Active clinical trials for "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2"

It has been suggested that imbalance between TCA-cycle flux and β-oxidation may underlie insulin resistance, a predisposing factor for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Acetylcarnitine concentration is suggested to be a marker of such imbalance. It is expected that when TCA-cycle capacity is high (a high oxidative capacity), less acetylcarnitine will accumulate, because of an improved balance between supply and demand of lipids. The major research objective is to examine if acute exercise results in a more pronounced increase in acetylcarnitine concentration in sedentary subjects compared to endurance-trained subjects and if the exercise-induced increase in acetylcarnitine is restored more quickly in endurance-trained subjects when compared to sedentary subjects. The investigators hypothesize that the increase in acetylcarnitine levels will be lower in trained subjects when compared to sedentary subjects, due to a better balance between lipid supply and utilization by the TCA-cycle. Furthermore it is expected that acetylcarnitine concentrations will be restored faster in these trained subjects, because of a tighter regulation of influx of fatty acids. To test this hypothesis the investigators want to compare the acetylcarnitine response to exercise in a group of sedentary subjects and a group of endurance trained subjects. This response will be measured for 30 minutes after exercise with the use of 1H-MRS.

The purpose of this study is to establish the effect of ET blockade on vascular adaptations during an 8-week exercise program in subjects with T2DM. We hypothesize that combining ET - blockade with exercise training leads to an acute increase of exercise induced blood flow when compared with exercise alone. We expect that this will lead to an optimization of vascular training effect in T2DM.

Diacylglycerol oil has been shown to lower postprandial and fasting serum triacylglycerol levels and reduce body fat. The investigators hypothesize that replacing dietary fat with diacylglycerol oil reduces excess body fat in type 2 diabetic patients and that diacylglycerol oil has a beneficial effect on cardiovascular risk factors in Chinese type 2 diabetic patients.

This study compared the effects of delayed-release metformin (Met DR, EFB0027) administered once daily in the morning (qAM), administered once daily in the evening (qPM), and administered twice daily (BID) on circulating glucose concentrations and metformin pharmacokinetics (PK) in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Obesity is a worldwide problem and leads to multiple metabolic and endocrinological problems. Bariatric surgeries are a growing field as a treatment choice for morbid obesity (BMI > 35 kg/m2). Clinical and research evidence shows that shortly after RYGB, T2DM resolves with improving glucose tolerance. Foregut hypothesis behind bariatric surgeries postulate, that bypassed portions of intestine contain a substance, that acts as an anti-incretin, ie. to counteract metabolically favourable incretins. In view of the recent studies, it may be that GIP is really the anti-incretin behind this hypothesis. The current study is conducted to investigate the vasoactive roles of the GIP. The investigators aim to show that GIP is the major contributor to the blood flow and tissue blood volume observed in postprandial state.

The study objectives are: To compare cardiovascular function in type 2 diabetes patients vs. healthy controls. To compare the effect of 8 weeks of aerobic interval training versus continuous moderate exercise on cardiovascular function in adults with type 2 diabetes. To examine the mechanisms underlying the exercise-related changes in cardiovascular function. The investigators hypothesize that compared to continuous moderate intensity exercise training, interval training will be more effective in improving cardiovascular function in adults with type 2 diabetes.

This is a randomized, open label, cross-over, two-period, pilot study in healthy adult subjects to evaluate the bioequivalence between formulation 2 and formulation 3 of MEDI0382 after a single subcutaneous (SC) dose. The study will be conducted at a single US center. Each subject will be randomized to receive a single 100 μg (or equimolar equivalent) SC dose of both formulation 2 and 3 of MEDI0382 on two different in-house periods separated by a washout period of 7 days. Formulation 3 of MEDI0382 has not been administered to humans previously. Blood samples for PK analyses of MEDI0382 concentrations will be taken predose and at 11 time points up to 48 hours after dosing (Days 3 and 12). Bedside plasma glucose levels will be monitored before meals and at bedtime during Days 1 and 10 and will be measured prior to breakfast on Days 2 and 11.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of BKR-013 on average daily glucose (ADG) levels in type 2 diabetes (T2D) subjects during 28 days of either placebo or active test product administration. Subjects will serve as their own controls in this crossover design, and ADG will be compared while a subject is on active test product versus while they received placebo test product.

The current study aims to investigate the effects of two GI diets (low vs. high GI) in a sample (25 participants) that has diet controlled type 2 diabetes. This sample has been chosen as those with diabetes have been shown to suffer with poor glucose tolerance, along with the associated deficits such as compromised cognitive function. Therefore, it is expected that differences produced by the two diets on blood glucose concentrations and cognitive performance will be greater than those previously seen. If this is the case after analyzing the results, it will provide a potential strategy (diet) for improving glucose tolerance and cognitive performance in a vulnerable section of the population.

Recent epidemiological studies show that egg consumption is associated with insulin resistance and altered glycemic control. For this study, the investigators hypothesize that this association is due to dietary patterns associated with egg consumption, such as saturated fat, and not the consumption of eggs per se. This study will be conducted in two parts that will be conducted simultaneously. Part I will utilize an ecological momentary assessment approach in which dietary patterns associated with egg intake will be determined using an objective measurement of food intake called remote food photography method. In Part II, a randomized partial crossover study will be conducted on the same sample of subjects to test the effects of egg consumption, saturated fat consumption, and consumption of the combination of eggs and saturated fat on glucose, insulin, and hunger and satiety hormone levels.