Active clinical trials for "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2"

The two major types of diabetes are type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Although most patients with type 2 diabetes are older than age 40, type 2 diabetes has been reported with increasing frequency among patients under the age of 20. This form of diabetes has been called type 2 diabetes of youth, abbreviated type 2Y. Little is known about the etiology of type 2Y; however, clinicians believe that it occurs most commonly in obese children of particular ethnic groups. A positive family history appears to be one major risk factor for developing type 2Y diabetes. The individual contribution of ethnicity, obesity, and genetics to type 2Y have yet to be elucidated. There is no consensus regarding treatment with type 2Y diabetes. Observation of our Hispanic patients in the Houston area reveals a large number with type 2Y. The major purpose of this study is to examine the genetic and environmental risk factors such as family history, ethnicity, and obesity in Hispanic children with type 2Y diabetes. SPECIFIC AIMS: 1) To examine the genetic and environmental risk factors and clinical signs associated with type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes of youth. 2) To compare the efficacy of the treatment modalities, insulin and oral agents, in type 2Y patients. METHODS: We will undertake a retrospective case study, to include a review of hypothesized risk factors in all the medical records of pediatric diabetes patients seen at University of Texas. We anticipate that approximately 200 patients with type 1 diabetes and 30 patients with type 2Y diabetes will be identified. A Sustacal challenge test will be done in patients with a suspected diagnosis of type 2Y in order to confirm the clinical diagnosis. Parents will be contacted by phone for a detailed pedigree intake. Type 1 and type 2Y patients will be compared for each of the studied features. A retrospective review of diabetes type 2 therapies used in type 2Y patients will be undertaken through further examination of the medical records in order to compare insulin treatment to oral agents. We will also test a subset of the patients for the gene identified in adult Hispanics with type 2 diabetes.

The study aims to investigate the validity of 2 hour post-prandial UCPCR test in paediatric and adult patients with diabetes duration greater than 2 and 5 years, respectively, for the purposes of distinguishing between patients with type 1 diabetes and MODY in the UAE population.

The aim of this study is to explore the associations between chronotype and glycaemic control, cardiometabolic health and other lifestyle factors.

In summary, the registry should provide novel insight into potential mechanisms of cardiovascular risk reduction in patients treated with Empagliflozin with an indication of intensified glucose lowering therapy based on their HbA1c level.

To assess the acceptability of a personalised ICT tool that facilitates coordinated care planning, treatment optimisation and patient self-management for patients with multiple long term conditions and their team of health professionals.

This is a two-armed mixed methods study of participants (n=30) diagnosed with type 2 diabetes who use a blood glucose meter as part of their treatment regimen. Participants will have either two or three visits at HITLAB during the 28-day study period.

International Diabetes Federation estimates that there are now 415 million adults aged 20-79 with diabetes mellitus worldwide. By 2040 this will rise to 640 million. Although diabetes mellitus is highly prevalent in our environment and one of the most important challenges of modern medicine, only a handful of studies have examined the neuromuscular function in diabetic patients. The shortage of publications in this area is still more surprising if we consider that the neuromuscular blockers are one of the pillars in the administration of general anesthesia. Neuromuscular blockers during surgery are used in tracheal intubation and to improve surgical conditions.

Objectives: This study is aimed to assess whether Tianqi Capsule interventions have a long-term effect on the risk of diabetes and provide evidence that early intervention by traditional Chinese medicine could delay the progression from impaired glucose tolerance to diabetes. Study contents: 1.420 participants were followed up for 8 years to assess the long-term effect of Tianqi Capsule. Phone-call followed up was applied to investigate the status of impaired glucose tolerance and orthoglycemic survivors until the end of REDUCES study. 2.To participants that determined the status of glucose metabolism, a variety of ways were used to find the evidence of diagnosis of glucose metabolic status, such as glycemia laboratory sheets from normal hospitals, medical records, the use of antidiabetic drugs or insulin injection, etc. 3. To participants that undiagnosed the status of glucose metabolism, oral glucose tolerance test, blood pressure, weight and blood biochemical analysis were performed to assess the state of glucose metabolism. 4. Questionnaires were given to all the participants to investigate their condition of treatment, diet, exercise and other lifestyle.

Thromboelastography (TEG) is a laboratory technique used to examine the process of clot formation and degradation by measuring and reporting the kinetic changes, the rate of clot formation, clot strength, and clot stability. TEG provides numeric values and a graphical representation of the primary and secondary hemostatic systems and fibrinolysis more quickly and with a smaller blood sample than routine coagulation studies. TEG6s, the newest TEG platform, simplifies and standardizes TEG technique and is currently available at only four US children's hospitals. Normative values of TEG6s results have not been established in healthy neonates. There are a number of well-established perinatal risk factors for thrombosis in the newborn; however, maternal diabetes has been the most frequently identified risk factor in the newborn since 1965. Despite the well-established hypercoagulable state observed in infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs), there have been no studies evaluating TEG in IDMs. To establish normative data and investigate the hypercoagulable state of IDMs, this observational prospective cohort study will evaluate TEG6s in these two populations: a control group that will include neonates ≥37 weeks gestational age born to mothers with uncomplicated pregnancies and a comparison group that will include neonates ≥37 weeks born to mothers with gestational diabetes or a history of Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes prior to pregnancy, either requiring insulin or diet controlled. We hypothesize that cord blood TEG6s results will differ between healthy newborns and IDMs reflecting a hypercoagulable state in IDMs with an increased coagulation index (CI) in the IDM group. A sample size calculation was performed for a two-sample t-test using the POWER procedure in SAS version 9.4. Based on a two-tailed alpha of 0.05 and a standard deviation of 0.9, the total N was determined to be 40 (i.e., 20 in each group). This yields a power of 0.84 to detect a difference of 1.25 units in the mean CI between IDMs and healthy controls. To avoid blood loss and skin breaking procedures in the subjects, umbilical cord blood obtained from the umbilical cord will be used for analysis. To assure appropriate dilution, a hematocrit will be measured at the time of blood collection using a blood gas machine for prompt results. Sample blood will immediately be taken by the investigators from the delivery hospital to the children's hospital, where the following clotting studies will be performed: PT, aPTT, fibrinogen, platelet count, platelet mapping, and TEG6s. Statistical analyses will be performed on the results of these studies and will provide normative data in healthy newborns and infants of diabetic mothers. Having data on the coagulation profile of neonates will help guide management techniques and help explain the propensity to clot among IDMs and guide further research into prevention and treatment of this complication.

This study was designed as a non-interventional, single-group, open-label, multicenter observational study for patients with type 2 diabetes in the real world clinical setting.