Active clinical trials for "Dental Caries"

Dental decay is an alarming problem in Cree children. The intervention is a behavioural counseling approach called Motivational Interviewing (MI). The dental health of young children in communities whose mothers had a series of MI sessions provided by Cree women will be compared to the dental health of mothers who did not have the intervention.

This feasibility and acceptability study will be conducted at 3 community outreach centers serving an urban, low-income Chinese population. The study will evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of implementing a partnered intervention to improve the oral and general health of low-income, urban Chinese American adults and of using remote data entry into an electronic health record (EHR). The research staff will survey a sample of Chinese American patients screened at each center about their satisfaction with the partnered intervention and about their oral health behaviors. An additional sample selected from providers [dentists and community health workers (CHW)], research staff, New York University (NYU) administrators, site directors, and community advisory board (CAB) members will participate in structured interviews about the partnered intervention. The remote EHR evaluation will include group adaptation sessions and workflow analyses via multiple recorded sessions with research staff, NYU administrators, outreach site directors, and providers (dentists and CHWs). The study will also model knowledge held by these non-patient participants (including CAB members) to evaluate and enhance the partnered intervention during and/or after the feasibility and acceptability study for use in future implementations.

Despite the availability of free health dental service in Sri Lanka, the prevalence and severity of dental caries among 6year old school children stand at a very high level according to the results of national oral health survey in 1983/84, 94/95 and 2002/2003. Professional fluoride varnish application has become popular as variety of studies has found that it is an efficient method in reducing dental caries. The simplicity of its application makes it very suitable and practical for use in dental clinics and outreach dental services, especially in young children. Aim of this study is to evaluate the cost effectiveness of 6 monthly application of sodium fluoride varnish in prevention of dental caries in permanent incisors and molars in children between 6 and 7 years in a suburban setting in Sri Lanka. This will be a double-blind, randomized controlled trial. A sample of school children (6-7 years) will be randomized into varnish and control groups. All the children will receive routine caries preventive measures of oral hygiene instructions, dietary advice and professional cleaning. Children in varnish group will receive fluoride varnish professionally applied after prophylaxis every 6 months. Clinical examinations of all children will be performed at the beginning of the study and 1 year and 2 years later. All the caries at the dentinal level of both groups will be stabilized with temporary restorations at the beginning. During this period, each school will be visited four times at 6-month interval for recruitment, dental examinations, and fluoride varnish applications. Recruited children will be randomly assigned to either a treatment (5% NaF varnish) or a control group. Caries examinations will be conducted using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS). The cost for the dental team's school visits; cost involved in the treatment of dental caries throughout the course of the study in both groups will be evaluated and compared at the end of the study. The sample size is calculated as 160 each arm to detect 5% caries change with 80% power. Analysis The effect of intervention will be measured by number of caries prevented. New caries in the usual care and intervention group will be calculated after the completion of the study. The costs for intervention will be estimated. The costs will be estimated for the dental material, time for human resources and indirect costs.

This is a prospective, single-centre clinical study to monitor caries lesion activity in orthodontic patients with the Calcivis System over a 12 week period. Dentists will identify patients who have had dental appliances in place for a minimum of 12 months and have visible white spot lesions on the anterior surfaces of incisors and / or canines at de-bond. Following de-bond, images of the tooth surface will be taken with the Calcivis System. Presence or absence of elevated luminescence on the images will indicate activity / inactivity. Only patients with at least one tooth identified as active with the Calcivis System will continue in the study and be followed up at 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks de-bond. Images of the active teeth will be taken with the Calcivis System as before, at each follow-up visit. The percentage of teeth showing luminescence using the Calcivis System will be calculated and summarised for all subjects for each post-baseline visit, and additionally by Investigator. This will then be summarised over all subjects for each post-baseline visit.

Poor oral health can greatly impact quality of life and can also impact overall health. For instance, research suggests that poor oral health may be associated with systemic diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, and stroke. Therefore, there is a need to investigate the causes of poor oral health. The idea that athletes may have a propensity for dental caries has been gaining traction. There have been recent reports of high levels of dental caries, dental erosion and periodontal diseases among elite soccer players compared to the general public and in athletes from a wide range of sports. However, to date, no studies have investigated the oral microbiome of athletes. Many factors affect the development of dental caries, including host factors, diet, and the microorganisms present in the oral cavity. More than 700 types of bacterial species have been detected in the oral cavity, and some have been identified to play a significant role in the development of oral disease. Streptococcus mutans is the main species involved in dental decay with various lactobacilli also involved in the disease process. Treponema denticola, Porphyromonas ginigivalis, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans are the main species involved in periodontal disease. It is not currently known if changes in the collective oral microbiome foster or impede the development of these pathogens. Complex microbe-host interactions occur to allow for the progression of oral disease, with host nutrition and hygiene playing a significant role. Endurance athletes widely consume a variety of sport drinks, gels, and energy bars for supplementation of electrolytes and carbohydrates. The consumption of these foods leads to pH drops in the oral cavity and may contribute to tooth erosion and demineralization. Oral disease may also be exacerbated by the fluid and electrolyte deficit that impedes saliva flow during exercise. However, several studies have failed to demonstrate a clear link between sports drinks and an increased risk of dental caries among athletes. Dental caries are caused by microorganisms in the oral cavity. These microbes may be affected by host factors or nutrition in the progression of oral disease. Due to the documented prevalence of dental caries in athletes and the lack of clear connection between sports drinks and dental caries, the investigators propose to investigate any correlation that may exist between exercise and the oral microbiome.

This is a prospective, multi-centre, post-approval clinical study to assess the safety and the performance of the Calcivis Caries Activity Imaging System in aiding the identification of active caries lesions on the occlusal surfaces of human teeth. Following the identification of potential caries lesions by oral examination under ICDAS (International Caries Detection and Assessment System) guidelines, a disclosing solution will be applied which will cause areas of active demineralization (loss of calcium ions) to luminesce - these will be captured with an intra-oral camera to produce mapping images of the tooth surface. For the purposes of this study the presence / absence of luminescence will be used as an indicator of lesion activity / inactivity. The study will be deemed a success if the level of agreement between elevated luminescence with the Calcivis System, and areas of expected lesion activity as rated by the Investigators ICDAS staging, is above 70%, is not due to chance and correlates well with published data on active non-cavitated lesions in molars at various stages of eruption.

Providing child nutrition information is a major goal of every pediatric well-child visit. Unfortunately, due to a wide array of issues, doing this effectively during clinic visits is challenging and insufficient. It is because of this that some have looked for innovative ways to enhance the delivery of this information. One such way is the use of touch screen computer programs containing nutritional information. Several studies have documented the value of patients receiving health information in such a manner. Nonetheless, the use of this medium has not been well studied in Spanish-speaking care providers of young children. The investigators recently conducted a study that evaluated user's perception of the usability of such technology, finding that most users thought that the touchscreen was easy to use, despite their low computer confidence levels. The investigators also evaluated the impact of using nutrition modules on user's nutrition knowledge, finding that immediately after use; participant's nutrition knowledge was improved. I now propose to evaluate this technology further through a 4 armed randomized controlled trial. The goal here is to evaluate the longer term impact of the educational modules on nutrition knowledge and the impact, if any, of additional web access to the modules, on longer term knowledge. A secondary goal is to better understand nutritional habits in this population and perceptions of weight.

This project aims to evaluate the relative efficacy of a peer-led intervention based on the Social Cognitive Theory and Health Belief Model versus the control (only pamphlet delivery) on increasing the prevalence of healthy oral behaviors and oral health status among adolescents in Hong Kong. A two-arm non-blinded randomized controlled trial will be conducted among random samples of adolescents enrolling in secondary schools in Hong Kong. In addition to a baseline survey, two follow-up evaluative surveys will be conducted at months 6 and 12. Survey questionnaires will be conducted to participants at three time points (baseline, 6-, 12-month follow-up). Dental check-up examinations will be evaluated at two time points (baseline, 6-month follow-up). Repeated measures will be used to record participants' background, oral behaviors, theory based cognition, and potential confounders. Validated scales will be used. DMFT, plaque index and CPI index will be used to assess the oral health status of participants.

This is an investigator initiated randomized double-blind pilot study at the UCSF Pediatric Dental Clinics to compare effectiveness of a new toothpaste Livionex Dental Gel with a standard children's toothpaste containing 1500 ppm fluoride in reducing dental plaque and caries in healthy and well children every 3 months for up to 12 months.

Jordanian children have very poor oral hygiene parameters, and this is reflected as very high caries prevalence and poor gingival health conditions. This study will focus on children at social homes in the community in order to establish a baseline reference about their oral health status, treatment needs, and barriers to dental care. Also, to report the efficacy of oral health education using audio-visual aids and frequent motivation on oral health status, treatment needs and barriers to care among children at social homes in Jordan.