Active clinical trials for "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2"

Diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Substantial clinical and experimental evidence suggest that both diabetes and insulin resistance cause a combination of endothelial dysfunctions, which may diminish the anti-atherogenic role of the vascular endothelium. Therefore, in patients with diabetes or insulin resistance, endothelial dysfunction may be a critical early target for preventing atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. It has been implicated as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and premature cardiovascular mortality for patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, as well as for patients with essential hypertension. A complete biochemical understanding of the mechanisms by which hyperglycemia causes vascular functional and structural changes associated with the diabetic milieu still eludes us. In recent years, the numerous biochemical and metabolic pathways postulated to have a causal role in the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular disease have been distilled into several unifying hypotheses. The role of chronic hyperglycemia in the development of diabetic microvascular complications and in neuropathy has been clearly established. However, the biochemical or cellular links between elevated blood glucose levels, and the vascular lesions remain incompletely understood. A number of trials have demonstrated that statins therapy as well as angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors is associated with improvements in endothelial function in diabetes. Although antioxidants provide short-term improvement of endothelial function in humans, all studies of the effectiveness of preventive antioxidant therapy have been disappointing. Actually, control of hyperglycemia thus remains the best way to improve endothelial function and to prevent atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular complications of diabetes.

Focusing on newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes participants with overweight and obesity (24kg/m2 ≤ body mass index ≤ 30kg/m2). 50 participants per arm (acarbose & lifestyle combination / vildagliptin & lifestyle combination), using abdominal computed tomography scans and other methods to evaluate the effects of acarbose and vildagliptin on visceral fat distribution in overweight and obesity patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.

The purpose of the study is to investigate the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics and safety of SHR3824 in Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Renal Insufficient.

Efficacy and Safety of Lobeglitazone versus Sitagliptin in inadequately controlled by Metformin alone Type 2 Diabetes mellitus Patients with Metabolic syndrome.

Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are major global health concerns as they commonly co-occur and are associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and health care expenditures. The Indigenous (First Nations, Metis and Inuit) population bears a disproportionate burden of T2DM in Canada. The prevalence of obesity among Indigenous individuals is approximately 31.2% compared to 18.6% for the non-Indigenous population. In 2011, 16.7% of Manitoba's population, or four times the Canadian average, identified as Indigenous. At the same time, prevalence of T2DM in Manitoba is on the rise. Bariatric surgery is an effective treatment modality for the improvement and resolution of T2DM in patients who are obese. We aim to compare the effectiveness of bariatric surgery with conventional medical treatment in treating metabolic diseases in Indigenous people; the findings of which will assist in future treatment and program planning. Our objective is to determine whether Manitoba's urban Indigenous population will achieve better diabetic control and improved rates of remission of T2DM with bariatric surgery compared to best diabetic medical care.

Plant derived compounds, e.g. flavonoids from dark chocolate, green tea, or blueberries, show great potential as nutraceuticals for the treatment of various diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). Flavonoids have been suggested to improve glucose metabolism, reduce blood lipids, reduce oxidative stress and improve vascular function. For these reasons we recently investigated the effects of daily consumption of locally produced blueberry tea and demonstrated that this could partially restore insulin sensitivity in an animal model. We propose to translate these findings to assess the efficacy of this nutraceutical as a new treatment for improving glucose tolerance in people with T2D.

With the improvement of living level, the incidence rates of diabetes, obesity, and hypertension in China increased quickly, which are 11.6%, 7.1% and 18.8% respectively, according to the newly investigated data. The clustering of diabetes, obesity, hypertension and dyslipidemia increases the risk of cardiovascular events for patients. GLP-1 (glucagon like peptide-1) is a kind of incretin discovered in recent years. It was reported that beside its hypoglycemic and losing weight effects, activator of GLP-1 receptor could decrease blood pressure and improve lipid metabolism. Sleeve gastrectomy can improve the level of blood glucose and serum lipid of type 2 diabetic rats by ameliorate insulin level and insulin resistance, which may be related with the change of gastrointestinal hormones such as ghrelin and GLP-1. So, intervention of gastrointestinal tract and gastrointestinal hormone secretion may be a new therapy for glycolipids disorder and vascular complications. But, it is lack of evidence-based medicine proof on the relationship between prokinetic drug and glycolipids metabolism. So, the investigators designed a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo control study, and try to evaluate the effects of prokinetic drug (Mosapride) on the blood glucose and serum lipid in type 2 diabetic patients.

The loop duodenal switch (L-DS) is a single-anastomosis biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch (BPD-DS) procedure. The original BPD-DS has two-anastomosis and is an accepted and approved bariatric procedure by the American Society of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery. Preliminary data from Sanchez-Pernaute et al. (2013) indicates that the L-DS procedure is safer and easier to perform as it only requires one anastomosis compared to the BPD-DS, and offers good results for treatment of both morbid obesity and its metabolic comorbidities, including type-2 diabetes mellitus. However, the initial publications of the loop DS still resulted in a small number of patients with total protein malnutrition. For this reason, the investigators will study the loop DS with a modification of the originally published technique with a longer common channel limb (300 cm) to reduce the risk of protein malnutrition For patients with a BMI >50, many are limited to just a sleeve gastrectomy as other bariatric procedures are technically challenging with increased operative risk. A loop duodenal switch may be a safer operation with improved weight loss for the super-morbidly obese patient.

The purpose of this study is to obtain information on PK/PD, efficacy and safety of SHR3824 over 12 weeks in Chinese patients with Type 2 Diabetes. This will be done by comparing the effect of SHR3824 to placebo when given in oral doses.

The aim of the study is to observe patients with Type 2 Diabetes on basal insulin alone or basal insulin with oral agents can be efficiently and safely started with meal time insulin using U100 rapid acting insulin analog and V-Go® Disposable Insulin Delivery Device (V-Go) using one of two dose titration algorithms to achieve improved A1C at 4 months.