Active clinical trials for "Communicable Diseases"

The Checkable Medical At-Home Strep A Test is a rapid chromatographic immunoassay for the qualitative detection of Group A Strep (GAS) antigens from throat swabs. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the clinical performance of the investigational device (i.e., sensitivity, specificity, NPV and PPV) when used by untrained lay persons to detect the presence of Group A Streptococcal antigens in throat swab specimens from individuals five years of age and older with signs and symptoms of pharyngitis, such as fever and sore throat.

This study assesses the specificity of Chagas Detect™ Plus (CDP) rapid test versus standard reference tests (e.g. RIPA or IFA) for Chagas diagnosis in the US. The Chagas Detect™ Plus Rapid Test is a rapid immunochromotagraphic strip assay for the qualitative detection of antibodies to Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi) in human serum or whole blood samples. Reactive assay results are presumptive evidence of Chagas infection. This study will enroll males and females 18-70 years of age from areas non-endemic for Chagas infection. A fingerprick blood sample and a venous blood sample (for processing to serum) will be collected from each subject. Subject age, gender, and symptoms will be recorded. For this study, samples will have no personally identifiable information. CDP and reference tests will be performed by different operators who are laboratory staff members. These staff members, blinded to each other's results, will evaluate the samples from each method independently.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is reported as one of the main causative pathogen of community acquired SSTIs. In the USA, high prevalence of MRSA among Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) is known to be due to the spread of the USA300 clone [Moran et al. 2006]. Among S. aureus SSTIs infections in Europe, data regarding the prevalence of MRSA in SSTIs and the causative genotypes remain scarce. The paucity of literature on the prevalence of MSSA, MRSA and PVL-producing S. aureus strains in SSTI in Europe is probably due to the fact that culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing is not a routine component of SSTI management. Setting-up a prospective multi-centre study involving patients presenting to emergency departments with SSTIs in several European countries would allow drawing a picture on the role and the respective contribution of MSSA, MRSA and PVL-producing S. aureus strains as a cause of SSTIs. However, the roles of emergency rooms and local policies with regard to performing microbiological analysis after surgical drainage of SSTIs vary between countries. In order to evaluate the feasibility of such multicenter European study, we aim at performing a pilot study based on few European clinical laboratories (five to seven) which will: i) evaluate the prevalence of MSSA, MRSA and S. aureus PVL-positive strains in community-acquired SSTIs; and ii) determine molecular characteristics of the isolated strains. The main objectives of this pilot study are to collect some preliminary information on the role of S. aureus in SSTIs and to determine factors that need to be harmonized or taken into consideration for the set-up a larger prospective cross-sectional study involving more European countries with several centers per country to cover different geographical areas per country.

Background: Zika virus is mostly passed on by the bite of an infected mosquito. It usually causes mild illness. But in pregnant women it can cause serious birth defects to the baby. The virus can also spread by blood transfusion and sexual intercourse. This is why the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA) recommended that people should not give blood if possibly exposed to Zika virus. Dengue virus and chikungunya virus are passed by the same mosquitoes as Zika virus. These can cause severe reactions if passed through transfused blood. Donated blood is usually not tested for these three viruses. Researchers want to count the infections in people who have been exposed because of travel or sexual exposure. They want to learn the risk these viruses might pose to the U.S. blood supply. They also want to study the natural history of these viruses by following infected people over time. Objective: To study the risk of Zika, dengue, and chikungunya viruses to the U.S. blood supply. Eligibility: Adults age 18 or older who were turned down for donating blood because of possible exposure to certain viruses. Design: Participants will have blood and urine tests. They will answer questions about their travel. They will be called in about a week with virus test results. Participants with negative results do not have any more study visits. Participants with positive results will be asked to stay in the study for 6 months. They will have weekly clinic visits and tests until results are negative for 2 straight weeks. Once test results are negative, they will have monthly visits. Visits will include physical exams, blood and urine samples, and optional semen samples from men. Most people will have 3-4 weekly visits and 5 monthly visits.

Urinary tract infection due to Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing enterobacteriaceae (E-ESBL UTI) become a frequent problem. A too large variety in the prescription of antibiotics for E-ESBL UTI in children and absolute recommendations regarding the optimal treatment of E-ESBL is nearly impossible at this time. Our aim was to describe the characteristics and treatments of urinary tract infections caused by Extended spectrum betalactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in children.

This clinical study will collect fresh samples and perform laboratory testing on fresh and archived samples as described in the protocol.

The aim of this study is to assess the prevention of incision healing complications in patients undergoing revision TKA and THA treated with either Single-Use NPWT (PICO) compared to standard of care dressings (AQUACEL Ag Surgical Dressing). All patients undergoing a revision TKA and THA who consent to taking part in the study, and meet the eligibility criteria will be included onto the study. Patients will be followed up for a period of up to 3 months to determine if there are any latent incision healing complications

The goal is to improve the evidence-based management of fever cases seen in outpatient clinics in malaria endemic countries, through a better understanding of the value of accurate malaria diagnosis, and through an improved understanding of the other causes of fever in children. The objective is to describe systematically (as much as possible) the etiologies of fever in children in an urban and in a rural environment of sub-Saharan Africa.

The study patients are patients suffering from primary or secondary immunodeficiencies investigated in the Hospital Necker for a suspected infectious disease. The study purpose is to assess the performance of a High Throughput Sequencing method, the PATHOQUEST method (from sample preparation to bio informatic analysis), versus the classic diagnostic approach. The study will evaluate the capacity of the PATHOQUEST method to detect pathogens responsible for an infectious disease episode and will also evaluate the delay of obtention of results compared to the classic diagnostic approach.

The main objective of the study is to characterize the virulence factors of SGA and identify immunological and / or genetic factors predisposing to infections in children hospitalized with invasive GAS infection.