Active clinical trials for "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2"

Thiazoledinediones decrease blood glucose by their insulin-sensitizing properties. Here the investigators examined whether pioglitazone (PIO) improves insulin sensitivity independently of glycemic control and whether adipokines or non-esterfied fatty acids (NEFA) serve as mediators.

The purpose of this post-marketing surveillance is to investigate and confirm the type and incidence of newly identified adverse events and any other factors affecting safety and efficacy of Onglyza® so that the regulatory authority can manage the marketing approval properly.

OBJECTIVES: Vascular Disease is the leading cause of complications and death in patients with diabetes. Risk markers and underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated, and may differ from those in non-diabetic individuals. The unifying theme for the Program Project is that hyperglycemia and insulin resistance alter a number of biological processes which interact in vicious cycles to accelerate atherogenesis and are consequently major underlying risk factors for vascular disease. The overall objectives are to define these unique processes and to elucidate underlying biochemical, metabolic, and genetic determinants of vascular disease complications in diabetes. RESEARCH PLAN: Over the past 4 years, we have collaborated with the DCCT/EDIC Study Group, and have made novel observations regarding vascular disease pathogenesis in Type 1 Diabetes. This work has focused our studies on specific pathogenic processes. We will now study a Type 2 Diabetes cohort from the VA Cooperative Study, "Glycemic Control and the Complications of Diabetes, Type 2", with high vascular disease event rates. These collaborations provide a unique opportunity to address the pathogenesis of accelerated atherogenesis in the two main types of diabetes, and will greatly augment the scientific knowledge that will be gained in the conduct of these world-class prospective trials. METHODS: The Program Project has 4 projects and 3 cores. Project 1 will assess lipoproteins, glycoxidative stress, and inflammation as risk factors in studies involving Type 2 Diabetes patients and cultured cell systems. Based on preliminary data from our initial studies Type 1 patients, changes in the NMR lipoprotein subclass profile will be emphasized. Project 2 will elucidate interactions between inflammation, modifications of lipoproteins, and autoimmunity in vascular disease risk. These novel concepts are also based upon exciting preliminary data pertaining to LDL-antibody complexes. Project 3 will pursue interesting preliminary data and define the role of the kallikrein-kinin system in vascular disease complications, with effects on mitogenesis and matrix production. Project 4 will assess the role of the Insulin Resistance Syndrome and novel factors secreted from adipocytes in the pathophysiology of biochemical risk factors and cardiovascular complications. Cores include an Administrative Core, a Biostatistics and Epidemiology Core which will link with the trials data coordinating centers, and Molecular and Statistical Genetics Core. Investigators will work in close collaboration with the VA Executive Committee, Study Centers, the Hines Coordinating Center, and some of the other ancillary studies. All data analysis involving clinical outcomes will be performed at the Hines Coordinating Center. There is true synergism among the projects at both scientific and logistical levels. The Program Project design allows for interactions among multidisciplinary investigators studying the same cohort, which will define how multiple pathological processes interact at the level of the arterial wall to promote atherosclerosis.

The primary purpose of this study is to test an Internet based program along with an enhanced pedometer to promote walking in people with diabetes. The major research question to be answered is if counseling and feedback that emphasizes a 10-minute minimum duration for physical activity bouts result in a different pattern of walking behavior compared to counseling and feedback focusing only on total daily accumulated steps.

The goal of our research program is to successfully translate empirical knowledge regarding diabetes treatment and management into sustainable clinical practice. The study hypothesis is that implementation of a multicomponent intervention will result in meaningful improvement in clinical performance measures at the clinic that include average A1c (Hemoglobin A1c), average systolic blood pressure, and national clinical performance measures at a reasonable cost to the health system.

To determine how weight loss achieved by intensive lifestyle intervention including diet and exercise alters lipoprotein oxidation/oxidative stress and antioxidant status in overweight diabetic individuals.

The purpose of this study is to see if an online program for patients with diabetes helps patients improve their self-care (how they take their medications, what they eat, how much they exercise, and whether they smoke).

The GlucoMe device, in its original packaging, along with the user manual and QuickStart guide will be provided to the patient in a simulated home use environment. The patient labeling will be in the format intended for distribution. Ten (10) subjects identified as potential end users of the GlucoMe device will receive the user manual. An additional ten (10) subjects also identified as potential end users of the GlucoMe device will NOT receive the user manual. All subjects will be provided with a pre-test and post-test questionnaire and a list of tasks to complete, including applying and operating the device. The observer and user post-test questionnaire will collect information regarding device use. The device's use will be compared with identified risks to determine if the percentage of failures is within the study protocol success criteria. Additionally, measurable usability criteria for specific, critical steps will be evaluated.

This observation plan outlines the approach to build a diabetes registry to collect data on daily routine of treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

The investigators hypothesize that the HbA1c shows a rising trend in pre-diabetics and normal population with risk factors of developing type 2 DM. There is no known diabetes model for predicting incident diabetes in an individual which takes into account the rate of change of HbA1c (dx/dt). In such cases, the rate of change of HbA1c may give the physicians lead time needed to implement the Diabetes Prevention Program measures.