Active clinical trials for "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1"

Background Type 1 diabetes is characterized by pancreatic beta-cell destruction and an inability to synthesize insulin. Connecting peptide (C-peptide) is formed from the same precursor as insulin and is produced in equimolar amounts as insulin. There are several clinical trials currently being performed to explore the possibility of beta-cell preservation or regeneration. Most children are not eligible for these trials because it is often presumed that C-peptide levels will decrease and become undetectable after years of having type 1 diabetes. Several studies in the adult population have demonstrated that C-peptide may remain measureable in patients who have had diabetes for up to 50 years after diagnosis. Recently, it was demonstrated that 10% of adult patients who have had type 1 diabetes for 31-40 years have measureable levels of serum C-peptide if measured with an ultrasensitive assay. The levels were lower in patients who had diabetes for a longer time. This pattern was also demonstrated in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) and NHANES trial. No studies have been performed exclusively in pediatric patients Hypothesis The investigators hypothesize that C-peptide should be detectable in the sera of pediatric patients who have had type 1 diabetes for greater than 1 year and as far out as > 20 years after diagnosis. The investigators also hypothesize that since their patient population has had diabetes for less time as compared to adults, the levels of C-peptide should be higher than reported for adults and that a greater proportion of patients in the pediatric population will have detectable C-peptide levels as compared to adults.

Almost all patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) need insulin treatment permanently. For selected patients who are unable to achieve glycaemic targets with subcutaneous (SC) insulin treatment, continuous intraperitoneal (IP) insulin infusion is an third-line alternative. Previous studies demonstrate that continuous intraperitoneal insulin infusion (CIPII) using an implantable pump device improves glycaemic control and quality of life in patients with 'brittle' T1DM. Nevertheless, literature comparing IP and SC insulin treatment is scarce. The primary objective of this study is to compare the effects of IP insulin delivery to SC insulin delivery.The null hypothesis (H0) of the current study holds inferiority of CIPII compared to SC insulin regarding long-term glycaemic control. The alternative hypothesis (H1) is the inverse: CIPII is non-inferior to SC insulin. In summary, H0: CIPII is inferior to the SC insulin treatment H1: CIPII is not inferior to SC insulin treatment This is an investigator initiated, open label and prospective matched-control study with a non-inferiority design. The trial duration is 36 weeks and is conducted in a single-centre (Isala Clinics, Zwolle). If non-inferiority is established superiority analyses are performed.

The primary objective is to study if an inhibition of nitric oxide and/or prostaglandins affect the diameter changes of retinal vessels observed during hypoxia. Diameter changes are studied using the Dynamic Vessel Analyzer.

This overall research goal will be to develop a mobile-based module to improve glycemic control during the menstrual cycle in women with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). This module will run on an Android Operating System (OS) and will be available as: (i) a stand-alone application and (ii) an important additional component to a larger system, the Diabetes Assistant (DiAs) - a mobile-based medical platform for diabetes applications. This proposal aims to build one such application or module targeting the improvement of diabetes control in younger women who experience glucose variation related to their menstrual cycle.

This is a multicenter feasibility study. Up to 85 subjects will be enrolled in the study. The goal of the study is to demonstrate that the Hybrid Closed Loop (HCL) System is safe to be used in an even larger study outside of hospital.

This is a two-period study of participants with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). In each period, participants will receive once daily injections of stable dose LY2605541 or insulin glargine for 28 to 35 days followed by procedures to look at how the body uses or stores fats and sugars. Participants will continue to use meal time insulin throughout the study. Healthy participants will also enroll in the study. They will not receive any study medication.

The ultimate goal of the PCDIAB project is to develop a bi-hormonal pump (insulin and glucagon) substituting for the pancreas and facilitating tight euglycemic control in patients with T1DM.

The purpose of this study is to determine upon administering GABA orally to a person how it is absorbed, distributed, as well as the drug's pharmacological effects on the body such as glucose levels, serum C-peptide and/or insulin levels (referred to as pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics). We will conduct experiments in normal subjects to address these questions.

During this study, we will assess a new smart phone application which aims at helping patients with Type 1 diabetes to compute food carbohydrates and meal insulin doses. Patients, already trained to carbohydrate counting, will be recruited among those who have been using this method daily for at least 6 months. They will complete two one-month study phases, using the application in one phase and counting carbohydrate and insulin doses without the application in the other phase, with randomized order of each phase. Visits are scheduled at the start and at the end of each phase to collect data on glucose control and insulin doses. Questionnaires assessing health-related quality of life and ability of self-management of diabetes will also be filled by patients before and after each study phase.

To evaluate the effect of Gluten Free Diet (GFD) on beta-cell function and glucose metabolism in subjects with one or several islet autoantibodies without and with dysglycemia at baseline. Additionally, all subjects will be given treatment with Vitamin D, omega fatty acids and probiotics. Subjects will be randomized to GFD or normal diet during 18 months. Beta cell function will be evaluated at baseline, and during follow-up by glucose tolerance tests.