Active clinical trials for "Delirium"

Delirium is a cognitive disturbance characterized by acute and fluctuating impairment in attention and awareness. Although its incidence in the general surgical population is 2-3%, it has been reported to occur in up to 10-80% of high-risk patient groups. In addition, the occurrence of postoperative delirium is associated with considerably raised morbidity and mortality and increased healthcare resource expenditure. In the general patient population, no prophylactic pharmacologic treatment has shown widespread effectiveness in preventing delirium. Several studies have failed to find a magic pharmacologic bullet for preventing delirium-ketamine, haloperidol, propofol, antipsychotic and benzodiazepine drugs have recently tested without a clear result of its effectiveness. Dexmedetomidine is an attractive pharmacologic option because of its biological plausibility in modifying several known contributors to delirium. Up to investigators' knowledge, there is no study done to compare the effect of infusion of dexmedetomidine and ketofol mixture as prophylactic agents for high-risk patients as elderly patients who undergoing high-risk surgery such as intestinal obstruction surgery against postoperative delirium occurrence.

Postoperative delirium is a complication that should not be underestimated. As it elaborates many complications that could be avoided when an accurate assessment of the risk factors and interventional measures are taken appropriately when needed.

The study has been designed as a prospective randomized clinical trial. Due to the use of a bispectral (BIS) monitor in the interventional arm, the study will not be blinded for the anesthetist. The total planned number of study subjects is 100. Patients will be randomly randomized upon arrival to the operating theatre (using the envelope method) into the interventional arm (BIS monitoring of the depth of general anesthesia), and into the control group (standard management of general anesthesia to minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) 1,0). The target values of the depth of general anesthesia according to BIS are between 40 and 60.

The primary purpose of this research is to determine whether Valproate alone, and in combination with Quetiapine, lowers confusion and agitation in persons with severe Corona Virus Disease (COVID)19 pneumonia during weaning from the breathing machine (ventilator). Though Valproate and Quetiapine are often given to persons with severe confusion with agitation, the purpose of this small research study is specifically for: a) persons infected with COVID 2019 on a ventilator whose agitation is not responding to the usual medications (like dexmedetomidine), and b) to reduce the time persons are treated with dexmedetomidine, which requires continuous close monitoring in an ICU.

This study is a double-blind clinical trial, in pediatric patients aged 1-12 years with physical status ASA (American Society of Anesthesiology) 1 and 2 who underwent eye surgery under general anesthesia using Sevoflurane inhalation agents, in investigator institution during February-May 2019.. There were 64 children obtained by consecutive sampling, who underwent eye surgery in investigator institution during February-May 2019. The subjects then grouped into dexmedetomidine group and midazolam group. Effectiveness was assessed from Emergence Delirium (ED) events, recovery time, and post-premedication desaturation events. Data analysis using Chi Square test and Mann-Whitney test.

Postoperative neurocognitive impairments often occur in elderly patients undergoing anesthesia and non-cardiac surgery, including postoperative delirium (POD) and postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). These disorders are often associated with increased mortality and morbidity, prolonged length of hospital stay, functional and cognitive decline with nursing home or long-term care facility placement. Until now highly effective intervention has not been established yet. As a mitochondrial protective agent, the role of methylene blue(MB) in preventing elderly patients from POD/POCD is unknown.Therefore, investigators design this study to validate its prevention against POD/POCD and the aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of perioperative administration of MB for POD/POCD prevention.

This study is designed to determine and evaluate the optimal BXCL501 starting dose (StartD) that will safely and effectively reduce agitation associated with delirium in ICU patients. This is an ascending adaptive dose study evaluating the safety and efficacy of four potential starting doses of BXCL501 (120 μg, 180 μg, 240 μg, and 300 μg) in reducing agitation levels in adult ICU patients with delirium. For subjects 65 years of age and older, the potential doses will be reduced 50% in line with the Precedex (reference drug) label. The purpose of this clinical trial is to identify an optimally safe and effective BXCL501

Delirium is a common disorder in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients and is associated with serious short- and long-term consequences. This study focuses on a program of standardized nursing and physical therapy interventions to prevent delirium in the ICU, and determines the effect of the program on the number of delirium-coma-free days in 28 days and several secondary outcomes in a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Delirium is a frequently occurred cerebral complication in elderly patients after surgery, and its occurrence is associated with worse outcomes. Sleep disturbances is considered to be one of the most important risk factors of postoperative delirium. Previous studies showed that, for elderly patients admitted to the ICU after surgery, low-dose dexmedetomidine infusion improved the quality of sleep and decreased the incidence of delirium. The investigators hypothesize that, for elderly patients after cancer surgery, dexmedetomidine supplemented analgesia can also decrease the incidence of delirium, possibly by improving sleep quality. The purpose of this multicenter, randomized controlled trial is to investigate the impact of dexmedetomidine supplemented analgesia on the incidence of delirium in elderly patients after cancer surgery.

This randomized clinical trial tests a cognitive reorientation intervention to prevent delirium in the intensive care unit using scripted audio messages, recorded by the patient's family and played at hourly intervals during daytime hours, to provide information about the ICU environment to the patient (the Family Automated Voice Reorientation intervention, FAVoR). The investigators hypothesize that providing ongoing orientation to the ICU environment through recorded audio messages in a voice familiar to the patient will enable the patient to more accurately interpret the environment and reduce risk of delirium. Increasing awareness of daytime by cuing patients during waking hours may also improve day/night orientation, nighttime sleep/rest, and further reduce risk of delirium.