Active clinical trials for "Diabetes Mellitus"

According to the most current local data, the rate of patient's adherence to insulin injections is very low. A recent cross sectional study in Klinik Pakar Perubatan (KPP) Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM) among 355 patients with Type 2 diabetes treated with insulin showed only 19% of patients adhered to their insulin regime with the mean fasting plasma glucose of 10mmol/L and mean HbA1C of 10.0%. This condition may lead to undesirable health consequences. Patients education has been showed to improved adherence. Among the 355 participants involved in the study, 82% of the patients have received consultation by diabetic educators yet their glycemic control were suboptimal. A new approaches using a module-based counseling that emphasized on adherence has been developed and the effectiveness of the counseling need to be evaluated.

The Ministry of Health Malaysia designs an education program for diabetes mellitus under the "Know Your Medicine" campaign. The Pharmacy Integrated Community Care (PICC) program hopes to improve knowledge and self-care for diabetes mellitus patients. PICC contains four modules that will provide knowledge on diabetes mellitus in an interactive, easily understandable and fun program. The investigators want to evaluate the program's effectiveness to see its relevance to Malaysian. PICC is an education program to give knowledge on diabetes mellitus to patients. It intended to improve self-care knowledge for patients with underlying Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus conducted the whole of Malaysia. However, in Sarawak, the investigators interested in conducting it together with this is an experimental study aiming to examine PICC's effectiveness. The study is being conducted in the nine Sarawak divisions. A minimum of 94 respondents will be participating in this study. Patient profile details will be taken with strict confidentiality.

This project proposes to use telemedicine-delivered cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) enhanced with continuous glucose monitor (CGM) review to target diabetes distress in young adults with type 1 diabetes. The efficacy of CBT for diabetes distress (CBT-DD) will be tested in comparison to commercial FDA-approved CGM only in a randomized controlled clinical trial. The investigators central hypothesis is that the addition of a CBT intervention that targets diabetes distress and self-management directly will yield clinically significant improvements in both diabetes distress and glycemic control relative to CGM alone. The investigators propose to recruit 150 young adults (age 18-35) with type 1 diabetes from a national population for an entirely virtual 6-month study over four years, with targeted recruitment of racial/ethnic minorities. In addition to standard measurement of HbA1c for glycemic control and validated patient-reported outcome (PRO) surveys, the investigators plan to innovatively integrate momentary psychological and behavioral data via smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment with CGM data to assess day-to-day changes in diabetes distress, affect, self-management, and glycemia over the course of the trial.

The purpose of this study is to look at feasibility (the likelihood) of continued use of the FreeStyle Libre 2 Continuous glucose monitor (CGM) when started at the time of hospital discharge in patients with poorly controlled diabetes and to look at the effects of CGM use on blood glucose control and quality of life. Additional information will be collected to determine the barriers to continuing CGM use after discharge. The investigators will also collect information to see how well blood glucose has been controlled after discharge while utilizing the CGM.

Gestational diabetes (GDM) impacts 1 in 10 pregnancies; hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia are common features of the condition. Women are recommended to do at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity a week during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Exercise both during and out of pregnancy has been shown to be an effective non-pharmacologic tool to reduce glucose and lipid profiles. The goals and purpose of this pilot study is to 1) determine the influence of exercise and the timing of exercise surrounding a meal on glucose and lipid metabolism in pregnant women with GDM and 2) determine the feasibility of low-resistance and aerobic activity and measuring exercise metrics during pregnancy. The overarching objective of this study is to determine the effects of low-resistance and aerobic exercise on glucose and lipids following a meal in pregnant women with GDM.

The frequency of meals is a very important aspect of nutrition, with profound effects on human health and in life expectancy. Excessive energy consumption is totally associated with a significant increase in the incidence of chronic diseases including diabetes. That is why nutritional therapy is recommended for all people with diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2 as an effective complement to your medical treatment. For overweight or obese type 2 diabetic patients, a low-calorie diet along with healthy eating patterns are recommended for weight loss. Similarly, modest body weight decrease may provide clinical benefits in patients, such as improved blood glucose, blood pressure, lipid profile, and others. Data about the role of nutritional habits and energy density being important precursors of obesity and diabetes are well known. On the other hand, data regarding frequency and timing of meals and how these factors relate to corporal weight are not totally understood.

The goal of this clinical trial is to compare the effects of peer coaching models in older adults with unmanaged type two diabetes. The main questions it aims to answer are: Are peer coaching models effective at promoting Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus self-management? If effective, which facets of the peer model are most effective? Peer coaches will Undergo peer coach training. Reach out to peer participants on a weekly/biweekly time frame to discuss self-management and goal setting. Retain records of contact, topics discussed, and general notes on interactions. Researchers will compare differences in the frequency of contact, as well as how peer coaches were matched to peer participants to see if efficacy of the intervention is altered between groups.

Food plays a crucial role in determining blood glucose levels, especially in people with type 2 diabetes. Precision nutrition, which involves individually tailored dietary interventions, can be a powerful tool in managing blood glucose levels in people with type 2 diabetes. Previous studies found that changes in gut microbiota resulted from the dietary intervention, such as plant-based diet, might subsequently lead to different glycemic responses, and then different health outcomes. In this study, the investigators will characterize the blood glucose dynamics and gut microbiota of individuals with type 2 diabetes. They aim to assess the influence of plant-based diet on gut microbiota; they will also investigate the influence of gut microbiota on glycemic responses. Additionally, a series of individual N-of-1 trails will be integrated to compare the effects of a white bread breakfast and a whole wheat bread breakfast on glucose metabolism at the individual level.

Coffee has been found to have beneficial effects on cognitive function and blood sugar control. Benefits include reduced risk of cognitive decline and improved performance on cognitive tests, as well as reduced risk of diabetes and improved blood sugar control in people with diabetes, a population that is at a higher risk of cognitive decline. These effects have been observed for both caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee, and have been associated with the polyphenol chlorogenic acid (CGA). This polyphenol has been found to be more bioavailable in certain coffees, known as "speciality coffee" as defined by the Specialty Coffee Association of America, depending on agriculture, roasting, and brewing method. This current project will bring together these previous findings to explore the effects of specialty coffee on cognitive function and glycaemic control in people with type 2 diabetes through a randomized control trial with two groups: a high CGA specialty coffee group and a conventional coffee control group. Participants will be quasi-randomly assigned to one of these two groups following the completion of a 4-week run-in period during which participants will consume conventional coffee only. The length of the experimental arms is 8 weeks, therefore the total length of the study is 12 weeks. At the beginning and the end of each experimental arm participants will undertake a cognitive assessment online using the Gorilla platform, and a series of questionnaires relating to health and mood measures (details in procedure). Cognitive function will also be assessed at the beginning of the 4-week run-in period.

This cluster-randomized intervention is embedded in the ComBaCaL (Community-Based Chronic disease care Lesotho) cohort study (EKNZ ID AO_2022-00058, clinicaltrials.gov ID NCT05596773, Lesotho NH-REC ID 210-2022), a platform for the investigation of chronic diseases and their management in rural Lesotho that is maintained by local lay chronic care village health workers (CC-VHWs). The overall objective of the ComBaCaL cohort study and nested TwiCs is to assess the impact of eHealthsupported, lay-led chronic disease control measures in rural Lesotho. In this T2D TwiC, the effect, safety and feasibility of a community-based T2D care package (which includes the offer of first-line oral antidiabetic and lipid-lowering treatment for uncomplicated T2D by lay CC-VHWs in comparison to facility-based care after community-based screening and diagnosis) will be evaluated.