Active clinical trials for "Diabetic Nephropathies"

To investigate the correlation between the mean glucose concentration measured by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and the estimated mean blood glucose from glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in persons with type 2 diabetes and on chronic haemodialysis. Furthermore, the aim is to compare CGM and HbA1c with glycated albumin and fructosamine.

Insufficient clinical evidence correlates the progression of diabetic kidney disease with electrolyte homeostasis in patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), especially in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) population and what are the most effective interventions to slow chronic renal failure progression. In our research, we test the hypothesis that low serum magnesium and potassium levels are directly associated with the decline of kidney function in diabetic patients who did not have severely impaired renal function at baseline. In addition, we describe the effect of long-term multifactorial adherence interventions on medication adherence, diet adherence and follow-up visits using a telemedicine approach such as mobile applications in reducing the progression of chronic kidney disease and other diabetes-related complications. This study is a single-blind randomized control trial to demonstrate the causal relationship between potassium and magnesium levels and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline. The intervention group will be evaluated for manifestations of electrolyte imbalance and correction of serum magnesium and/or potassium levels will be initiated based on the last updated laboratory test. Moreover, they will receive education to reinforce diet and exercise changes at each follow up visit by a specialized dietitian with pharmacist-led comprehensive medication therapy management utilizing multifactorial adherence interventions to measure potential drug-drug or drug-food interactions, as well as medication and follow-up adherence through an integrated mobile application and fixed medication possession ratio (FMPR). This research is under progress, and summary of its findings will be reported. This study will suggest if additional national monitoring guidelines may be warranted. In addition, it will reduce diabetic burden, medication cost in UAE and improve patient satisfaction by reducing or delaying the progression of diabetic kidney disease in diabetic patients.

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a complex metabolic disorder with many pathophysiological disturbances including insulin resistance (IR) and mitochondrial dysfunction which are causally related to the development of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and which contribute to reduced life expectancy. Renal hypoxia, stemming from a potential metabolic mismatch between increased renal energy expenditure and impaired substrate utilization, is increasingly proposed as a unifying early pathway in the development of DKD. By examining the interplay between factors responsible for increased renal adenosine triphosphate (ATP) consumption and decreased ATP generation in young adults with and without T1D, this study hopes to identify novel therapeutic targets to impede the development of DKD in future trials. The investigators propose to address the specific aims in a cross-sectional study with 30 adults with T1D and 20 controls without a diagnosis of diabetes. For this protocol, participants will complete a one day study visit at Children's Hospital Colorado. Patients will undergo a Dual-energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) scan to assess body composition, renal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to quantify renal oxygenation and perfusion, and a Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET/CT) scan to quantify renal O2 consumption. After the PET and MRI, participants will undergo a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp to quantify insulin sensitivity. Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) and Effective Renal Plasma Flow (ERPF) will be measured by iohexol and PAH clearances during the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. To further investigate the mechanisms of renal damage in T1D, two optional procedures are included in the study: 1) kidney biopsy procedure and 2) induction of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to assess morphometrics and genetic expression of renal tissue.

A clinical intervention will be performed in adult diabetic Pima Indians with proteinuria to determine if an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor is effective in slowing the progression of renal disease in persons with overt diabetic nephropathy attributable to type 2 diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). The study will be conducted in the Gila River Indian Community and include proteinuric subjects selected from the Diabetic Renal Disease Study (DRDS; NIH Protocol Number 88-DK-79) in whom glomerular function has been measured at six-monthly intervals for the past 48 months. Twenty-five subjects (12 men, 13 women) aged 31-64 years are eligible for this study. These subjects all have urinary albumin-to-creatinine rations >=300 mg/g (equivalent to 300 mg albumin/day), serum creatinine concentrations < 3.0 mg/dl, and no evidence of nondiabetic renal diseases. Their GFR slopes average -0.49 ml/min/month (95% confidence interval, -0.91 to -0.07), and 11 of them (8 men, 3 women) are hypertensive (systolic blood pressure >=140 mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure >=90 mm Hg). Subjects will be treated with an ACE inhibitor, and measurements of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal plasma flow (RPF) will be made at six monthly intervals until the subjects' progress to renal failure. GFR slope (ml.min/month) will be computed, and the slope prior to the initiation of an ACE inhibitor will be compared with that obtained during treatment.

108 patients underwent elective SPK surgery were randomly divided into ERAS group (E) and routine care group (T). The ERAS group was consisted of evidenced-based systematic optimization approaches, while the control group received routine care.

Diabetic microangiopathy refers to the pathological changes of arterioles, capillaries and venules in diabetic patients. Due to the impacts including glycol-metabolism disorder, disturbance of lipid metabolism, cytokine, oxidative stress and hemodynamic changes, the structure and function of microvessels are damaged accordingly. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common and serious chronic microvascular complications of diabetes, and becomes a leading cause of end-stage renal failure(ESRF). Presently, urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR) is a widely accepted and relatively reliable indicator for early diagnosis of DN, however, there are 2/3 DN patients with normal albuminuria have decreased glomerular filtration rate (glomerular filtration rate, GFR) and abnormal structure of the kidney, one the other hand, the presence of albuminuria is associated with other vascular dysfunction and kidney disease other than DN, therefore its accuracy is increasingly being challenged. Sidestream dark field(SDF) imagining technology, as an emerging way to visualize blood vessels, is evaluated in a semi-quantitative manner and provides an effective means to study structure and function of microcirculation. Different from biochemical markers like albuminuria, SDF provides a visual information about vessel structure, density, and quality of diffusion. At present the research of sublingual microcirculation by SDF technique is mainly applied to microcirculation monitoring in patients in the intensive care unit or laboratory animal models with acute hemorrhagic shock to assess the potential of being a tool of diagnosis and treatment prognostic indicator, no relevant research has been carried out to evaluate the predictive value of diabetic microangiopathy in literature so far. Herein, the investigators designed the study based on SDF imaging to collect scientific data, thus providing strong support for the early assessment and diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy and possibly guiding individual therapy in the future.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the commonest cause of chronic kidney disease, and proteinuria isn't determent factor for the end stage renal disease in diabetics. Apelin is adipokine and have a beneficial role in early prediction of diabetic nephropathy. Few studies were done about apelin in diabetes. Purpose of the study: to investigate the association between the apelinergic system and diabetic nephropathy.

Diabetes is a major health problem prolonged untreated diabetes cause kidney diseases that can leads to end stage renal disease (ESRD). There are several biomarkers to access the DN severity but there are conflicting regarding the specifity and sensitivity of these biomarkers. So it is important to identify novel biomarker for early detection DN and progression toward ESRD to minimize the prevelance of CKD in human population. Uromodulin is a tubular protein encoded by UMOD gene which expressed predominantly in the epithelial cells of thick ascending limb (TAL) of henel's loop. This study was conducted to evaluate the level of urinary uromodulin and its corresponding gene expression as a potentional marker for early detection of DN in type 2 diabetic patients

Worldwide, the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end stage renal disease (ESRD) is diabetes. Unlike the past, in south korea, diabetes account for more than 40% of ESRD. According to WHO reports in 1998, 100 million people had type 2 diabetes in 1997, and there is expected to increase by 300 million people in 2025. In addition, the expected survival time of patients with diabetes increase compared to previous. In the future, ESRD due to type 2 diabetes is expected to have a significant impact on the health industry. Therefore, prevention of progression to CKD and ESRD in diabetic patients is important to aspect of national health and economic problems. How to stop the progression of diabetic nephropathy is part of modern medicine to be solved. Strict glycemic control, blood pressure regulation, and use of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockers inhibit the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy. Microalbuminuria in diabetic patients has been recognized as a predictor of progression of diabetic nephropathy. Thus, the prevention of elevated urinary albumin excretion is an important therapeutic target for the prevention of renal and cardiovascular events. In patients with diabetes and hypertension, the drugs that block the RAS are used to treat proteinuria, but still a large number of patients with proteinuria are uncontrolled. In addition, ACE inhibitors or ARB agents actually have a limited effect on reducing the risk of cardiovascular or renal outcome. Also, sulodexide or pentoxyphylline which is reducing proteinuria have some weak evidence in terms of efficacy and safety. Therefore, the introduction of new alternative drugs are required. Already several study reported that calcitriol or paricalcitol in the renal injury model have renopreventive effect. In addition, in diabetic renal injury mice model reported that vitamin D receptor deficiency leads to glomerulosclerosis. Inhibition of the RAS with combination of paricalcitol and RAS inhibitors effectively prevent renal injury in diabetic nephropathy. Recently, Dick de Zeeuw et al reported that addition of paricalcitol to RAS inhibition safely lower residual albuminuria in patients with diabetic nephropathy. Recent studies reported that elevated concentrations of serum markers of the TNFα and Fas-pathways are strongly associated with decreased renal function in diabetic patients. However, the role of these markers in early progressive renal function decline are not clear. Therefore, the objective of this study is to identify the renoprotective effect as an new treatment of activated vitamin D (Calcitriol) indicating the TNF-α-related anti-inflammatory action and to seek the role as an important biomarker that the changes of TNFR in diabetic nephropathy can predict response to treatment.

This study aims to determine if different diabetes treatments have different effects on inflammation; in particular, kidney inflammation. This type of inflammation is common in people with diabetes, and can lead to kidney failure. This study will investigate the effect of different types of diabetes treatment on kidney inflammation. This will help us to decide if certain types of medicine should be preferred in people with evidence of inflammation in their kidneys, as this may help prevent major complications including kidney failure.