Active clinical trials for "Developmental Disabilities"

The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of a 12-week early intervention program that will include 12 weekly hours in an intensive center-based preschool environment or in the home to treat social communication deficits in children with developmental disorders. The study will include children with developmental disorders, such as Autism Spectrum Disorder, neurogenetic disorders, or intellectual disability.

Participation in community activities allows children to meet friends, learns new skills, fosters independence, and paves the foundation for lifelong health. High rates of community participation restriction have been reported in children with developmental disabilities who are aged six years or below, a critical developmental period. Occupational Performance Coaching (OPC), grounded in self-determination theory, is aimed to facilitate children's participation in life situations through coaching parents. Studies have shown that OPC is effective to promote children's activity participation. However, there have been limited randomized controlled trials demonstrating the efficacy of OPC, especially with the specific focus on children's community participation. The investigators propose to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of conducting a pilot randomized controlled trial of OPC for parents of preschool children with developmental disabilities in Hong Kong, and to test its initial efficacy on promoting children's community participation.

This is a clinical trial of a novel intervention, Behavioral Therapy for Irritability and Aggression (BTIA), for adolescents on the autism spectrum. The main goals of BTIA are to help adolescents develop emotion regulation skills to handle frustration and to strengthen skills for navigating the challenging and diverse experiences associated with the transition to adulthood. The study will test whether BTIA can be helpful to adolescents on the autism spectrum and to their families.

Background: Parents with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) have a tendency to provide insufficient caregiving and often need parenting support to prevent neglect and child removal. However, parents with IDDs are not provided with appropriate support, and there is a lack of evidence-based programmes tailored to these parents' needs. Parenting Young Children (PYC) is a home-based parenting programme developed for parents with IDDs. PYC has shown promising clinical results in interview-based studies, but there is no evidence of its effectiveness. The purpose of the proposed study is to evaluate the PYC programme for improving parenting in parents with IDDs where there is risk of child neglect. The study will include a quantitative evaluation, a process evaluation, and a qualitative evaluation of the children's and parents' perspectives on participating in PYC. Methods: The quantitative evaluation will have a multi-centre, non-randomised, comparative study design. Eligible for participation are parents with IDDs who have children aged 0-9 years living at home and who are assessed as needing tailored parenting support. Thirty parents receiving PYC and thirty parents receiving treatment as usual (TAU) will be recruited from Swedish municipal social services. Outcome variables will be examined before and after the intervention, with a follow-up 6 months after completing the intervention. The primary outcome will be goal-attainment in parenting skills, and secondary outcomes will be parental self-efficacy and children's wellbeing. Interview methods will be used to explore the perspectives of parents and children in the PYC group. Discussion: This study is motivated by the need for evidence-based support for parents with IDDs, and it focuses on upholding the centrality of child-caregiver relationships and family preservation, as well as children's rights and the rights of people with disabilities. Social services have expressed ethical concerns with employing a randomized design for this vulnerable group, and this study will therefore evaluate PYC in a non-randomized comparative study.

The purpose of the present study is to develop and evaluate the Technology Early Career Preparation Intervention (TECH-Prep) program with African American high school students with developmental disabilities. Developmental disabilities include conditions such as Autism spectrum disorders, seizure disorders, behavior disorders, brain injury, cerebral palsy, Down syndrome, and fetal alcohol syndrome/effects. This program is designed to increase technology career interests, self-efficacy, outcome expectancy, goal persistence, and increase entrance into post-secondary education or work subsequent to high school completion of African American youth with developmental disabilities.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of a written language intervention using functional texts for young adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities.

Roughly 40% of those with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) have mental health needs, which is twice the national average. Nevertheless, there is dearth of evidenced-based mental health treatment for youth and young adults with IDD. The disparity in access to mental health care places those with IDD at greater risk of crisis service use. While telemental health studies demonstrate potential to enhance access to care, little of this research includes those with IDD, or crisis prevention and intervention. This project will refine and evaluate telemental health services for youth and young adults with IDD delivered within START (Systemic, Therapeutic, Assessment, Resources, and Treatment), a national, evidence-based model of crisis prevention and intervention for people with IDD. The study will begin with stakeholder feedback (service recipients, families, and providers) regarding telemental health services (Aim 1). Results will be used to refine the intervention. Our team will then compare telemental health versus in-person START services in a randomized control trial (Aim 2). To our knowledge, this will be the first trial of a telemental health crisis program for the IDD population. The final goal is to understand if outcomes vary across subpopulations (Aim 3) and to identify potential disparities. If found, the investigators will work with service users, families and providers to develop a strategy to address identified disparities in outcomes. The study will be executed by an interdisciplinary team of experts engaged with stakeholder partners. Understanding the benefits of specific telemental health methods has important implications to the design of interventions, within and outside of START. This telemental health study offers promise to address disparities in access to mental health care for people with IDD.

Cognitive impairment is independently related to low birth weight, low birth length and small head circumference. SGA children who have not experienced height and / or head circumference catch-up have the worst cognitive function. The serum IGF-1 level of short SGA children is significantly lower than that of catch-up SGA children. This may be due to the defect of GH-IGF-1 axis, resulting in some hGH / IGF-1 deficiency. GH treatment can induce catch-up growth of head circumference, especially for those with small birth head circumference, growth hormone can help to improve IQ, behavior and self cognition of children with SGA. Two years after birth is the most critical period for children's physical, neurological, cognitive and emotional development. This study evaluated the effect of growth hormone treatment on the improvement of cognitive function and growth and development of symmetrical SGA children who did not show catch-up growth from 6 months to 2 years old. This is an innovative study. The minimum age of previous similar studies is 19 months. The starting age of this study is 6 months, and the results are to improve the cognitive development of SGA infants. This is the first of its kind. Although the safety of growth hormone in SGA infants younger than 2 years old has not been reported, it is based on a number of studies on the application of growth hormone in infants, such as PWS and GHD, It can be expected that there will be no short-term and long-term adverse reactions. The study was conducted in 17 hospitals led by Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of science and technology

Over 7 million children in the U.S. receive support for a developmental delay or disability (DD). For caregivers of these children, behavior issues that often accompany their child's condition create high levels of stress leading to increased mental and physical health issues and impacts on caregiver-child interactions and family functioning. Although evidence-based practices exist to help caregivers with their child's behavioral development, access to these services is often limited by rigid delivery models requiring in-person visits that can delay support and further increase the burden on families. These barriers are disproportionately higher for families of color and for those in low resource situations: an effect that has been exacerbated by reductions in services due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The overall objective of this project is to develop and implement a telehealth delivery model of rapid-response, evidence-based behavioral support to be provided in conjunction with an existing family navigation program (Undivided) serving parents of children with DD to create a commercially marketable product that will reduce barriers to services in local communities across the country. This project will test the feasibility and acceptability of the Family Advice Text and Telephone (FASTT) support service for caregivers of young children. This Phase 1 application will enable a collaborative process to adapt evidence-based behavioral support to the specific needs of families of children ages birth to 12 with DD and integrate that support within the existing family navigation service. The rationale for the work is that providing effective, personalized support through the widely accessible mediums of text and telephone will get caregivers the help they need when and where they have time to access it and close in time to the behavioral issues they need help with, thus reducing caregiver stress and increasing their sense of competence and positive interactions with their child. Aim 1 determines the feasibility of delivering evidence-based behavioral support to caregivers of children with disabilities using on-demand text messaging. Aim 2 gauges the acceptability of the text-based support service to caregivers. Aim 3 assesses the extent to which text-based support reduces caregiver stress, improves caregiver sense of competence, and builds more positive perceptions of their child's behavior and their relationship with their child.

The purpose of this study is to investigate neurocognitive mechanisms underlying response to intervention aimed at enhancing, and remediating weaknesses in, numerical skills in children, including those with mathematical learning disabilities (MLD).