Active clinical trials for "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2"

The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of sole sensation on peripheral muscle strength, functional capacity, balance and physical activity level in individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

The goal of this observational study is to compare usual care to a community-based primary care program (having components of treatment decisions based on clinical guidelines, self-management education, community health workers, and free health care visits and medications) in low-income Peruvians with type 2 diabetes and/or hypertension. The main question[s] it aims to answer are: Compared to pre-program usual care, does the program result in greater benefits, measured as greater proportions of patients with glucose and blood pressure control or maximal quantities and doses of medications? Are there greater benefits when the program was provided at home compared to when the program was provided in a clinic? Does longer participation in the program result in greater benefits? Participants will participate in: Self-management education provided by community health workers. Monitoring of healthy behaviors and glucose, blood pressure, and weight. Receipt of free medications for blood pressure, glucose, and heart disease prevention.

The purpose of this study is to measure how often low blood sugars occur in people who live with both adrenal insufficiency (AI) and diabetes and need to take insulin. People who live with AI need to take steroid replacement tablets every day, for life. Two of the most common types of steroid replacement tablets are called prednisolone and hydrocortisone. Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) is a very common side effect of taking insulin and can often be unpleasant, frightening and dangerous. People who have adrenal failure are also at risk of hypoglycaemia, although this is rare. It is not known whether taking steroids affects how often hypoglycaemia happens. The study has three aims: To measure how often low blood sugars occur at night in people who live with with both adrenal insufficiency (AI) and insulin-treated diabetes To compare how often low blood sugars occur in people taking prednisolone for their AI versus those taking hydrocortisone. To compare the patterns throughout the day for low blood sugars in those taking prednisolone versus those taking hydrocortisone. The study will compare this information with results in people who have AI without diabetes. Participants will be given continuous glucose monitoring systems (Dexcom G6 devices) which are small wearable devices that measure glucose levels throughout the day and night. They will be asked to wear a device for 30 days. Participants will not be asked to make any changes to their usual medications or their diet.

A qualitative study conducted in 2018 Exploring socio-cultural factors impacting adherence to type 2 diabetes therapy in rural Sargodha featured respondents who were primarily doctors, patients, and. Diet, exercise, and smoking were all variables. The void we investigators will fill will be comprised of several professionals assessing sleep and sedentary lifestyle. A book on anthropology published in 2021 shows the gap are still the same about sedentary life style. The investigators aim to determine lifestyle practices in relation to sedentary behaviour in different occupations & comparing which profession is prone to chronic diseases in accordance to lifestyle practices

Neuropathy is a frequently observed complication occurring in 60-70% of diabetic patients throughout their lives. In addition, neuropathy is a severe disease that progresses insidiously; its diagnosis can be delayed due to the absence of clinical findings, affects the quality of life, and increases mortality and morbidity. Up to 50% of patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) may be asymptomatic. Typically, DPN progresses in the form of chronic, symmetrical, and progressive sensorimotor polyneuropathy. The five-year mortality rate of individuals with diabetes with autonomic neuropathy is three times higher than those without. The diagnosis of clinical neuropathy is usually made by the symptoms, the vibration sensation with the diapason, and the tactile sensation tests. Although diapason and monofilament tests are easy, they are qualitative tests that the patient must be careful and coordinate with. Biothesiometry or Semmes-Weinstein monofilament tests cannot examine autonomous involvement. Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy tests based on heart rate variability (HRV), on the other hand, can be affected by factors such as age, body position, cigarette-coffee consumption, blood pressure, exercise, heart rate, and respiratory rate. An easy and fast diagnostic method may be more helpful in diagnosing peripheral and autonomic neuropathy. Distal small-fiber polyneuropathy can be detected by measuring sweat function using Sudoscan, a rapid, non-invasive, and quantitative method. This measurement method is based on the electrochemical reaction between sweat chlorides and stainless steel electrodes that come into contact with the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. Results are provided as a Diabetic Autonomic Neuropathy (DAN) score based on conductances (micro siemens, μS) and conductivity values for the hands and feet (right and left sides). SUDOSCAN can detect distal small-fiber polyneuropathy with >75% sensitivity. SUDOSCAN can be considered a robust method for detecting sudomotor dysfunction and is used for clinical and research purposes. In the American Diabetes Association (ADA) consensus statement, sudomotor functions are mentioned in the early diagnosis of autonomic neuropathy in people with diabetes. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of this method in clinical applications by comparing sudomotor test results with other conventional measurement methods in the evaluation of diabetic peripheral and cardiac neuropathy.

The purpose of this study is to understand how dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP4) inhibition in diabetics affects hemodynamic parameters and sympathetic activation in the setting of increasing concentrations of neuropeptide Y, an endogenous peptide. The central hypothesis is that DPP4 inhibition decreases degradation of neuropeptide Y, resulting in increased vasoconstriction and sympathetic activation.

Studies of myocardial fuel selection using a novel palmitate-based PET probe

The overall purpose of this COMIRB application is to perform a cross-sectional pilot study to aid in the design of a prospective epidemiologic study for an NIH grant application. The long term goal of this research is to determine if AGEs are predictors of glycemic control and the development of diabetic retinopathy in patients with T2DM. Understanding these relationships could lead to a prospective prediction of the onset/worsening of diabetic retinopathy in T2DM patients and in pre-diabetic individuals.

This is a cross-sectional observational study aiming to examine and compare the impact of incretin based therapies i.e. dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogues, on endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and its mobilising factor, stromal derived factor-1 α (SDF-1 α), in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who are well established on those treatments. EPCs provide vascular protection by means of endothelial repair and neogenesis. This endothelial protective effect may potentially benefit patients affected by micro or macrovascular complications arising from vascular injury e.g. cardiovascular disease in T2DM. The study is of particular interest as a small study has shown an increase in level of circulating EPC in patients treated with DPP-4 inhibitors, thought to be mediated via the up regulation of its mobilising factor SDF-1 α.

This study evaluates a mobile phone-delivered intervention, called REACH (Rapid Education/Encouragement And Communications for Health), in supporting adults with type 2 diabetes in their self-management relative to a control group. The goal of this study is to determine if individually tailored content (based on the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills Model) delivered to the participant via text messages can improve the participant's glycemic control and adherence to diabetes medications. We will test whether our intervention improves adherence-related information, motivation, and behavioral skills and whether improving these mechanisms drives improvements in adherence and, in turn, glycemic control.