Active clinical trials for "Coronary Disease"

Background Physical activity (PA), is an effective means of protecting against cardiovascular disease (CVD) development. PA refers to any skeletal muscle bodily movement that requires energy expenditure. Research shows that low- to moderate-intensity muscle endurance exercise, such as walking or brisk walking for about 15-20 minutes per day, is associated with a significantly lower CVD risk regardless of body mass index. Mobile technologies such as smartphone physical exercise apps offer a potentially cost-effective platform for facilitating regular exercise, allowing individuals to set goals, receiving feedback on achievements and health information for facilitating regular exercise. "Zero-time Exercise" (ZTE) is a new concept for physical activities (PA) and exercise promotion and can easily attract attention especially when most people believe that extra time is needed to do exercise. ZTE can be done easily during most time of day, while sitting, standing, walking or waiting. These include simple movements, such as stretching and resistance (endurance) movements of the head, neck and shoulders, chest and abdominal muscles and the upper and lower limbs. When ZTE is integrated into daily life and sustained with increasing intensity, the effects could be substantial, especially for those who are sedentary and have difficulties to meet the minimal requirements of 150 minutes of at least moderate PA per week. The term is also intended to motivate people to start with simple exercises (the 'Foot-in-the-door' approach), change the mindset (that exercises need much time, money and sweats) and overcome the inertia from a sedentary lifestyle to become more active. It could also be a way to promote mental health (such as increasing happiness) through PA or exercises and enjoying the fun and satisfaction from the rapid improvements in fitness performances. Having brought some easily observable benefits quickly to those who are willing to try for a few days, ZTE might lead to more intensive or vigorous exercises requiring extra time for greater benefits. Objective: To test the feasibility [recruitment, dropout, and adherence to PA] of using whatsapp as an inertia reminder to promote the adherence of Zero-time Exercises (ZTE) in patients with CHD.

Prasugrel is a potent thienopyridine antiplatelet agent that selectively and irreversibly inhibits ADP-induced platelet aggregation mediated by the P2Y12 receptor. Prasugrel is a prodrug that must first undergo biotransformation to its active metabolite via cytochrome P450-mediated hepatic metabolism (CYP1A2). Clopidogrel is currently administered to several million patients especially after coronary stenting. Clopidogrel has been shown to reduce cardiovascular complications in patients with acute coronary syndromes and patients who have undergone coronary stenting. The mechanism of action of clopidogrel's active metabolite involves inhibition of the purinergic adenosine diphosphate (ADP) receptor P2Y12 on the platelet membrane. Blockade of this receptor prevents uncoupling of the associated Gi2 protein which ultimately leads to increased platelet cyclic AMP (cAMP) formation.3 Cyclic AMP is a key signaling molecule in inhibiting platelet aggregation, but its intracellular levels are affected by several other commonly used compounds. For instance, methylxanthines, such as caffeine, theophylline, and theobromine (an ingredient of chocolate), all cause elevation of intracellular cAMP levels by inhibiting adenosine receptors (types A1 and A2) on the platelet membrane. The effect of caffeine consumption on platelet reactivity depends on the caffeine dose and duration of administration. Chronic caffeine consumption (≥7 days) appears to be associated with inhibition of platelet aggregation, probably through upregulation of adenosine receptors.The aim of this study was to examine the effect of acute caffeine consumption, at a dose equivalent to commercial coffee drinks, on the antiplatelet effect of clopidogrel and prasugrel, in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Platelet function will be evaluated using a validated method: the VerifyNow System (Accumetrics Inc., San Diego, CA), which is a point-of-care turbidimetry-based optical detection system that measures platelet-induced aggregation.

Bradykinin has been identified to contribute to the release of nitric oxide (NO), prostacyclin, and EDHF through activation of specific bradykinin 2 (B2) receptors, which is finally promoting a vasodilatory respone. Regular physical exercise training results in an improvement of endothelial function in patients with CAD. These positive effects were partially attributed to an increased expression of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX) as a result of the training intervention. Aim of this trial is therefore to determine, whether the training-induced correction of endothelial dysfunction is also bradykinin-dependent.

Actively gather additional information on the use of CorMatrix CanGaroo ECM Envelope in a post market observational study.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether some features of plaques in coronary arteries predispose the heart muscle to injuries during angioplasty in patients with a narrowing in at least one of the arteries that may need a stent placed during a heart catheterization. Participants undergo a cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study before the heart catheterization to look for scarring in the heart muscle. During the heart catheterization, participants undergo an intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) exam to look at the make-up of the plaques before the stent placement and the investigators will measure the pressures in the arteries to look at how severe the blockage is. Within 30 days after the heart catheterization, participants will have a second MRI done to look for any new scar in the heart muscle.

To determine the effects of high or low intensity long-term exercise conditioning in patients with coronary artery disease.

1. Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) could be performed with or without extracorporeal circulation (ECC). 2. OSA (Obstructive Sleep Apnea) could be influenced by in intravenous perfusion. 3. ECC could influence the amount of intravenous perfusion administered to the patient. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of ECC on the development of OSA.

This study is designed to evaluate a new approach to the diagnosis of chronic or sub-acute chest pain patients in the out-patient setting. Patients in this study are selected to be "low-risk", meaning they are not having an acute or recent heart attack (AMI), based on screening blood tests and electrocardiograms (EKGs). In addition, these patients have a low or intermediate pre-test likelihood of the coronary artery disease (CAD), which means that probability of the CAD based on the available clinical and historical information, does not make a diagnosis of the CAD a certain clinical diagnosis in the particular patient and this, in turn, requires an additional diagnostic work up.

Background: - Heart disease is the leading cause of death and disabilities in the United States. Diets high in fruits and vegetables may reduce the risk of heart disease. Fruits, including red tart cherries and purple aroniaberries, may be especially beneficial. Researchers want to know how tart cherry and aroniaberry extracts affect heart health. Objective: - To study the benefits of tart cherry and aroniaberry extract on vascular function and other measures. These include inflammation, oxidation, and cholesterol. Eligibility: - Men and post-menopausal women ages 55 70 in good health and with normal or slightly high blood pressure or cholesterol. Design: Participants will be screened with a physical exam, medical history, and blood tests. Participants will have 6 visits. They will have blood taken at every visit. Visit 1: Blood vessel tests. Participants will lie down. Heart rhythm will be monitored. A device will be placed on the upper arm, and pictures of blood vessels will be taken. A blood pressure cuff will be tightened around the lower arm for 5 minutes. Cardio-Ankle-Vascular Index (CAVI). Blood pressure cuffs will be placed on both arms and legs. They will be tightened with air at the same time for a few minutes. Participants will be assigned to one of three groups. For 3 weeks each, in random order, they will take: aroniaberry capsules, tart cherry capsules, placebo capsules, and no capsules. Participants will answer questions online about their eating and exercise. Participants will be keep a record of what they eat for a few periods. They will come for a study visit every 3 weeks through week 15.

To assess changes in coronary calcium measured by electron beam computed tomography (EBCT) as a predictor of coronary heart disease (CHD) events.