Active clinical trials for "Coronary Artery Disease"

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and echocardiography are two imaging methods that are used to obtain pictures of the heart and assess heart function. This study will evaluate a new, four-dimensional echocardiography approach of obtaining heart images to determine if it is as effective at evaluating heart function as MRI.

The examination of the percentage of peripheral T cells carrying VLA-1 in ischemic heart disease patients. The hypothesis is that the percentage levels of cells carrying this integrin rise according to the severity of the ischemic heart disease.

XIENCE V USA is a prospective, multi-center, multi-cohort post-approval study. The objectives of this study are To evaluate XIENCE V EECSS continued safety and effectiveness during commercial use in real world settings, and To support the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) initiative. This initiative is designed to evaluate the composite of all death, myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke (MACCE) and the survival of patients that are free from Academic Research Consortium (ARC) definite or probable stent thrombosis (ST) and that have been treated with drug eluting stents (DES) and extended dual antiplatelet therapy.

Information will be collected prospectively in about 3,000 patients having Optical Coherence Tomography during cardiac catheterization. Subjects will be initially enrolled at sites outside of the United States, where Optical Coherence Tomography is approved by regulatory agencies. Subjects will be followed for up to 5 years.

Single center registry of patients who have received a Xience V everolimus-eluting stent at the Washington Hospital Center, with the primary objective to assess clinical success and safety at 30 days, 6 months and 1 year post-implantation.

Thrombin is the most potent activator of platelets, and platelet activation is a hallmark of thrombosis. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the major cause of mortality and morbidity in the United States and other industrialized countries, and thrombotic sequelae are the key cause of death in diabetes. The accumulation of thrombin at sites of vascular injury provides one of the major mechanisms of recruiting platelets into a hemostatic plug. Thrombin works by activation of the G protein-coupled protease activated receptors PAR1 and PAR4 on human platelets to initiate signaling cascades leading to increases in [Ca]i, secretion of autocrine activators, trafficking of adhesion molecules to the plasma membrane, and shape change, which all promote platelet aggregation. The thrombin receptors work in a progressive manner, with PAR1 activated at low thrombin concentrations, and PAR4 recruited at higher thrombin concentrations. As direct thrombin inhibitors become widely used in clinical practice, it is important to assess their effects on vascular function. Our hypothesis is that PAR1 and PAR4 do not signal through the same G protein pathways, and that PAR4 is not a strong platelet agonist. To investigate this hypothesis, the investigators will study the G protein pathways downstream of PAR4, and assess ex-vivo platelet responsiveness to thrombin, PAR1, and PAR4 agonist peptides, both in normal human subjects, and along the stages of pathology, from patients with stable angina as well as unstable angina who are undergoing angioplasty. Similarly, the investigators will examine platelet function in patients with metabolic syndrome as well as diabetes, along the continuum from insulin resistance to full-blown disease. These studies will provide deeper insight into the G protein pathways used by PARs. They will elucidate the contribution of PAR receptors to normal platelet function as well as the abnormal platelet activation in thrombotic states. The long term goal is to understand the implications for PAR receptors as therapeutic targets for anti-platelet therapies that may carry less bleeding risk.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the changes of cardiorespiratory fitness and left ventricular function in type 2 diabetes after uncomplicated coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. We hypothesize that exercise capacity, left ventricular diastolic function, and biochemical data improves after 12-wk exercise training in patients with type 2 diabetes underwent CABG.

The real impact of cardiac surgery and coronary angioplasty remains to be clarified and, where appropriate, the influencing factors in a way beneficial or deleterious remain to be identified. The identification of such factors could make even faster screening, prevention and therefore open therapeutic prospects for those patients. The objective of the study is to constitute a prospective cohort to assess the occurrence of cognitive decline after cardiac surgery (200 patients) and coronary angioplasty (200 patients) using the scale Dementia rating scale (DRS) of Mattis. In addition, the investigators will identify factors that influence positively or negatively, the occurrence of such a cognitive decline. The study based on a systematic monitoring of clinical, biological, imaging and pharmacological factors and, to correlate the respective influence of these factors on the incidence of cognitive decline.

This study will be co-ordinated by Dr Hector Chinoy, Dr Robert G Cooper (Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust / The University of Manchester) and Dr Ian N Bruce (Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust/ The University of Manchester). An initial pilot study will be completed, to establish proof of concept of the study and to examine whether trends may observed of differences between cases and controls. Twenty five prevalent UK Caucasian adult IIM cases, confirmed by internationally accepted criteria, will be recruited via the Adult Onset Myositis clinic, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust. Age, gender and race-matched controls will be recruited on a 'best friend' system. At the Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility (WTCRF), The University of Manchester, facilities are already available for B-mode ultrasound CIMT measurement, Endo-PAT, lean body mass measurement and contrast echocardiography. Cases and controls will have their cardiovascular risk factors assessed using a standardised questionnaire and blood tests. Further tests performed will include blood pressure, electrocardiogram, lean body mass, B-mode ultrasound CIMT measurement and Endo-PAT. IIM cases will have additional blood tests and a clinical assessment to assess their disease status, and contrast echocardiography. As part of a linked study, subjects (but not controls) will also have Gd-DTPA-MRI of the heart performed.

To determine if prasugrel is superior to clopidogrel in providing adequate antiplatelet effect in a high risk population that requires concomitant use of a Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI).