Active clinical trials for "Dementia"

Dementia is a chronic progressive mental disorder that adversely affects higher cortical functions, including cognition and behavior leading up to disability and dependence in daily life activities. It has become a major public health concern because of its increasing prevalence, chronicity, burden for caregivers, and the high personal and financial costs needed for care. Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia, occurring in 5% to 7% of individuals older than 60. In Portugal, Santana et al study estimated that 160 287 people above 60 years had a diagnosis of dementia in 2013 (prevalence of 5,9%).The increasing national and international prevalence of dementia and its associated burden then imparts a high priority on delivering safe and effective treatment options. Currently approved treatments available for the symptomatic management of mild to moderate AD include cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) (donepezil, rivastigmine, and galantamine) and a N-methyl- D-aspartate receptor antagonist (memantine). These drugs are also given off-label for other types of dementia (vascular and mixed dementias), with treatment continuing through advanced disease stages. Given that ChEIs have demonstrated short-term modest stabilization on measures of cognition and global functioning in randomized controlled trials (RCTs), several practice guidelines have proposed ChEIs for the treatment of all stages of AD, with some advocating ChEI discontinuation if tolerability issues arise, or if there is no longer a noticeable clinical benefit. Further studies in this setting are important as patients with severe dementia are more functionally impaired, present with comorbid illnesses, posing a higher risk of polypharmacy. In addition, ChEIs have a potential risk of adverse events including nausea, diarrhea, insomnia, vomiting, muscle cramping, fatigue, and weight loss. Less commonly, ChEI might be associated with rhabdomyolysis, convulsions, falls, syncope, pneumonia and death. Because cognitive and behavioral impairments change during the progressive disease course, the effects of medications may be unpredictable, especially over long durations of treatment. It might be challenging to weigh minimally beneficial effects against predicted harms of continued treatment, considering both patient and caregiver-centered care goals besides less clinically relevant cognitive outcomes. Only a small number of discontinuation RCTs were conducted to date but involved relatively few participants with heterogeneous designs, disease severities and outcomes. As so, clinicians take individualized discontinuation decisions and the only consensual domains are a lack of response and a loss of effectiveness. The present pragmatic clinical trial will compare the efficacy of maintaining pharmacological treatment versus treatment cessation on cognition, behavior, functional disability and quality of life of patients and caregivers, among patients with severe dementia due to AD, with or without small vessel subcortical vascular disease. The investigators will consider other important endpoints besides cognitive functioning including mood, apathy, energy and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Moreover, this trial will try to look for outcomes that engage patients and families in treatment decisions.

A study to determine the safety and efficacy of BXCL501 dosing for episodes of agitation associated with dementia when they occur (given as needed [PRN]), for a maximum of 28 doses within a 12-week treatment period.

The main objective of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of a combined training program of physical exercise and multisensory stimulation (Physiocognitive Integration) in people with mild/moderate cognitive impairment.

The goal of this intervention study is to test whether the educational intervention work well or not on informal caregiver of person with dementia. The main question it aims to answer is does the educational intervention will help to reduce the caregiver burden experience by the informal caregiver. Participants will be given an educational module and short videos that they can refer to gain more knowledge and skills in caring for the person with dementia.

The primary objective of the study is to achieve mass balance recovery of [14C]-radiolabel in urine and feces and to identify and quantify the main elimination pathways of E2027.

This study aims to evaluate the effect of individual reminiscence therapy (RT) on the global cognitive function of people with neurocognitive disorders attending social responses and to evaluate the ability of individually applied reminiscence therapy (RT) to improve overall cognitive function, memory, executive function, mood and quality of life (QoL) of elderly people with neurocognitive impairment attending social responses. It is proposed a multicenter study with an experimental design with randomized controlled repeated measures. Participants in the intervention group will hold two RT sessions per week for three months. Control group participants will maintain their treatment as usual.

The purpose of this study is to determine if a home based physical activity training program for patients with Alzheimer's dementia has effects on clinical and neurobiological parameters.

Evaluation of the safety and tolerability of a 20 mg once daily dose of memantine compared with 10 mg given twice daily in patients with dementia of Alzheimer's type and MMSE range 5-18.

The purpose of this randomized controlled pilot study is to examine the preliminary effectiveness, feasibility, and potential treatment moderators (i.e., behavioral symptoms and spousal relationship status) of a newly developed intervention for individuals with dementia and their family caregivers that combines elements of the established care consultation (CC) approach with additional counseling modules (CC+C). Outcomes for Veterans with dementia and their family caregivers (e.g., depressive symptoms, care-related burden, quality of life, pleasant events, etc.) will be assessed after 6 months of treatment and again at 12 months.

This XanADu Phase II study in mild Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is to assess the safety, tolerability and efficacy of Xanamem™ in subjects with mild dementia due to Alzheimer's Disease. Subjects will be randomized to receive either 10mg once daily Xanamem™ or Placebo at a 1:1 ratio in a double-blinded fashion.