Active clinical trials for "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2"

The proposed research is an innovative adaptation of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Diabetes Prevention Program "Power to Prevent" program, which will be developed and piloted in the low-income peri-urban neighborhoods of Bamako, Mali. This program is well-suited to delivery by the city's community health workers already supporting families in improving maternal and child health outcomes. First, it will use participatory research methods to engage them and community residents in making adaptations to the community health worker's guidelines and tools for recommended activities so that they are linguistically and culturally appropriate, including guidelines for food consumption using locally available foods. These adaptations will use more graphics and photographs, so they are appropriate for low-literacy participants. Second, another key innovation is the explicit orientation to couples, where only one may have a diagnosed cardiovascular disease. This adaptation will provide tools the women can use in negotiating for changes to the family's meals and her daily routine. Third, investigators will conduct a comparative effectiveness study at 6 community health centers with high rates of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD), recruiting adults recently diagnosed with diabetes or hypertension. Based on the random allocation of their community health center, participants will be assigned to one of three groups of 150 each: Couples, with at least one meeting the eligibility criteria; Individuals, men and women, both eligible; Comparison, men and women with CVD. Trained community health workers and diabetic peer educators will use the adapted Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) materials with the Couples and Individuals groups over a period of 6 months. At the conclusion of this pilot investigators will assess the levels of adoption of recommended cardiovascular risk reduction behaviors and changes in obesity, hypertension, and diabetes control, comparing differences in outcomes between the three groups. It will enable Mali to incorporate diabetes and hypertension risk reduction into their already deployed networks of community health workers. The Malian DPP adaptation will also be suitable for Francophone West Africa, where customs and lifestyles are similar among the millions of families confronting the burdens of cardiovascular disease.

The number of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) continuing to rise, this pandemic is expected to reach 700 million people by 2045. T2DM is a metabolic condition characterized by progressive insulin resistance and chronic hyperglycemia (high blood glucose concentrations). Hyperglycaemia increases the risk of both micro- and macrovascular damage, whilst interventions that reduce blood glucose mitigate this risk. Weight loss, achieved through exercise and dietary modification, is effective at reducing hyperglycaemia. However, despite the clear benefits of exercise and weight loss, diverse psychological, sociological and logistical factors can make it difficult for some individuals with T2DM to initiate, or adhere to, these lifestyle interventions. Alternative approaches to treatment are therefore required. The purpose of this research project is to investigate whether 10-days of overnight exposure to moderate hypoxia is effective at improving blood glucose control in individuals with T2DM and to provide insight into the physiological mechanisms responsible for any beneficial effects.

The main purpose of this study is to learn about the side effects of LY3502970 when given to Japanese participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Blood tests will be performed to investigate how the body processes the study drug and how the study drug affects the body. For each participant, the study will last up to 24 weeks, inclusive of screening and will include 10 visits to the study center.

This study aimed to examine the effect of mobile phone-based distance video education given to individuals with type 2 diabetes on metabolic variables and cognitive-social factors. This study is a randomized controlled trial.

The objective of this study is to test the hypothesis that liraglutide (commonly known as Victoza) can promote an anti-inflammatory macrophage phenotype in human adipose tissue and blood, thereby reducing localized and systemic inflammation which are risk factors for cardiovascular disease and may contribute to hyperglycemia. This will be done after 4 weeks of treatment during which weight will remain stable, and again after 12 weeks, during which liraglutide-related weight loss occurs.

The aim of this study was to investigate and correlate the glucose responses and VFC 24 hours after resistance exercise (RE) sessions at different intensities in women with type 2 diabetes (DM-2). Twelve women with DM-2 were invited to perform by one week in randomized order, two weeks interventions with experimental sessions: Session Control (CONT) without conducting RE, RE session (40% or 80% of one maximum repetition - 1RM) on day 2 and day 3 was observed the effect of the length of RE session by 11h. After that, initiated the experimental sessions, where after each of the analysis of glucose 24h by continuous monitoring system of glucose was performed, considering breakfast, lunch, dinner and sleep, and analysis performed of the RR series by a period of 48h. During control sessions, the subjects were seated comfortably for 40min and RE sessions, 40%1RM and 80%1RM, were performed in medium circuit 3 sets with 16 and 8 replications and recovery range between 60 exercises and 90seg , respectively, and between the circuits 120sec. It was observed that the concentration of glucose in the period of 24h after the session has been reduced to 40% 1RM vs. CONT and 80%1RM. Hyperglycemia was prevalent in the period 34h of the sessions CONT and 80%1RM, respectively , being different from the session 40%1RM. In postprandial times, shorter hyperglycemia was found in the session to 40% 1RM vs. CONT and 80% 1RM after breakfast, lunch and dinner. At the time of sleep, less time in hyperglycemia was found between sessions of 40% 1RM vs. 80% 1RM. Significant correlations (p <0.01) were found between glucose 24h with cardiac autonomic RRi variables, HF, LF and reason LF:HF.

Maturity-onset diabetes of youth (MODY) are the most frequent monogenic diabetes with autosomic dominant inheritance (2% of diabetes). The MODY2 diabetes is related to a defect in the glucokinase (GCK) enzyme, the first limiting step of insulin secretion. An abnormal GCK leads to a delayed insulin secretion. Patients with GCK mutations have only mild raised fasting plasma glucose. Treatment is usually unnecessary since hyperglycemia is stable and MODY2 patients have no microvascular complications of diabetes. In contrast, pregnancy in MODY2 women is a challenging situation. A non-mutated fetus will produce excess insulin in response to raised maternal blood glucose leading to an accelerated growth and a higher risk of macrosomia. The mother of non-mutated fetus should therefore be treated to normalize her blood glucose levels. On contrary, a mutated fetus will produce a delayed insulin secretion (as his MODY2 mother) in response to maternal hyperglycemia. Consequently insulin therapy during pregnancy would reduce fetal insulin secretion and result in a low birth weight. Moreover, insulin therapy exposes pregnant women to more labor induction, prematurity and cesarean deliveries. In these MODY2 women whose glucose set point is physiologically higher, glycemic goals are difficult to achieve while often requiring extensive insulin therapy. An optimal situation would consist in initiating insulin therapy only for women with non-mutated offsprings. Unfortunately no antenatal diagnosis of the GCK mutation on fetal cells is available yet. In literature, birth weight differences between mutated and non-mutated neonates may reach up to 700g. In clinical practice, two strategies are used but without standardized protocol on glycemic targets, delay and doses of insulin : 1) insulin at diagnosis of pregnancy 2) treatment based on fetal abdominal circumference and fetal weight measurements by ultrasonography (US) and initiated if fetal biometry is greater than the 75th percentile. The purpose of the study is to evaluate for the first time these two management strategies through a prospective and standardized study. Hypothesis: US assessment would be sufficient to identify fetuses at risk of macrosomia and to initiate insulin treatment in mothers.

It's a community-based parallel-arm cluster Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT). An interactive mobile health management system will be developed to support lay family health promoters and healthcare staff to improve clinical outcomes for family members with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). 2,000 participants from 80 sites will be chosen from urban (40 communities) and rural (40 villages) settings in Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province.

Background: Dedicated renal hemodynamic and renal function studies are lacking for DPP-4 inhibitors in patients with Type 2 diabetes; accordingly little is known regarding the mechanisms mediating the renal effects of DPP-4 inhibitors in humans. Objectives: To evaluate the effect of DPP-4 inhibition acutely (single dose) and following short-term therapy (28 days) on renal sodium handling and renal hemodynamics and function in patients with type 2 diabetes and systolic hypertension. Design: double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, Phase IV. Patient population: 32 patients with Type 2 diabetes, HbA1c (6.5%-9%), with systolic blood pressure ranging from 120-160 mmHg. Intervention: subjects will be randomized (1:1) to either sitagliptin (100 mg daily) or to placebo (1 tablet daily) for 28 days. Endpoints: Fractional excretion of sodium, renal function, and renal hemodynamics.

Endothelial dysfunction of conduit arteries plays an important role in the development of cardiovascular complications associated with type 2 diabetes. In order to propose targeted therapeutic approaches, this study aim to determine the mechanisms involved in endothelial dysfunction of conduit arteries in these patients.