Active clinical trials for "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2"

This is a follow-up survey of women, 10-12 years after they were included in the population-based Stork Groruddalen study of pregnant women, primarily set up to study gestational diabetes and related health issues in pregnancy in a multiethnic population. The investigators will now update the information about the health status of these women to study the development of risk factors for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.

This study aims to estimate the number of patients with cardiovascular disease and risk factors in patients who had been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Simultaneously, this study also intends to obtain more information about the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with established cardiovascular disease. This study is non-interventional, which means that will not require participant's further related visits or procedures. The study will collect the participant's clinical data from the current visit and, when applicable, within the last 3 years.

The purpose of the study is to register the occurrence of cardiovascular disease among type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients across five selected countries in Europe. Participants will be asked to give information about their health. Participants will continue their normal way of life and will not get any medication other than what has been prescribed to them by their doctor. Participants' participation will be one day/one visit at study doctor. The study will last for about 3 months in total.

Rationale: In order to compare the real-world use of commonly prescribed second-line oral diabetes therapies, real-world data comparing patients receiving treatment with dapagliflozin vs sitagliptin are needed, and limited resource use and cost data exist for patients initiating dapagliflozin in the real-world setting. Objectives: Primary: The primary objective of this study is to compare real-world health care resource utilization and costs following treatment with dapagliflozin versus sitagliptin. Secondary: The secondary objectives of this study are to assess clinical outcomes and treatment patterns among patients receiving treatment with dapagliflozin versus sitagliptin. Study Design: Retrospective cohort study. Target Subject Population: Patients receiving treatment with either dapagliflozin or sitagliptin will be evaluated. Study Variable(s): Primary Variables: Health care resource utilization and costs Secondary Variables: Demographics measured at the index date, Quan-Charlson Comorbidity score, measured during the baseline period, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ)-based comorbidity measures, receipt of other antidiabetic medication classes during the baseline and follow-up periods, number and percentage of patients with a diagnosis of obesity during the baseline or follow-up periods, treatment patterns during the follow-up period (i.e., index dose, duration of treatment, discontinuation, adherence, receipt of additional antidiabetic medication classes), HbA1c outcomes (among subgroup of patients with linked laboratory data, sample size permitting), renal impairment, hypoglycemia as defined by a claims-based algorithm. Statistical Methods: Initial analyses will be descriptive in nature and entail the tabular display of mean values, medians, ranges, and standard deviations of continuous variables of interest (e.g., patient age) and frequency distributions for categorical variables (e.g., sex, geographic location). Outcomes will be compared between patients receiving dapagliflozin versus sitagliptin using univariate tests. Propensity score matching will be undertaken to reduce bias in the comparison of patients receiving treatment with dapagliflozin versus sitagliptin. Following matching, demographics and baseline characteristics will be assessed using standardized differences to determine balance in the post-matched sample. Outcomes will be assessed using tests for paired data (paired t-tests, signed rank tests, McNemar's tests).

Several studies have investigated an association between cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) and albuminuria, glomerular filtration rate, or both, and hypothesized that CAN is involved in the pathogenesis of nephropathy. However, most of these studies had focused on Caucasians and were limited to a small number of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, or had used a conventional Ewing battery of tests based on dynamic cardiovascular maneuvers.Yet, there is consistent data showing that Asian diabetic populations, including the Chinese, have a higher risk of renal complications than Caucasians do. The present study investigated an association between heart rate variability (HRV) parameters and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in Chinese type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, specifically through time and frequency domain analyses of HRV and urine albumin creatinine ratio (UACR) or estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

This study is a non-interventional, multicentre, prospective, observational study to be conducted at 50 sites in India. The study targets to enrol 2000 patients with 40 patients per site. The study will be initiated after obtaining written approval of Independent Ethics Committee (IEC) /Institutional Review Board (IRB) and written informed consent of the patient.

This is a 2x2 study examining the impacts of a novel exercise regimen and daily text message reminders in patients at high risk for cardiovascular disease. Patients participating in cardiac rehabilitation will be randomized to either moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) or a novel exercise regimen consisting of three periods of high intensity exercise, called BURST exercise. Additionally, half of the patients in each exercise group will be randomized to receive daily text message reminders to improve adherence to the prescribed exercise regimen.

Progression of T2DM is widely accepted to be contributed by two main components: beta cell function deterioration where insulin secretion is impaired and insulin resistance where insulin physiological response is reduced. Insulin resistance and beta cell function will be estimated through a mathematical model, homeostasis model assessment. Fasting insulin and C-peptide will be measured using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Insulin resistance and beta cell function is then compared with the glycaemic control, HbA1C.

G-protein coupled receptor 120 (GPR120) is a G-protein-coupled receptor whose endogenous ligands have been identified as long-chain fatty acids. Recently, it has been shown that GPR120 expression in human adipose tissue is higher in obese than in lean individuals. Interestingly, a GPR120 deficient mouse model presents an unfavorable phenotype when fed a high-fat diet with obesity, glucose intolerance and fatty liver, characteristics also found in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Moreover, in obese subjects, a single nucleotide polymorphism (R270H) has been identified that inhibits GPR120 signaling activity. The investigators now want to investigate if GPR120 expression in adipose tissue may be altered in patients with T2D compared to non-diabetic subjects and might contribute to diabetes-associated metabolic changes. Additionally, the investigators want to assess the frequency of the R270H mutant in T2D.

This is a population-based study of type 2 diabetes patients with and without neuropathy recruited from the Danish National Type 2 Diabetes cohort (DD2). Perspective: The study will identify risk factors for developing diabetic polyneuropathy and painful diabetic polyneuropathy and provide information on the underlying mechanisms, which will hopefully contribute to significant improvements in the treatment and prevention of diabetic polyneuropathy in future.