Active clinical trials for "Diarrhea"

The objective of the PATHOME study is to (1) develop statistical and computational methods for examining a complex disease system of interactions between and amongst children, animals, the environment, and enteric pathogens and (2) build a virtual laboratory for predicting which social and environmental developmental improvements best prevents multi-pathogen transmission to infants in urbanizing areas of high disease burden countries. Investigators will characterize how social and environmental development of urban neighborhoods in disease endemic settings modifies the "enteric pathome", i.e. the microbial communities of viral, bacterial, and protozoan pathogens transmitted by human and animal feces in the environment to infants. They will measure the impact of societal development on pathogen transmission to infants by applying a One Health ecosystem-based approach to characterizing interactions between enteric pathome agents in the environment and their transmission via interactions between infants, caregivers (CGs), animals, and environmental materials across domestic and public spaces and climate conditions. Data-validated statistical and computational models can quantify pathogen-specific attributable risk of infection through multiple pathways, and the extent that these risks are due to pathogen interactions with each other and the environment. The overall study hypothesis is that joint modeling of enteric pathome agents across urban households and neighborhoods representing transitional improvements in societal development will show that development leads to lower pathogen-specific detection frequencies, and thus evolution of the pathome from complex to simple microbial community structures. By studying spatial scale, developed and underdeveloped neighborhoods, specific transmission pathways, and seasonality in this process, the conditions that lead to the greatest declines in enteric disease incidence can be identified. This virtual laboratory will be built upon extensive data collection in two different Kenyan cities, including household and neighborhood economic indicators, clinical, zoonotic, and environmental microbiology, behavioral observation, geotracking of humans and domestic animals, climate conditions, population density, and infant anthropometry. This initial virtual lab will provide an evidence-based tool for predicting effective urban interventions to control fecally-transmitted disease in cities globally undergoing epidemiological transitions in infectious disease.

Probiotics are live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host. One of the most common indications for probiotic treatment is the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD). Unfortunately, many probiotic products used for AAD are not supported by rigorous independent research, and often results in non-evidence-based usage. The overarching objective is to move research forward for the most well-studied Bifidobacterium strain. The primary aim is to test the efficacy of high dose, BB-12-supplemented yogurt in preventing AAD, compared to yogurt without BB-12, in children receiving antibiotics. Other aims are to further assess the safety of yogurt supplemented with BB-12, and to carry out longitudinal community structure and gene expression analysis of fecal microbiota to evaluate the impact of high dose BB-12 in a pediatric population receiving antibiotics. The microbiota includes hundreds of species, and its disruption is hypothesized to be an important factor in the development of AAD.

Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial (RCT) study, to determine the impact of XCHT on irinotecan-induced severe delayed-onset diarrhea (SDOD), and to determine the feasibility of using plasma raloxifene-4'-glucuronide as a probe for intestinal UGT activity.

The research group intends to carry out a case-control study to recruit IBS-D patients with anxiety and depression symptoms, by collecting intestinal mucosa for single-cell transcriptome sequencing, collecting peripheral blood for proteomic analysis, the two groups and patient symptoms are associated, and then discover the characteristics of molecular level changes associated with brain-gut axis dysfunction, explore the pathophysiological mechanism of comorbid anxiety and depression and IBS, and discover potential targets for effective treatment. This project can help to construct the colonic single-cell map of IBS-D patients and explore the differentially expressed genes in the colon of IBS patients and their signaling pathways related to neuroregulation, providing an effective therapeutic target for the treatment of comorbid anxiety and depression and IBS.

This randomized trial in rural Bangladesh will measure whether installing concrete floors in households with soil floors reduces child enteric infection. The trial will randomize eligible households to receive concrete household floors or to no intervention and measure effects on child soil-transmitted helminth infection, diarrhea, and other enteric infections. The study will collect longitudinal follow-up measurements at birth and when children are ages 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months.

This study will use a noninferiority design to examine whether the administration of L rhamnosus ATCC 53103 & L reuteri DSM 29063 (Flostrum Baby) is no worse than (or as good as) the administration of a recommended probiotic L rhamnosus ATCC 53103 (commercially available as Dicoflor, hereafter a reference product) for the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children,

The purpose of this study is to determine if RVX-100 is safe and effective in treating acute abdominal pain in patients with irritable bowel syndrome accompanied by diarrhea.

This study is a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled phase 2 clinical trial to evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of Inactivated Rotavirus Vaccine (IRV) in children (aged 2-71 months). Primary immunogenicity endpoints in two age groups are the anti-RV neutralizing antibody geometric mean titers (GMTs) 28 days after the final dose, anti-RV neutralizing antibody geometric mean increase (GMI), and seroconversion rates between baseline and 28 days after the final dose. The secondary safety endpoints are the number of adverse events/reactions within 30 minutes after each dose, the number of solicited adverse events/reactions within 7 days after each dose, the number of unsolicited adverse events/reactions within 28/30 days after each dose, and the number of serious adverse events (SAE) between the first dose up to 6 months after the final dose. The exploratory endpoints are the anti-RV IgG and IgA antibody GMT 28 days after the final dose, GMI and seroconversion rates of anti-RV IgG and IgA antibody between baseline and 28 days after the final dose, GMT and seropositive rates of anti-RV neutralizing antibody, IgG antibody and IgA antibody 90, 180, and 360 days after the final dose. Besides, as the exploratory endpoint, the GMT, GMI, and seroconversion rates of cross-neutralizing antibodies against G3 and G9 type of RV, gene transcription differences in peripheral blood mononuclear cells on Day 0 and 28 after the final dose will be assessed.

To determine whether symptomatic treatment of the diarrhea in CDAD reduces morbidity and mortality of this serious nosocomial infection in patients who have antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Both C. diff positive and negative patients will be included.

The investigator's goal is to improve the patient's compliance and accurate capture of patient reported gas and bloating symptoms, by utilizing a phone application that interactively records each gas and bloating event in addition to bowel events and other bowel symptoms. Such an electronic stool diary may relieve the burden of using a paper daily stool diary. The investigator will compare and validate the electronic gas and bloating diary with the paper gas and bloating diary.