Active clinical trials for "COVID-19"

Background: By the end of 2020, the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic resulted in over 84 million cases and nearly 2 million deaths. Continued confinement and restriction are expected to negatively affect mental health, however, some individuals are likely to show much less negative impact than others. The characterization and neurobiological determinants of brain resilience vs vulnerability during the pandemic should generate critical knowledge and open future avenues for individually tailored interventions. Objectives: Identify the individual psychobiological determinants of resilience during COVID-19 pandemic. Conduct a non-invasive brain stimulation intervention to modulate the expression of resilience brain networks. Methods: Barcelona Brain Health Initiative participants will be included, encompassing multiple assessments before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Machine learning techniques will be applied to define brain networks signature of resilience. Subsequently transcranial alternating stimulation will be used during a controlled trial intervention to promote the expression of brain resilience networks. Expected results: The present project should provide critical new knowledge on brain mechanisms underlying resilience and first evidences of the feasibility and impact of modulating brain resilience networks in terms of its effects on mental health of participants.

In light of the rapidly emerging pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 infections, the global population and health care systems are facing unprecedented challenges through the combination of transmission and the potential for severe disease. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has been found with unusual clinical features dominated by substantial alveolar fluid load. It is unknown whether this is primarily caused by endothelial dysfunction leading to capillary leakage or direct virus induced damage. This knowledge gap is significant because the initial balance between fluid management and circulatory support appear to be decisive. On progression of the disease, bacterial superinfection facilitated by inflammation and virus related damage, has been identified as the main factor for patient outcome, but the role of the host versus the environment microbiome remains unclear. The overarching aim of the present research proposal is to improve therapeutic strategies in critically ill patients with ARDS due to SARS-CoV-2 infection by advancing the pathophysiological understanding of this novel disease. This research thus focuses on inflammation, microcirculatory dysfunction and superinfection, aiming to elucidate risk factors (RF) for the development of severe ARDS in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients and contribute to the rationale for therapeutic strategies. The hypotheses are that (I) the primary damage to the lung in SARS-CoV-2 ARDS is mediated through an exaggerated pro-inflammatory response causing primary endothelial dysfunction, and subsequently acting two-fold on the degradation of the lung parenchyma - through the primary cytokine response, and through recruitment of the inflammatory-monocyte-lymphocyte-neutrophil axis. The pronounced inflammation and primary damage to the lung disrupts the pulmonary microbiome, leading secondarily to pulmonary superinfections. (II) Pulmonary bacterial superinfections are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in COVID-19 patients. Pathogen colonization main Risk Factor for lower respiratory tract infections. To establish colonization, pathogens have to interact with the local microbiota (a.k.a. microbiome) and certain microbiome profiles will be more resistant to pathogen invasion. Finally, (III) Handheld devices used in clinical routine are a potential reservoir and carrier of both, SARS-CoV-2, as well as bacteria causing nosocomial pneumonia.

Emergent experimental and anecdotal evidence has indicated that critically ill COVID-19 patients demonstrate two patient sub-types (called phenotypes). In one group the disease progresses slowly and patients have a low potential of developing mild respiratory failure, but in the other group, an exaggerated immune response (hyper-inflammation/cytokine storm) may be linked to the onset of precipitous respiratory failure, termed acute respiratory distress syndrome. This syndrome is responsible for a large portion of COVID-19 associated mortality. Thus, determining links between hyper-inflammation and acute respiratory distress syndrome in COVID-19 patients is of immediate importance. Blood samples will undergo a number of analyses to help us to understand as much as possible about COVID-19. We will also study any differences in physiologic and cytokine levels before and after patients are treated with immunomodulatory therapies as part of clinical care in COVID-19 patients.

Richmond Research Institute (RRI) is applying existing and new COVID-19 PCR and antibody tests to help develop methodologies which provide fast and accurate results. Infection with coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is currently a worldwide pandemic and reliable testing for COVID-19 is crucial to understand who is infected and therefore a risk to others by spreading the infection. RRI are currently carrying out the following tests: A. Using a membrane-based immunoassay to detect IgG and IgM antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in whole blood, serum or plasma specimens helps to assess whether an individual has previously had the virus and is potentially immune B. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) testing using an established method to check for active SARS-CoV-2 infections. C. Quantification of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM antibodies in whole blood samples. The above tests are being used by RRI to follow infections (PCR) and immunity (IgG) in their workforce, as well as their families (including children) and visitors to their site. Collecting this data allows the gathering of epidemiological data on SARS-CoV-2 including incidence, prevalence, information on asymptomatic carriers and efficacy of vaccination. Furthermore, identifying individuals that are infected with SARS-CoV-2 has great potential to improve health outcomes by allowing infected individuals to seek the correct medical treatment as well as self-isolate and reduce transmission.

This is a phase 1/2a study including 2 parts, phase 1 and phase 2a. The phase 1 part is an open-label, single-arm, dose-escalating study to evaluate the safety and explore the dose limiting toxicity and maximum tolerated dose of a human umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stem cell product (BX-U001) in severe COVID-19 pneumonia patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Qualified subjects after the screening will be divided into low, medium, or high dose groups to receive a single intravenous infusion of BX-U001 at the dose of 0.5×10^6, 1.0×10^6, or 1.5×10^6 cells/kg of body weight, respectively. The Phase 2a part is a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial examining the safety and biological effects of BX-U001 at the appropriate dose selected from phase 1 for severe COVID-19 pneumonia patients with the same inclusion/exclusion criteria as the phase 1 part.

There is a lack of knowledge about how many children are infected with SARS-CoV-2, how often they are asymptomatic, and how long the immunity persists. The main purpose of this study is to measure antibodies to SARS-CoV-2, symptoms, and risk factors in a representative cohort of children and adolescents in the canton of Zurich, Switzerland, shortly after re-opening of the school system and thereafter. The study also investigates antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in parents of the children and school personnel.

A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients infected with the Omicron variant of COVID-19 diagnosed from August 2022 to now. Patients were divided into observation groups and control groups according to whether or not oral Lianhua Qingwen granules were used. Through data analysis and follow-up, the effectiveness of Lianhua Qingwen in treating patients infected with the Omicron variant of COVID-19 was discussed.

This is a prospective observational study. In this study, we aim to investigate the effect of a recent past Covid-19 infection on the live birth rate in the frozen embryo transfer cycles

Background: The immune response is how the body recognizes and defends itself against foreign and harmful substances. Researchers want to compare the immune responses between young and older healthy adults after they receive vaccine doses for COVID-19. This research may help to determine whether age impacts cell response to COVID-19 vaccines. Objective: To study the immune response of people who receive Pizer or Moderna COVID-19 vaccines. Eligibility: People aged 18 and older who have not had COVID-19 and who either plan to receive the first dose of a COVID-19 vaccine within the next month or have received at least the first of 2 doses of the vaccine within the last 6 months. Design: Participants will be screened by telephone. Participants will not get the COVID-19 vaccine in this study. They must get it through a vaccine location. Participants who have not yet been vaccinated will have 7 visits. The first 4 visits will occur in the first month before and after each vaccination. The last 3 visits will occur 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years after completed vaccination. Participants who have received at least 1 of 2 doses of the COVID-19 vaccine within the last 6 months will have 3 visits. The first visit will occur within 6 months of receiving the first vaccine dose. The last 2 visits will occur 1 year and 2 years after the first vaccine dose. At visits, participant will review their medical history. Their height, weight, and/or vital signs will be measured. They will give blood samples after fasting. They may give urine samples. They may have a nasal swab test for COVID-19.

The purpose of this study is to assess the safety and reactogenicity of Ad26.COV2.S administered intramuscularly (IM) as a 1-dose schedule at the standard dose level in adult participants during the second and/or third trimester of pregnancy and (potentially) post-partum; to assess the humoral immune response in peripheral blood of adult participants to Ad26.COV2.S administered IM as a 1-dose schedule during the second and/or third trimester of pregnancy, 28 days after vaccination.