Active clinical trials for "Colorectal Neoplasms"

Screening campaigns for colorectal cancer (CRC) involve two steps: the detection of occult blood in stools using a Hemoccult GAIAC test (FOBT) on three consecutive stool samples, followed by colonoscopy if the result is positive. The information quality of the Hemoccult test, however, is poor: in the asymptomatic 50 to 74 year-old population, the detection sensitivity of polyps more than 1 cm in diameter is of the order of 10 to 30% and is 35 to 50% for detecting colorectal cancers; specificity is 94 to 98% that of a complete colonoscopy. The I-FOBTs based on immunological detection and quantification of occult blood in stools are currently being evaluated; based on the threshold it can be more sensitive than FOBT, but enhances useless colonoscopies. Alternatively, with highest threshold of blood in stools, it may become highly specific and miss less advanced polyps. Faecal molecular tests based on the detection of human DNA anomalies (point gene mutations, methylation disorders of CG islets) appear to be more sensitive than the detection of occult blood in stools with no loss of specificity, but they are very expensive, thereby limiting their generalisation to the scale of population screening. A formal methylated DNA test has been validated in stools as well as in blood in a cohort of symptomatic individuals having undergone colonoscopy. The aim of the present study is to validate this test by taking advantage of the biotechnical expertise from renowned academic research teams and mass screening organisation.

Primary Objectives: To determine the feasibility of a study that would describe changes of certain circulating inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1, 6, 8, 10, 12, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF] and symptoms related to chemoradiation therapy (pre-therapy, during therapy and up to 3 months post-therapy) among patients with lung, esophageal, gastric, colorectal and anal cancer. To determine the feasibility of studying neurocognitive function in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) at presentation and during chemoradiation therapy to determine the prevalence, severity, and pattern of cognitive symptoms.

RATIONALE: Screening may help doctors find colorectal cancer sooner, when it may be easier to treat. Finding out what affects a patient's decision to undergo screening tests may help increase the number of patients who undergo regular screening for cancer. It is not yet known whether personalized invitations to undergo colorectal cancer screening are more effective than standard screening reminders. PURPOSE: This randomized phase III trial is studying ways to increase colorectal cancer screening in African Americans.

Study BT-CL-PGG-CRC0821 is a Phase 2, open-label, multicenter, efficacy and safety study. It will be conducted using a two-stage design with the intention of determining the initial efficacy of Imprime PGG in combination with a monoclonal antibody (MAb; cetuximab) in the treatment of KRAS-mutant colorectal cancer (CRC). Both stages will be conducted in subjects with Stage IV CRC demonstrating the KRAS gene mutation. Subjects will dose until progression of disease or discontinuation from the study for other reasons; e.g., safety, non-compliance. Approximately 56 subjects will be enrolled at three participating centers (17 into Stage 1 and 39 into Stage 2).

RATIONALE: A computer program that provides information on colorectal cancer screening based on a patient's test preferences may be more effective than a computer program that gives standard information in helping patients get regular colorectal cancer screenings. PURPOSE: This randomized clinical trial is studying computer-based tailored information to see how well it works compared with standard information for colorectal cancer screening.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether sulindac and VSL#3 - inulin, either combined or alone, are effective in treating or preventing adenoma development in the ileal anal pouch in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis.

Despite strong evidence for the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a variety of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening methods for reducing CRC mortality, current CRC screening rates fall far below the levels needed to significantly impact CRC mortality. Unfortunately, however, the existing literature on patient CRC screening behavior does not yet provide a sufficient evidence base for making sound recommendations regarding how to most effectively improve upon these rates in the VA. This study will inform future CRC screening promotion efforts and make important scientific contributions to existing literature by: (a) delineating the relative contribution of patient cognitive, environmental and background factors to CRC screening behavior using a multi-level, theory driven analysis approach on a nationally representative sample, and (b) identifying the determinants of variation in CRC screening behavior across vulnerable population subgroups.

Screening colonoscopy has been established as the most effective means of colorectal cancer prevention. This is based on the fact that colonoscopy detects and removes colonic polyps (adenomas) which are known to progress to cancer if left untreated. The present study examines the question whether case volume (i.e., the number of colonoscopies performed per year) correlates with colonoscopy quality, i.e., adenoma detection rate.

RATIONALE: Chemoprevention therapy is the use of certain drugs to try to prevent the development or recurrence of cancer. The use of aspirin and/or folic acid may be effective in preventing recurrent polyps in patients who have had polyps removed previously. PURPOSE: Randomized clinical trial to determine the effectiveness of aspirin and/or folic acid in preventing the recurrence of colorectal polyps.

This is a qualitative interview study that aims to understand treatment burden in individuals who have experienced prostate or colorectal cancer treatment within the past five years. We intend to use patient and caregiver experiences to co-design interventions to optimise cancer aftercare. Treatment burden is the workload of healthcare for patients and the consequences of this workload on patient function. Treatment burden has been associated with negative outcomes in stroke, heart failure, diabetes, and renal failure. Cancer is increasingly becoming a chronic condition, and involves a variety of self-management tasks for patients and their caregivers. In this study investigators will investigate treatment burden in people after prostate and colorectal cancer. Investigators will seek to understand patient and caregiver perceptions about cancer aftercare, and ways that services could be redesigned and improved to reduce treatment burden, and improve patient outcomes. We will undertake a qualitative interview study, recruiting patients from general practices and oncology outpatient clinics who have completed potentially curative treatment for prostate or colorectal cancer, or who are on active surveillance or hormonal therapies for localised or locally advanced prostate cancer. We will purposively sample, to ensure that participants with comorbidities, those from lower socioeconomic groups, and rural dwellers are adequately represented. We will conduct interviews according to a schedule, informed by conceptual models of burden of treatment, Schwarzer's Health Action Process Approach, and Normalisation Process Theory. Interviews will be filmed and/or audio-recorded and transcribed. Framework and thematic analysis will be used to analyse and synthesise the data. Participants will be given the chance to comment on outputs and findings (triangulation). Investigators plan to use the results of this study, and excerpts from video interviews during co-design events, and to create new interventions to optimise aftercare for patients with prostate and colorectal cancer.