Active clinical trials for "Congenital Abnormalities"

The objective of this study is to determine the safety and feasibility of autologous mononuclear cells (MNS) collected from bone marrow (BM) and using an add-on intramyocardial delivery for individuals with Ebstein anomaly undergoing surgical intervention compared to the control group undergoing the same surgical procedure without cell delivery. This add-on procedure has the potential to foster a new strategy for individuals with congenital heart disease.This is an open-label study of autologous MNC derived from bone marrow with a 2-year follow-up to document 1) incidence and severity of adverse event and 2) monitor changes in cardiac structure and function.

The study aims to assess the effectiveness of hemiephysiodesis using eight plates in correction of fixed knee flexion deformities in children.

Persistent fecal incontinence (FI) after anorectal malformations (ARM) is a common occurence. During the last two decades perianal injection therapy has emerged as an option for treating patients with FI due to other causes than ARMs. The studies done on different implants have always expempted patients with ARM which has led to ARM being a formal contraindication for treatment with perianal injection therapy. The study aims to treat patients with persistent FI after ARM with perianal injection of NASHA/Dx (Solesta®) and follow them with Clinical examination and questionnaires up to 18 months post treatment.

It has been reported that the head protrudes forward relative to the body from the sagittal plane associated with the anterior shifting of the line of gravity (LOG) relative to the base of support (BOS). On the other hand, the center of gravity (COG) has changed with the forward head posture (FHP) and is related to mechanical and musculoskeletal modifications due to postural control, which affects the whole body balance. Griegel-Morris et al. Reported that, after evaluating eighty-eight healthy participants, 66% had a forward head posture (FHP). In addition, he stated that the inverted head posture in the forward head posture will not only cause neck problems, but also can extend to the shoulder joint and thoracic spine. As a result, it causes a general imbalance in the musculoskeletal system. Jung-Ho Kang and his colleagues examined the effect of daily sitting times of computer users on dynamic and static balance and stated that balance ability decreased in heavy computer users. Another study on forward head posture (IBP) revealed that it limits ankle joint movement, especially in ankle plantarflexion.

Regional population-based registry for the epidemiological surveillance of congenital anomalies

Developmental dislocation of the hip is a common disease in children, and its incidence in China is about 9 ‰.The pathological changes of it is complex. The reluxation , subluxation and residual deformity and other complications are relatively common after treatment. The X-ray appears great acetabular index and wide medial gap , small central-edge angle. As there is no effective methods for treating such complications , investigators conducted this trial to find and prove optimal intervention time and treatment programs.

Purpose Invasive fungal infections cause significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. Amphotericin B deoxycholate (AmB) is a polyene antifungal agent. The broad spectrum of activity contributed to it being considered the gold standard of antifungal therapy despite being associated with high incidences of infusion related adverse events. AmB exerts their antifungal effect binding to ergosterol; a sterol similar to cholesterol found in fungal cell membranes. However AmB also binds to cholesterol molecules in mammalian cell membranes forming intramembranous pores and vacuoles in the distal convoluted tubule of the kidney producing its nephrotoxic effects. Nephrotoxicity is the major adverse effect of AmB, often limiting administrations of full dosage; it's manifested as acute kidney injury, impaired renal concentrating ability, augmented urinary potassium secretion through tubular Na+/K+ ATPase, type-1 renal tubular acidosis, which increases the elimination of potassium, and magnesium wasting. Furthermore potassium depletion potentiates the tubular toxicity of AmB. The management of potassium wasting may be difficult, even high intravenous doses of potassium chloride may not be fully effective in correcting the hypokalemia. It has been probed the use of potassium-sparing diuretics to limit electrolyte wasting in patients treated with AmB. In 1988 Smith et al, demonstrated that amiloride was well tolerated and provided effective control of plasma potassium in patients treated with AmB. This finding was confirmed in 2001 by Bearden et al. However in our country the only available commercial presentation of amiloride also contains hydrochlorothiazide, limiting its use in such patients. Spironolactone acts on the distal renal tubule by competitive inhibition of aldosterone, thereby blocking the exchange between sodium and both potassium and hydrogen in the distal tubules and collecting ducts. These agents produce a sodium diuresis which results in potassium retention. There is only one clinical trial by Ural et al, using spironolactone to prevent hypokalemia in twenty-six neutropenic patients on AmB treatment; they demonstrated that those patients receiving concomitant AmB and spironolactone (100mg bid) had significantly higher plasma potassium levels than those receiving AmB alone (P=0.0027) and required significantly less potassium supplementation to maintain their plasma potassium within the normal range (P=0.022). Renal vasoconstriction appears to play a major role in AmB induced reduction in GFR; recurrent ischemia may lead to structural and tubular damage and permanent nephrotoxic effects. Aldosterone modulates the tone of the renal vasculature. Bobadilla et al have shown in animal models of cytotoxic damage using cyclosporine; that a mineralocorticoid receptor blockade with spironolactone reduces the structural renal damage, and also prevents renal dysfunction due to afferent and efferent vasoconstrictions. This group has also shown that prophylactic treatment with spironolactone completely prevents renal dysfunction and histological signs of tubular injury from ischemia-reperfusion injuries. And also has demonstrated the ability of spironolactone in animal models to protect the kidney after establishing an ischemic insult, when spironolactone was administrated immediately or 3h after the renal ischemic insult had occurred, reducing levels of sensitive biomarkers such as Kim-1 and Hsp70. The investigators' hypothesis is that administration of spironolactone in patients treated with AmB will help to maintain significantly higher plasma potassium levels and will help to reduce potassium and magnesium supplementation. Moreover spironolactone will help to reduce the urinary excretion of potassium. The investigators propose a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled trial approved by the local ethical committee, to compare the efficacy and security of spironolactone to reduce electrolytic derangements in three groups: AmB and placebo, AmB and spironolactone 100mg once a day, AmB and spironolactone 100mg twice a day. The investigators will include 12 patients per group. Researchers will collect daily plasma creatinine, sodium, potassium, BUN and urinary potassium, as well as the values of potassium and magnesium supplements administered orally or parenterally. The researchers will also collect by 7 days urinary levels of NGAL, KIM-1 and Hsp-70 as tubular injury markers.

To now, two alternatives for the management of venous vascular malformations are recognized, appropriate to the location, size and patients: sclerosis and surgery. However, sclerosis is effective on symptoms in 80% of cases and excision removes the malformation completely or partially, but it is aggressive and recurrences are common.

The purpose of this descriptive study is to provide information on the feasibility of using the cranial cup, a new positioning device, in a small sample of prematurely born infants with elongated head shapes as a result of laying on their abdomens, during the convalescent phase of their hospitalizations.

This study assessed the safety and efficacy of LDK378 in adult patients with genetic abnormalities in anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK).