Active clinical trials for "Coronavirus Infections"

Background: Viral infections such as COVID-19 may lead to flare-ups in people with systemic autoimmune diseases (SAD). These infections may also change the function of their immune system and/or cause problems with their blood vessels. Researchers want to learn how people with SAD respond to treatments or vaccines for COVID-19. Objective: To understand how COVID-19 affects inflammation, the immune system, and blood vessels in adults and children with autoimmune diseases. Eligibility: People ages 15 and older who have been diagnosed with an autoimmune disease or are a healthy volunteer Design: Participants will have a screening visit. This will include: Medical history and physical exam EKG Chest x-ray COVID-19 test. A swab will be put in the participant s nose or the back of their mouth. Blood and urine tests Participants will be placed into 1 of 4 groups: Those with previously documented COVID-19 infection or COVID vaccination Those with a recently known COVID-19 exposure or vaccination Those with no known COVID-19 exposure or vaccination Those who developed an acute COVID-19 infection Depending on their group, participants will have 1 to 5 more visits. These will occur over 12 to 18 months. Visits may include: FDG PET/CT scan. Participants will lie in a doughnut-shaped machine. The machine creates pictures of the body. For the scan, they will have a radioactive substance injected into their arm through an IV. Kidney function tests Non-invasive vascular studies test. These tests are similar to what it feels like to have blood pressure checked.

Registry intended to provide a data repository and reporting infrastructure for the surveillance of CytoSorb device use in real-world critical care settings, and to serve as an objective, comprehensive, and scientifically-based resource to measure and improve the quality of patient care

Although COVID-19 infects gastrointestinal tissues, little is known about the roles of gut commensal microbes in susceptibility to and severity of infection. The investigators will analyze the alterations in fecal microbiomes of patients with COVID-19 infection during hospitalization.

Modelling repurposed from pandemic influenza is currently informing all strategies for SARS-CoV-2 and the disease COVID-19. A customized disease specific understanding will be important to understand subsequent disease waves, vaccine development and therapeutics. For this reason, ISARIC (the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium) was set up in advance. This focuses on hospitalised and convalescent serum samples to understand severe illness and associated immune response. However, many subjects are seroconverting with mild or even subclinical disease. Information is needed about subclinical infection, the significance of baseline immune status and the earliest immune changes that may occur in mild disease to compare with those of SARS-CoV-2. There is also a need to understand the vulnerability and response to COVID-19 of the NHS workforce of healthcare workers (HCWs). HCW present a cohort with likely higher exposure and seroconversion rates than the general population, but who can be followed up with potential for serial testing enabling an insight into early disease and markers of risk for disease severity. We have set up "COVID-19: Healthcare worker Bioresource: Immune Protection and Pathogenesis in SARS-CoV-2". This urgent fieldwork aims to secure significant (n=400) sampling of healthcare workers (demographics, swabs, blood sampling) at baseline, and weekly whilst they are well and attending work, with acute sampling (if hospitalised, via ISARIC, if their admission hospital is part of the ISARIC network) and convalescent samples post illness. These will be used to address specific questions around the impact of baseline immune function, the earliest immune responses to infection, and the biology of those who get non-hospitalized disease for local research and as a national resource. The proposal links directly with other ongoing ISARIC and community COVID projects sampling in children and the older age population. Reasonable estimates suggest the usable window for baseline sampling of NHS HCW is closing fast (e.g. baseline sampling within 3 weeks).

This study is to establish an accurate, robust and easily scalable COVID-19 viral nucleic acid analysis platform from, but not limited to, saliva to help enable and support contact tracing in the canton of Baselland/ Switzerland. To achieve this, crude ribonucleotide acid (RNA) extraction from saliva is validated in combination with next-generation sequencing (NGS) diagnostics and loop mediated amplification (LAMP) assays as well as point of care test (POCT) for rapid detection of viral antigens on patients' samples.

Following the sudden and unexpected emergence of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 (2009 H1N1) virus, this observational study was initiated to estimate rates of morbidity and mortality and to examine predictors of severity among participants with 2009 H1N1 infection. In 2011, as surveillance indicated that 2009 H1N1 virus was co-circulating with other seasonal influenza A and B viruses worldwide, the protocol was expanded to include other influenza A subtypes and influenza B viruses. The current version of the protocol (released in August 2013) further broadens the scope of this observational study. With the recognition that novel respiratory viruses other than novel influenza A viruses, e.g., Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV), could become prevalent and of major public health importance, the objectives of this protocol have been expanded.

This is a multicenter prospective study that aims to investigate the clinical impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women, pregnancy outcomes and perinatal transmission.

Collection and analysis of demographic, clinical, radiographic and laboratory characteristics of CoViD-19 patients to identify predictors of disease severity, mortality and treatment response, and to identify subgroup of patients that might benefit from specific therapeutic interventions

Infectious disease is the single biggest cause of death worldwide. New infectious agents, such as the SARS, MERS and other novel coronavirus, novel influenza viruses, viruses causing viral haemorrhagic fever (e.g. Ebola), and viruses that affect the central nervous system (CNS) such as TBEV & Nipah require investigation to understand pathogen biology and pathogenesis in the host. Even for known infections, resistance to antimicrobial therapies is widespread, and treatments to control potentially deleterious host responses are lacking. In order to develop a mechanistic understanding of disease processes, such that risk factors for severe illness can be identified and treatments can be developed, it is necessary to understand pathogen characteristics associated with virulence, the replication dynamics and in-host evolution of the pathogen, the dynamics of the host response, the pharmacology of antimicrobial or host-directed therapies, the transmission dynamics, and factors underlying individual susceptibility. The work proposed here may require sampling that will not immediately benefit the participants. It may also require analysis of the host genome, which may reveal other information about disease susceptibility or other aspects of health status.

LIINC is a study of volunteers who were previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 (also known as novel coronavirus or COVID-19) who have recovered from acute infection. The study is designed to provide a specimen bank of samples with carefully characterized clinical data. LIINC specimens will be used to examine multiple questions involving the virologic, immunologic, and host factors involved in COVID-19, with a focus on understanding variability in the long-term immune response between individuals.