High Protein and Energy Diet for Better Coughing in COPD Patients
CopdChronic Obstructive Lung Disease (COPD) is one of the leading death causes worldwide. COPD is a disease that is characterized by chronic inflammation which leads to irreversible damage of airways and lung tissue. This intervention investigates the effects of a diet high in protein and energy for the improvement of coughing capacity and lung function of COPD patients. The patients will be recruited as part of a lung rehabilitating programme which takes place in Bispebjerg and Hvidovre Hospital. The intervention group receives individual nutritional guidelines whereas the control group continues their usual diet. Blood tests will be performed at baseline and the end of the study. Other anthropometric measures include spirometry for lung function, hand grip strength and fat free mass to assess muscle waisting.
The Effect of Lidocaine on Smooth Emergence With Double Lumen Tube
CoughLidocaineCough suppression during emergence and tracheal extubation from general anaesthesia has become an important issue as part of patient safety. Cough arised from the mechanical irritation of endotracheal tube and cuff could be accompanied by various adverse effects such as laryngospasm, hypertension, tachycardia, arrhythmia and increase of intracranial, intraocular, or intra-abdominal pressure. Several cough-preventing strategies have been proposed for smooth emergence, such as opioids, dexmedetomidine or lidocaine. Maintenance of remifentanil infusion during emergence has been reported to be an effective method in reducing cough and cardiovascular change without delay of recovery. In previous studies, the effetive effect-site concentraions for 95% of adults (EC95) for preventing cough are a little different depending on anaestheic agent, type of surgery and sex, ranged from 2.14 to 2.94 ng/ml. However, since most of these studies are for sing lumen endotracheal tube, similar preventing effect would not be expected for double lumen tube (DLT) because of its large diameter and long length. Another problem is higher concentration of remifentanil more than 2.5 ng/ml could not guarantee the safety after extubation. The efficacy of a single IV bolus of lidocaine for the prevention of cough has been the subject of numerous trials. Therefore, combined use of lidocaine and remifentanil could effectively prevent emergence cough for DLT without the risk of high concentration of remifentanil.
Peak Cough Flow and Cough Clearance in Patients With Muscular Dystrophy
Duchenne Muscular DystrophyThis study is to determine whether physiologic measures (peak cough flow, measures of respiratory muscle strength including MIP, MEP ,SNIP, and spirometry) can predict spontaneous cough clearance (as measured by a nuclear medicine study) in children with neuromuscular disease. It will also determine whether airway clearance is augmented by high frequency chest wall oscillation.
Esophageal Motility in Reflux Induced Cough
CoughTo determine whether contraction abnormalities in the esophagus plays a role in gastroesophageal reflux induced cough, and thus cough severity in patients with chronic cough.
Diaphragmatic Function in Stroke Patients.
Paralytic StrokeCoughThis study attempts to elucidate whether stroke patients with dysphagia have reduced diaphragm movement during voluntary coughing, and also during deep inspiration and expiration than stroke patients without dysphagia. This study will also compare various spirometric measurements with the diaphragmatic motions.
The Use of Capsaicin Challenge for Diagnosis, Monitoring and Follow-up of Chronic Cough.
Chronic CoughThe purpose of this study is to determine whether the capsaicin challenge can improve the diagnosis, treatment, monitoring and follow-up in patients with chronic cough.
Psychiatric Disorders in Children With Psychogenic Cough
Psychogenic CoughThe study aims to evaluate psychiatric disorders and clinical features of children with psychogenic cough. Psychiatric disorders are assessed via a semi-structured interview (Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia) and clinical features are investigated via sociodemographic form, which was developped by researchers. Investigator planned to compare psychiatric diagnoses, specifically anxiety and depression, with children referred to pediatric clinics.
Cough Peak Flow for Extubation Prediction
Extubation in ICU PatientsSuccessful weaning from mechanical ventilation in ICU patients depends on patient ability to breathe spontaneously and on cough efficiency. Previous studies found that cough peak flow (CPF) at 60 L/min threshold predicted extubation failure. These studies measured CPF using a dedicated flow-meter that required patient disconnection from the ventilator, limiting the generalizability of this procedure. This study aimed to predict extubation outcome in a consecutive series of patients by measuring CPF from the ventilator flow-meter. CPF measurements were done by freezing ventilator screen and scrolling the cursor to the maximal value of CPF during expiration and Tidal Volume (TV) in preceding inspiration. The objective was to assess the performance of CPF to predict early extubation outcome.
An Observational Study of Cough / Lower Respiratory Tract Infection (LRTI) in Primary Care
CoughLower Respiratory Tract Infection (LRTI)1 moreThe overall objective of GRACE is to combat the resistance of drugs that kill bacteria and other germs (antimicrobial) through integrating centres of research excellence and using the study of the entire DNA in a cell (genomics) to most appropriately investigate and manage community-acquired LRTI. Grace-01 is the first study to be undertaken as part of GRACE and the aims of this study are to describe the presentation, diagnosis, investigation, management and outcomes for people with cough / chest infection in general medical practice in 13 primary care networks in 12 countries in Europe.
Smartphone Enabled Detection of Nocturnal Cough Rate and Sleep Quality as a Prognostic Marker for...
AsthmaCoughThe purpose of the study is to explore the value which cough rate might provide for asthma self-management. In this study, the focus will be specifically on nocturnal cough rate. The plan is to use a longitudinal study design, in order to investigate to which extent trends in the nocturnal cough rates might have meaningful implications for future asthma control and asthma exacerbations of patients. The incidence of nocturnal cough in asthmatics will be described and visualized over the course of one month in the first stage of the study. Additionally, the aim will be to identify and model trends in nocturnal cough rates. Measuring cough is very time-consuming. Currently, there are no cough frequency monitors available, which measure cough rates in a fully automated and unobtrusive way. Consequently, manual labeling of cough based on video or sound recordings is still considered to be the gold standard for measuring cough rates by medical guidelines. Recently, a machine learning algorithm was successfully designed to automatically detect cough in a proof of concept study. This machine learning algorithm will be further developed in order to provide robust results in the field. The focus of this study will be the cough during the night time due to the limited interfering noise, which greatly facilitates manual labeling and enables a more reliable detection rate of the machine learning algorithm. Apart from developing a machine learning algorithm for cough detection, data will be gathered for the assessment of patient's sleep quality based on data obtained from smartphone's sensors.