Active clinical trials for "Colorectal Neoplasms"

The purpose of the study is to evaluate efficacy (i.e. reaching the cecum) and safety of the Invendo C20 Colonoscopy System

This is a prospective, longitudinal cohort study to evaluate fatigue and cognitive function in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) treated with chemotherapy, and in patients with the same malignancy, that do not receive chemotherapy. A self-report questionnaire for fatigue (the FACT-F), and validated tests of cognitive function, will be applied at predetermined times before, during and after chemotherapy, to determine the incidence, severity and duration of these symptoms. Comparisons will be made in changes in cognition for individuals, as well as between the chemotherapy and the control group. Mechanisms that might lead to fatigue and/or cognitive decline will be investigated.

Positron emission tomography (PET) is a nuclear medicine procedure based on the measurement of positron emission from radiolabelled tracer molecules. These radiotracers allow biologic processes to be measured and whole body images to be obtained which demonstrates sites of radiotracer accumulation. The most common radiotracer in use today is 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) which is a radiolabelled sugar (glucose) molecule. Imaging with 18F-FDG PET is used to determine sites of abnormal glucose metabolism and can be used to characterize and localize many types of tumours. Cancer treatment and outcome depend largely on the accurate diagnosis and staging of disease. There is extensive data in the literature indicating the importance of FDG-PET imaging in accurately characterizing disease, as well as determining stage and sites of recurrent disease in many cancer types. For these indications, functional imaging with PET provides unique information which is not available from standard medical imaging modalities such as ultrasound, X-ray, computerized tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The objectives of this study are to document the safety and efficacy of 18F-FDG produced by the British Columbia Cancer Agency (BCCA) at its Tri-University Meson Facility (TRIUMF) production facility and to evaluate FDG-PET as a diagnostic and decision making tool in the management of oncology patients in British Columbia. With a population base of over 4 million people, standardized cancer treatment protocols, and evidence based guidelines for FDG-PET imaging, the BCCA is positioned to make an important contribution to defining the role of PET in the Canadian health care system.

This project has been completed and consisted of a randomised trial of six tailored decision aids giving patients evidence-based information about faecal occult blood test screening for bowel cancer. 314 Australians aged between 50-74 years were recruited from five general practices and randomised to received either the tailored decision aid with age-gender and family history specific information and values clarification exercise or a standard government information sheet. The decision aid significantly increased the proportion of people who were informed participants in the screening program.

It has been reported that carbon dioxide (CO2) insufflation can reduce patient pain and abdominal discomfort during and after colonoscopy. Its safety and efficacy during colonoscopy even under sedation has been already assessed in some earlier trials. Air insufflation is still the standard method, however, because of a lack of suitable equipment and continued technical improvement in colonoscopy. In laparoscopic surgery, CO2 insufflation is widely applied and safely used with the patient under general anesthesia. CO2 insufflation is also applied for CT colonography for reduction of discomfort during or after procedure.2 During endoscopic procedure for colorectal neoplasia resection, however, long procedural time may increase not only the degree of discomfort during and after the procedure but also the risk of perforation. In addition to laparoscopic surgery, CO2 insufflation has also been applied to other endoscopic procedures. Saito et al reported the application of CO2 insufflation in Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) of colorectal neoplasia in a prospective study in which their average procedural time using CO2 insufflation was 90 minutes under conscious sedation with average of 5.6 mg of midazolam. When compared with control group using room air, statistically negligible difference of pCO2 was observed with significant difference in abdominal discomfort.6 Screening colonoscopy, which can be completed within 15 minutes if no lesion being detected, requires high screenee satisfaction so as to improve patient compliance. In the setting of colonoscopy after positive FOBT, the attendance rate for secondary colonoscopy was around 60 to 70 % according to the data demonstrated in previous RCT and population-based studies. With application of CO2 insufflation, further improvement of patient compliance can be anticipated. This study aims to investigate whether use of CO2 insufflations can reduce examinee discomfort in comparison with air.

RATIONALE: Determination of genetic markers for colorectal cancer may improve the identification of patients who are at highest risk for relapse. PURPOSE: This clinical trial is studying the importance of genetic markers for detecting relapse in patients with colorectal cancer.

RATIONALE: Identifying gene mutations (microsatellite instability) may allow doctors to plan effective treatment for patients who develop colorectal cancer at an early age. PURPOSE: Genetic trial to determine the significance of gene mutations in helping predict the outcome of treatment in patients who develop stage I, stage II, or stage III colorectal cancer at an early age.

The influence of Positron-Emission-Tomography (PET) on the surgical treatment of loco-regionally recurrent colorectal cancer (LRRCRC) remains obscure and deserves further investigation.

Retrospective analysis of a cohort of elderly CRC patients (aged ≥ 65 years) underwent transanal-NOSES between August 2008 and February 2022 was constructed. Data were obtained from China NOSES Database (CNDB). The primary outcomes included time to first flatus, postoperative hospital stays, 30-day postoperative complication and hospital mortality. The secondary outcomes were overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS).

Cancer prehabilitation typically involves multiple pre-op visits. The investigators aim to assess the impact of their novel model, a "one-stop "service by a small, "levelled-up" core team on newly diagnosed colorectal cancer patients planned for surgery.