Active clinical trials for "Colorectal Neoplasms"

The study evaluates the protective effect of low-dose aspirin use on gastrointestinal cancers (colorectal, esophageal and gastric cancers) in long-term users, episodic users and non-users of aspirin in Taiwan.

In the UK, around 1 in 16 men and 1 in 20 women will develop bowel cancer at some point in their lives. Most bowel cancers happen when a type of growth in the bowel called an adenoma eventually becomes cancerous. Cutting out adenomas reduces the risk of developing bowel cancer. Certain people are more likely to have adenomas than others, for example people who are overweight. People who are overweight are also more likely to develop liver disease by laying too much fat down in the liver. Studies in Asia have shown that people with fatty liver disease are more likely to have adenomas and these are more commonly found in the part of the bowel (right colon) furthest from the bottom end. Information on the link between obesity, fatty liver disease and adenomas is very limited, particularly in the Western population. The investigators will assess the link between body weight, fatty liver and adenomas in the UK population. 1430 patients will be invited; some through the bowel cancer screening programme and some with symptoms such as low blood count, bleeding or changed bowel habit. These patients will already have been referred for a camera test looking into the bowel, called a colonoscopy. Information including height, weight and some health questions will be taken. Blood samples will be taken. The investigators will compare the number of patients with adenomas who have liver disease or who are overweight with those who don't. This information will be used to develop a scoring system to predict risk of adenomas. This will help the investigators to decide if undertaking colonoscopies in these patients will identify those at increased risk of bowel cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a global burden and one of the most frequent types of cancer. Colorectal cancer therapy is complex and surgery remains the cornerstone for its treatment, combined with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. At diagnosis time, stage II / III is the predominant . There is a growing interest on the potential effect of perioperative anesthetic management on cancer growth and spread. Preclinical studies suggest that opioids could promote direct tumor growth, angiogenesis, metastasis and immunosuppression of cellular and humoral responses, mainly mediated by Mu opioid receptor 1 (MOR-1) activation. Association between increased expression of MOR-1and or perioperative opioids use and shorter DFS or OS has been demonstrated in lung, prostate, gastric and esophagus cancers. Furthermore a pooled analysis suggested that methylnaltrexone, a peripherally acting Mu-opioid receptor antagonist (PAMORA) was associated with increased survival in patients with advanced cancer. Thus, the expression of the MOR-1 is an indicator of poor prognosis in some cancer types, but its relevance in colon cancer is unknown. The hypothesis of this study is that the increased MOR-1expression in tumor samples from colorectal cancer could be associated to poor disease free survival. These findings would be of great clinical relevance in order to avoid perioperative opioid use in oncological patients. Moreover PAMORAs could be a valuable tool in perioperative antitumor treatment, since currently these drugs are currently used with confirmed tolerability and low adverse effects in the management of opioid-induced constipation (Opioid Induced Constipation-OIC). Besides MOR 1 expression could constitute a biomarker that guide the investigators to perform neoadjuvant therapy.

Immune therapy represents a promising option for the treatment of an increasing number of malignancies. New immunotherapeutic strategies are currently under development and will be further studied starting from refractory settings of heavily pre-treated mCRC patients. On this basis, a specific immunological characterization of CRC metastasis will be relevant to direct future clinical and pharmacological research. As surgery is a therapeutic option in the treatment of mCRC, a percentage of mCRC patients undergo to resection of metastasis before or after medical treatment. These tumour samples could be useful to define the immune signature of colorectal metastatic disease. On the basis of the above reported considerations, an exploratory, prospective, observational study for the immunophenotypical characterization of colorectal cancer metastasis from pre-treated vs chemo-naive patients has been planned.

A non-interventional, prospective, open, multicenter study in Germany in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer who have been previously treated with, or are not considered candidates for, available therapies and with decision for treatment with trifluridin/tipiracil.

Gastroentero-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) are a heterogenous group of neoplasms that arise from enterochromaffin cells of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and pancreas. They account for 50-70% of all incident NETs. Due to the lack of symptoms in the early stage of disease and the frequency of nonspecific GI symptoms, GEP-NETs are difficult to diagnose. Identification of effective biomarkers (such as Chromogranin A) to improve GEP-NET diagnosis, as well as to assess treatment efficacy, relapse and prognosis, is important for improving outcomes for patients with GEP-NETs. The purpose of this study is to validate the performance of Brahms (BRAHMS) Chromogranin A II Kryptor (KRYPTOR) assay to monitor the course of disease in patients with well-defined GEP-NETs.

Regorafenib is currently the standard of care for refractory mCRC patients. Pivotal studies of regorafenib have proven the efficacy and safety, with a 28-day cycle (21 days on, 7 days off) and 160 mg dose given once daily. In the clinic, patients often have some complicated condition. This study aims to perform retrospective medical chart review of mCRC patients who received regorafenib treatment in two medical centers in Taiwan to examine treatment effectiveness in the routine clinical practice setting.

This non-interventional study will meta-analyze overall survival outcomes among the participants with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) with available V-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) status, who received firstline treatment with bevacizumab containing treatment regimen in routine clinical practice. The study leveraging secondary data from existing cohorts in the United Stats of America (USA), Germany, Australia, and Denmark.

The aim of the study is to identify and verify one or more gut bacteria of which the abundance in feces may help to early diagnosis colorectal cancer.

The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between sarcopenia, as defined by computed tomography, treatment related outcomes and other body composition related parameters in a patient population receiving bevacizumab beyond progression.