Active clinical trials for "Diabetes Mellitus"

Development and validation of a risk model for predicting the risk of mild cognitive impairment among individuals of type 2 diabetes.

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) refers to abnormal glucose metabolism during pregnancy, in which elevated blood glucose is first found during pregnancy and meets the criteria for diabetes. In recent years, with the increase of obese women of childbearing age, the incidence of GDM has been rising, the current global average incidence is about 14%, and the incidence in China has increased from 2% in 1999 to 5%-8% at present. If one-step diagnosis is used, the rate will be between 13%-17%, which will greatly increase the social burden. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) significantly increases the risk of diseases for pregnant women and infants, such as abortion and premature delivery, concurrent hypertension, concurrent infection, metabolic disorders, postpartum diabetes, macrosomia, fetal malformation, neonatal hypoglycemia, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, and so on. It is one of the important public health problems threatening human health. Therefore, the accurate diagnosis of GDM is of great clinical significance for the timely formulation of intervention and treatment measures, reducing the risk of maternal and infant diseases and improving the level of public health.

A study to compare between 1 and 2 hours post meal blood glucose monitoring in patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus requiring treatment.

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and associated complications are major contributors to the global disease burden. T2D is already a major health threat in populations in developed countries and is rapidly taking hold in the developing world. It is believed that understanding the complex interplay between genetic and lifestyle characteristics in the etiology of T2D and related complications will lead to the development of better preventive and therapeutic strategies. In Addition, the results of this project will facilitate our understanding of causes of diabetes in African Americans, other US and world populations Objectives: To conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify susceptibility genetic variants for diabetes among the Yoruba people in Ibadan, Nigeria. To enroll and examine 300 unrelated cases of T2D and 300 ethnicity-matched Yoruba controls. To conduct resequencing of positional candidate gene/loci to identify likely functional variants in a subset of the cohort. To conduct replication studies of the top-100 scoring variants in three independent African and European ancestry samples. To investigate whether diabetes-associated variants discovered in European populations increase diabetes risk in West Africans. Eligibility: Patients 18 years of age with confirmed T2D who are newly diagnosed or on treatment of Yoruba ethnicity in Ibadan, Nigeria. Control subjects are nondiabetics ethnically matched to patients. Design: The study design for both patients and controls consists of the following steps: Discuss informed consent process and obtain signed informed consent form. Informed consent will be administered by trained clinic staff. Assign study ID (barcode) Administer questionnaires Obtain spot urine sample Measure blood pressure Obtain anthropometric measurements including body composition Perform finger prick for blood glucose level Obtain venous blood samples Perform eye examination On the following day, perform confirmatory blood glucose for the small subset of participants requiring confirmation of previous test result DNA extraction of stored samples will be done at either the National Institutes of Health or the laboratory in Nigeria. GWAS will be conducted using publicly available software packages.

Several studies have reported that diabetic subjects have lower plasma vitamin C concentrations than non-diabetic subjects. Although urinary vitamin C loss in diabetic subjects was reported to be increased in two studies, these are difficult to interpret due to lack of controlled vitamin C intake, inadequate sampling, lack of control subjects, or methodology uncertainties in vitamin C assay and sample processing. Consequently, it is unclear whether diabetic subjects truly have both low plasma and high urine vitamin C concentrations. We propose that low plasma vitamin C concentrations in diabetic subjects are due in part to inappropriate renal loss of vitamin C in these subjects but not in healthy controls. We will study vitamin C concentrations in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes and in matched healthy research subjects. Vitamin C concentrations in plasma, neutrophils (as a proxy for tissue concentrations) and in urine will be measured in outpatients. In those willing to be admitted to the Clinical Center, we will measure 24-hour urinary excretion of vitamin C while on a vitamin C free diet, and creatinine clearance, a measure of glomerular filtration rate. On day 2 of the inpatient study, subjects will receive a single 200mg dose of oral vitamin C and we will measure vitamin C concentrations in frequent blood and urine samples to determine the renal threshold and relative bioavailability for vitamin C. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) will be determined in genomic DNA responsible for the two proteins mediating sodium-dependent vitamin C transport, SVCT1 and SVCT2. If low plasma and high urine vitamin C concentrations are found in diabetic subjects, further studies will be needed to explore mechanisms and to determine recommended dietary allowances for this patient population....

A study investigating the influence of fat distribution, genetic susceptibility markers for type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and fat distribution, epigenetic and transcriptomic changes and gut hormone responses to a mixed meal on diabetes remission following bariatric surgery.

The Freder1k-Study will identify infants who have a high genetic risk of type 1 diabetes.

Background: Bone fragility is a complication of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes treatments may ameliorate or deteriorate bone fragility in this population. Bariatric surgery is gaining in popularity in people with type 2 diabetes and may impact bone health. Objectives: To evaluate the impact of the most popular bariatric procedure worldwide (sleeve gastrectomy (SG)) on vBMD by QCT in patients with type 2 diabetes; Secondary aims: (1) to identify the determinants of vBMD after bariatric surgery in patients with type 2 diabetes; (2) to compare vBMD and its potential determinants after bariatric surgery with obese controls without diabetes as well as with controls without obesity and normoglycemia.

Single-center prospective observational pilot study The aim of the study is to evaluate the potential association between the percentage of time spent in the optimal glycemia range and the score obtained in the questionnaires used to screen for depression. The study involves only one visit for each participant. Each participant will be asked to sign the informed consent to the study and, during the visit, the following information will be acquired: parameters, history of diabetes, concomitant diseases and medications, and CGM metrics. The participant will be administered the following questionnaires for the evaluation of depression, patient-reported outcome measure (PROMs) and treatment satisfaction: Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) Center of Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D) Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (DTSQ) Well-Being Index (WHO-5) Problem Areas In Diabetes (PAID-5) European Quality of Life, Five Dimension, Five Level (EQ5D5L)

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common disorders which occured during pregnancy. GDM is not only associated with short-term maternal and fetal adverse outcomes, but also related to a wide range of long-term consequences for both mother and child. The GDM and Its Consequences for mothers and offsprings (GDMCMO) aims to establish a cohort to follow both maternal and offsprings'short-term and long-term outcomes, including fetal malformations including congenital heart diseases, birth weight, preterm birth, caesarean section delivery, body growth and neurodevelopment after birth, obesity, type 2 diabetes and impaired insulin sensitivity and secretion, lung health and allergic diseases later in life for offspring, as well as future type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors for mother after delivery. Biological samples including blood and tissue samples of mothers and children are also collected during pregnancy and after delivery.