Active clinical trials for "Coronary Artery Disease"

The primary aim of this study is to examine if long-term patterns of alcohol consumption are associated with time-to-onset for incident coronary heart disease (fatal and non-fatal), using data from multiple cohorts.

The primary aim of the current research project is to determine whether the TMAO concentration in the blood can serve as a prognostic indicator of myocardial infarction. The hypothesis is that in patients with recent myocardial infarction, TMAO concentration in blood is higher than in patients undergoing scheduled coronarography.

Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is a visceral adipose tissue that surrounds the heart and the coronary arteries. It is metabolically active, secreting pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators and cytokines. With increasing EAT volume, inflammatory activity increasing, which suggests that EAT may locally influence atherosclerosis development in the coronary artery tree. The amount of EAT is associated with cardiovascular disease risk factors as well as presence and progression of subclinical atherosclerosis. Likewise, EAT volume is increased in patient with prevalent and incident coronary artery disease manifestation. In the setting of acute coronary syndrome, EAT was found to be associated with the TIMI risk score and Syntax II score. While CT imaging of the heart is the gold standard for EAT quantification, transthoracic echocardiography allows for a quick and reliable assessment of EAT thickness, as has been used in research studies and may qualify for routine EAT assessment in clinical routine.However, currently data on how quantification of EAT in clinical routine may impact patient management is lacking. We aim to investigate, whether quantification of EAT thickness via transthoracic echocardiography enables improved risk stratification in patients presenting with acute chest pain to the emergency department.

Background Troponin are proteins found in the cardiomyocyte and are a cornerstone in the diagnoses of acute myocardial infarction. Troponin is released to the bloodstream as a result of an cardiomyocyte injury. Troponin is frequently assessed in hospital care for patients with chest pain and dyspnea. Guidelines recommend troponin assessment at admission and repeated at 3 to 6 hours, depending on the assay. High-sensitivity assays measure concentrations that are ten-times lower than earlier generations of assays. However, the time from when troponin is elevated in the bloodstream after an ischemic injury, measured with high-sensitivity assays, are not fully known. During an X-ray imaging of the heart's blood vessels (coronary angiogram) it is possible to do a short, controlled occlusion of coronary artery by inflating a small balloon in one of the coronary arteries. Numerous earlier studies in patients have used this method for induced occlusion of one coronary artery for 1 to 3 minutes. Only one of the studies measured troponin I. The aim with this study is to quantify and compare the release of troponin T and troponin I in the early hours after a controlled induced ischemia. Study Design This is a prospective, descriptive and experimental study. There will be included 40 patients, without acute ischemic cardiac disease. They will be randomized in 4 groups. 0: 10 patients - control group, no balloon occlusion 10 patients - balloon occlusion for 30 seconds 10 patients - balloon occlusion for 60 seconds 10 patients - balloon occlusion for 90 seconds Subsequently there will be assessed serial blood samples 0 - 3 hours: Every 15 minutes 3 - 6 hours: Every 30 minutes Statistics This is a pilot study and it is estimated that ten patients are sufficient number of patients in each group to assess elevation of troponin after occlusion of coronary artery. The thesis is there is a dosage-response correlation between the length of balloon occlusion and the concentration of troponin in blood stream.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine cerebral oxidative and inflammatory stress and cerebral hemodynamics during and after coronary artery bypass grafting and correlate with postoperative cognitive function.

The presence of myocardial ischemia is the most important prognostic indicator in patients with coronary artery disease. Therefore, the purpose of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is to relieve myocardial ischemia caused by the target stenosis. Fractional flow reserve (FFR) is an invasive physiologic index used to define functionally significant coronary stenosis, and its prognostic implications are supported by numerous studies. Contrary to the clear cutoff value and the benefit of FFR in pre-PCI evaluation, there have been various results regarding optimal cut-off values for post-PCI FFR. Nevertheless, the positive association between post-PCI FFR and the risk of future events has been reproduced by several studies. PCI with stent implantation is basically a local treatment and post-PCI FFR reflects both residual stenosis in the stented segment and remaining disease beyond the stented segment in the target vessel(s). Therefore, post-PCI FFR alone cannot fully discriminate the degree of contribution of each component. The relative increase of FFR with PCI is determined by the interaction of baseline severity of a target lesion, baseline disease burden of a target vessel, adequacy of PCI and residual disease burden in a target vessel. However, the most important problem in stratifying patients with better expected post-PCI physiologic results and following clinical outcome would be that there has been no clear method to identify these patients in pre-PCI phase. In this regard, we hypothesized that the amount of FFR step-up in pre-PCI pullback recording would determine the physiologic nature of target stenosis. For example, stenosis with sufficient step-up of FFR would deserve local treatment with PCI and these lesions would result in higher percent FFR increase, post-PCI FFR, and better clinical outcome than those without sufficient amount of FFR step-up. For this, we sought to develop automated algorithm to define physiologic major stenosis versus minor stenosis using pre-PCI pullback recording.

This study evaluates the prognostic value and potential therapeutic impact of combined pressure and flow measurements in the evaluation of epicardial coronary stenosis and microvascular function.

The purpose of this prospective observational study is to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic performance of a "one-stop" comprehensive coronary artery anatomy and function assessment for CAD.

To explore the severity of diabetic patients with coronary heart disease and the change of serum orphanin FQ content in different diabetic courses

Post-market clinical evaluation of the Gentuity High-Frequency Optical Coherence Tomography (HF-OCT) System and the Vis-Rx Micro-Imaging Catheter for use in Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) procedures.