Active clinical trials for "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2"

The phenomenon that oral glucose elicits a higher insulin response than does intravenous (iv) glucose, even at identical plasma glucose (PG) profiles (isoglycemia), is called the incretin effect. In type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) the incretin effect has been shown to be markedly reduced or even abolished. It is not known whether the reduced incretin effect in T2DM is a primary event leading to T2DM or if it is merely a consequence of the diabetic state. To answer this question the investigators plan to estimate the incretin effect in 8 patients with secondary diabetes mellitus (DM) to chronic pancreatitis (CP) and compare it to the incretin effect of 8 patients with CP and normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Eight patients with T2DM and 8 healthy control subjects are studied for comparison. The incretin effect is measured by a 50-g oral glucose tolerance test and an isoglycemic intravenous glucose infusion.

We are studying patients with diabetes who under proper medical care and administer an approved drug. Our interest is if this drug has any sideeffect on vision and if this drug may cause swelling of the retina.

In this trial, it will be studied whether early addition of the long acting insulin analogue Glargine is capable of increasing the number and differentiation of endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) in patients with type 2 diabetes, which can be seen as a marker of vascular regenerative potential and cardiovascular risk. In addition, the effect of Glargine on microvascular function will be studied. This will be done using laser Doppler measurements of the skin; in addition, MRI of the heart will be performed which is capable of quantifying the perfusion reserve of the myocardium and additional functional aspects of ventricular function. A beneficial effect of early addition of bedtime Glargine on EPC and vascular as well as myocardial function in this study might argue for a change in the therapeutic approach in type 2 diabetes and possibly improve the cardiovascular outcome in patients affected.

This study is conducted in Asia. This study is a prospective, open, uncontrolled, observational surveillance study with Levemir® FlexPen® conducted in Korea. The aim of this observational study is to evaluate the short term and the long term safety and efficacy of Levemir® FlexPen®. The study is planned and conducted as per requirement from Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA).

This trial is conducted in Europe. The aim of this observational study is to evaluate the glycaemic control in patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes using NovoMix® 30 or Levemir® under normal clinical practice conditions.

This study is conducted in Asia. The aim of this observational study is to collect efficacy and safety data in diabetic patients with acute hyperglycemia using NovoRapid™ FlexPen™ as per normal clinical practice.

This study is conducted in Europe. An observational study evaluating glycaemic control in patients using Levemir® as initiation insulin therapy as the treatment of type 2 diabetes in Slovakia.

Hypothesis: Changing type 2 patients treatment from Insulin Insulatard to Insulin Detemir will increase their excretion of sodium in the urine and thereby decrease their extracellular volume and body weight. 24 patients are divided into 2 groups and their insulin treatment is shifted while their body composition, sodium excretion, weight and extracellular volume is monitored.

This study is conducted in Europe. Observational study evaluating the body weight progress during the treatment with insulin detemir (Levemir®) in Type 2 patients, previously treated with other basal insulins

This is a mono-center randomized controlled trial to be performed in the Center of Medical Research (ZMF) at Medical University Graz and is composed by one screening visit (V1) and two study visits (V2 and V3). In the visit V1, complete medical examination will be performed and blood samples will be withdrawn to check overall conditions of the healthy volunteers. Those who accomplish the necessary conditions will be enrolled in the trial to receive either saline or lipid-heparin solutions in a randomized, cross-over design during visits V2 and V3. Volunteers will arrive at ZMF after overnight fasting, when two venous catheters will be placed in forearm veins. One venous catheter will be used for continuous infusion of lipid-heparin solution (Intralipid 20%, 40 ml/h, Fresenius Kabi plus Heparin 250U/h, IMMUNO Baxter AG) or saline, and Inulin (Inutest 25%, Fresenius Kabi). The second venous catheter will be used for blood sampling (arterialized venous blood). Subsequently, two open flow microperfusion (OFM) macro-perforated catheters will be inserted in the subcutaneous tissue of abdominal wall for continuous sampling of interstitial fluid. Study visits will last for 28 hours for continuous sampling, with four additional hours for observation after infusion discontinuation, during visits V2 and V3. Concentrations of different cytokines, non-esterified fatty-acids, insulin, glucose, triglycerides and inulin will be retrospectively quantified in the frozen samples. The primary hypothesis is that cytokine concentrations in subcutaneous tissue and/or in circulation can be modified by lipid-heparin infusion.