Active clinical trials for "Cystic Fibrosis"

The purpose of this study is to compare conventional breast imaging and diagnostic work-up (2 dimensional imaging) to digital breast tomosynthesis (3 dimensional imaging) in the appearance of non-calcified breast masses. It is thought that non-calcified breast masses will be better visualized with the new 3D technology.

The purpose of this research is to determine how a person's lungs will uptake [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), as measured with positron emission tomography (PET) scanning in young cystic fibrosis (CF) patients.

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the CF trans-membrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. CF is the most common inherited disease of Caucasians, with a carrier frequency of 1 in 25-30 individuals. Even with the impressive advances achieved in the understanding of the molecular basis and physiopathology of CF, it remains a life-threatening disorder that causes severe lung damage and nutritional deficiencies. It is generally accepted that early therapy could delay the progression of lung disease. A number of non-invasive methods are available to monitor disease activity in CF patients; however none of the currently used tools are able to monitor real-time events. Recently high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) has been used to monitor changes in lung structure. However, HRCT does not allow differentiating between acute and chronic lesions. Positron emission tomography (PET) with 18fluoro-deoxy-glucose (FDG) has already been used in a variety of settings to visualize inflammation or infection. FDG-PET imaging appears to be a promising new tool to quantify inflammation as it can detect clinically relevant changes even when no changes or minimal ones are detected by morphologic imaging. PET/CT may consequently be used to evaluate the severity of lung inflammation/infection in CF patients, and therefore the aim of this study is to evaluate the use of PET/CT for the assessment of the severity of lung inflammation/ infection in CF patients.

The investigators propose to assess the contributions of the thermic effect of food intake (TEF), which is the amount of energy expended to digest food, to overall energy expenditure in Cystic Fibrosis (CF).

This is a crossover study to determine the possible factors that might be related to the development of diabetes in CF and examines the relationship between pancreatic fatigue if any, and the development of diabetes. In addition hormones affecting the release of insulin and stomach motility will be studied to determine if there is a variation in response to solid and liquid meals and if this variation increases as fatigue progresses.

This study will explore the effect of mutation severity on exercise capacity. Through a better understanding of the association between mutation severity and exercise capacity, clinicians will be more able to predict a given patient's level of independent functioning based on their genes, which is essential information that patients' families want to know upon diagnosis.

In contrary to what is seen in FRT cells, rectal organoids of patients with a R334W mutation do respond to CFTR modulators ivacaftor and lumacaftor. The present study will investigate the response to modulators in organoids of 30 patients with CF and a R334W mutation, to allow further stratificaton for a future clinical trial assessing the clinical effect of ivacaftor/tezacaftor in patients with CF and a R334W mutation.

Our specific aims include: AIM 1. Characterization of glucose tolerance, nutritional and clinical status, socioeconomic status, family history of diabetes and genotype in Hispanic CF children compared to Caucasian CF children. Each child will undergo a two-hour oral glucose tolerance test and will be categorized by glucose tolerance according to standards set forth by the 1998 CF Consensus Conference on Diabetes. Nutritional status will be determined by three-day food journals and intake will be compared to energy needs measured by indirect calorimetry. Socio-economic status will be calculated from reported family income and medical insurance coverage. Genotyping will be done at the laboratory of Dr. Arthur Beaudet at Baylor College of Medicine. Clinical status will be measured using modified NIH scores. Family history for both type 1 and type 2 diabetes will be obtained in Spanish by Dr.Vanderwel. This specific aim tests the hypothesis that glucose intolerance /frank CF related diabetes occurs at a younger age in Hispanics than in Caucasians with CF, and is correlated to family history of diabetes and clinical status. AIM 2. Characterization of insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity. Previous studies in adults have described peripheral insulin resistance as a major cause of CF related diabetes, yet studies have not been conducted in children. Studies in adults and children without CF suggest that insulin resistance occurs more frequently in Hispanics. We will measure insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity using the frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) and the minimal model analysis of Bergman, as modified for children. This specific aim tests the hypothesis that Hispanic children with CF have worse peripheral insulin resistance, but similar insulin secretion when compared to Caucasian children with CF. AIM 3. Quantification of post-absorptive gluconeogenesis and whole body protein turnover. Total hepatic glucose production (HGP) will be measured using [6,6-2H2]glucose. We will quantify gluconeogenesis by measurement of the incorporation of 2H into the 2nd, 5th and 6th carbons of glucose following 2H20 administration method of Landau). We will determine whole body protein turnover using the stable isotopes [1-13C]leucine and will measure serum amino acid levels. This specific aim tests the hypothesis that gluconeogenesis and whole body protein turnover are disproportionately higher in Hispanic children and adolescents with CF than in Caucasian CF children.

This is a proof of concept study. The aim of this study is to assess a device measuring rheological properties of human sputum of four populations : 10 patients with Broncho Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) 10 patients with asthma 10 patients with cystic fibrosis 10 healthy volunteers.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) could be a prognostic factor for cystic fibrosis patients.