Active clinical trials for "Community-Acquired Infections"

Validation of Vital Signs and Symptoms for the Diagnosis of Serious Infections in Acutely Ill Children in a High Prevalent Setting: The Paediatric Accidents & Emergencies through prospective observational data collection concerning specific items from the clinical and technical examination in diagnosing serious infections, such as meningitis, sepsis, pneumonia, pyelonephritis, bronchiolitis with hypoxia. Eventually we will attempt to validate a vital signs and symptoms rule derived from multiple low to high prevalent settings of acutely ill children.

Parapneumonic pleurisies are a frequent complication of pneumopathies, but therapeutic management is poorly codified. Only the indication of thoracic drainage has benefited from expert recommendations. However, we find in the literature the major importance of early management of infectious pleurisy in order to minimize the sequelae. Pleural ultrasound, sensitive and specific in this pathology could bring us a real interest in terms of diagnostic speed and therefore of care. This study therefore seeks to show that pleural ultrasound can have a major interest in improving the management of patients with parapneumonic pleurisy, by reducing the number of medical treatment failures.

In-vitro surveillance study of tigecycline (Tygacil) in Taiwan.

Pharmacological treatment of physiologic Gastro-esophageal Reflux disease (GERD) is excessive in France, as 65%-85% of children below 11 years are being treated, frequently with Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) PPI have been associated, in adults, with an increase of infection rate but data in pediatry are scarce, especially in community medecine. Recently a study conducted in England brought up controversial results suggesting that the use of PPIs can be associated with a reduced risk of community acquired pneumonia. Our study was aimed to assess, on a population-based database, the association between PPI prescription and community infections in children of 11 years or under.

The purpose of this feasibility study is to test a device which analyzes breath and may allow doctors and health professionals to immediately determine if an ill patient has a specific type of bacterial infection. This will allow a health professional to provide immediate targeted antibiotics to properly start treatment without delay.

Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA), strains of MRSA that are able to infect otherwise healthy people outside of hospital settings, emerged in the late 1990s and have recently arisen in many countries around the globe. CA-MRSA strains are usually distinguished from their HA-MRSA counterparts by the following characteristics: Firstly, CA-MRSA strains are usually susceptible to non-lactam antibiotics. Secondly, CA-MRSA harbors type IV and V SCCmec elements, which are shorter than the traditional type I, II, and III SCCmec elements found in HA-MRSA strains. Thirdly, certain successful clones are associated with outbreaks of CA-MRSA infections reported in specific geographical locations. For example, ST1 and ST8 isolates are mostly reported in the USA and Canada, ST80 isolates are commonly found in Europe, and ST59 isolates are encountered in the Asia-Pacific region. Notably, all these characteristics have substantial limitations for discriminating CA-MRSA isolates due to their complex backgrounds. Although there were more and more studies of CA-MRSA in European countries and the US, few national epidemiological data were available about China. In this study, we investigated the epidemiological, clinical and molecular characteristics of CA-MRSA isolates recovered in Chinese hospitals, in order to understand the changing epidemiology of MRSA in China.

In order to assess the burden of respiratory syncytial virus on infant mortality in Pakistan, nasopharyngeal swab sampling and minimally invasive tissue sampling (MITS) will be conducted on deceased infants under 6 months of age. The specimens will be analysed by the microbiology and histopathology labs at Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan. Verbal consent will be obtained from parents of deceased infants, and a cause of death lab report and grief counseling services will be offered to enrolled parents who gave consent for specimen collection. The study is funded by Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation in affiliation with Research Triangle Institute (RTI) MITS Surveillance Alliance.

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a heterogeneous disease causing great morbidity, mortality and health care burden globally. Typing methods for discriminating different clinical conditions of the same disease are essential to a better management of CAP. Traditional typing systems based separately on clinical manifestations (such as PSI and CURB-65), pathogens(bacterial types, virulence, drug resistance, etc) or host immune state (immunocompetent, immunocompromised or immunodeficiency). Thus, they are barely able to represent the real disease status nor to precisely predict the mortality. As the development of multi-omic technologies, the relatedness of different phenotypes at a molecular level have revolutionized our ability to differentiate among patients. Our study is aimed at establishing a novel molecular typing method of CAP. Multi-omic (including genomics, transcriptomes, and metabolisms) data obtained from enrolled CAP patients and isolated pathogens would be integrated analyzed and interpreted. Tthe investigators believe that an appropriate molecular typing method would lead to revolutionary changes in current arrangements of CAP.