Active clinical trials for "Coronary Disease"

To examine the epidemiology of renal disease and its relationship to cardiovascular disease.

This study will compare the safety of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with and without the use of heart-lung bypass during surgery (on- versus off-pump surgery). CABG carries a risk of stroke and of cognition problems (problems with thought processes) that may be caused by small strokes. This study will use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to determine whether the newer technique of off-pump CABG carries a lower risk of stroke than on-pump CABG. The study will also evaluate the relative risk (the risk of stroke in CABG patients exposed to the following factors compared to CABG patients who are not exposed to the following factors) of other factors for stroke and cognitive problems, such as atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries), age, sex, pre-surgery intellectual function and performance, previous stroke, chronic kidney failure, diabetes, high blood pressure, carotid artery disease (narrowing of the neck arteries to the brain), peripheral blood vessel disease, and micro embolism (tiny blood clots that travel to the brain). Patients 18 years of age and older with chest pain or narrowing of the coronary arteries who are scheduled to undergo CABG surgery may be eligible for this study. Participants will be randomly assigned to have CABG either on-pump or off-pump. They will undergo the following tests and procedures: Tests of cognitive and neurological function before surgery and 6 months after surgery Blood tests to look for cytokines (substances that indicate inflammation) before surgery, immediately after surgery and 1 day after surgery MRI scans to detect stroke before surgery, 1 day after surgery and 1 month after surgery. MRI is a diagnostic test that uses a strong magnetic field and radio waves to show structural and chemical changes in tissue. For the procedure, the patient lies on a table that slides into the scanner-a metal cylinder surrounded by a magnetic field. Earplugs are worn to muffle the loud knocking sounds that occur when the pictures are being taken. The scan, taken before surgery, will last about 20 minutes; the two after surgery take about 10 minutes to perform.

To determine if the Black-white differences in the development of obesity in pubescent females were due to differences in psychosocial, socioeconomic and other environmental factors. Also, to determine whether differences in the development of obesity led to Black-white differences in other coronary heart disease risk factors, such as blood pressure and serum lipids.

To determine the incidence, secular trends, and outcomes of coronary heart disease in the population of Rochester, Minnesota.

To determine the role of apolipoprotein B and apolipoprotein A1 in the etiology of coronary artery disease.

To test the hypothesis that increased risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, and cancer is related to diets high in saturated fat, animal protein, and hydrogenated vegetable oil, and low in polyunsaturated fat, fiber, vitamins A, C, and E, calcium, selenium, and chromium.

To evaluate the cardiovascular effects of postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy and the suspected beneficial effects on myocardial infarction and stroke.

To examine the natural histories of coronary artery disease and hypertension in cohorts of Black and white men of identical education and occupations.

To evaluate the ability of heart rate variability to identify myocardial infarction patients at high risk of dying, particularly from sudden cardiac death.

To assess whether current oral contraceptive (OC) use (within the previous month) increased the risk of myocardial infarction. Also, to assess the combined effects of cigarette smoking and oral contraceptive use.