Active clinical trials for "Diarrhea"

The purpose of the study is to demonstrate that diosmectite efficacy is superior to placebo regarding time to recovery of an acute diarrhoea episode presumed of infectious origin in adult subjects.

The objectives of this study are (1) to determine the efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), given as oral capsules, compared with placebo for the treatment of refractory diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D); (2) determine the impact of FMT on the intestinal microbiome of patients with IBS-D; and (3) assess the safety, feasibility, and tolerability of FMT for patients with IBS-D.

To observe the safety and efficacy of moxibustion on diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome and evaluation by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Event related potential (ERP).

Children hospitalized with severe illness in sub-Saharan Africa are at high risk of morbidity and mortality following discharge from hospital. These children represent an accessible high-risk population in which targeted interventions to prevent morbidity and mortality could have dramatic impact. A large cluster randomized trial of azithromycin delivered in a mass drug administration program within trachoma endemic areas in sub-Saharan Africa demonstrated an almost 50% mortality benefit in children 1-9 years of age in treated communities. However, mass drug administration of azithromycin leads to the rapid emergence of macrolide resistance within treated communities and is expensive. The targeted delivery of azithromycin to children at hospital discharge may be a novel and practical intervention to maximize benefit while minimizing risk of antibiotic resistance. This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to determine the efficacy of azithromycin provided at discharge, compared to placebo, in reducing mortality and re-hospitalization rates in children age 1-59 months in Kenya. The study will also investigate potential mechanisms by which azithromycin may reduce morbidity and mortality in this population and will assess the emergence of antibiotic resistance among treated individuals and their primary caregivers. A cost-effectiveness analysis of the intervention will also be conducted.

In vitro findings have established that ursodeoxycholic acid is a surrogate for deoxycholic acid in preventing the growth of C. difficile, and interrupting recurrence. Investigators will administer ursodeoxycholic acid for two months, beginning with Metronidazole and/or Vancomycin (8 to 10 days), antibiotics currently used for the treatment of acute C.Difficile infection. Ursodeoxycholic acid prevents c.difficile recurrence by (a) directly suppressing the growth of C. Difficile and (b) permitting restoration of normal fecal bile acid composition (80% deoxycholic acid) to maintain growth suppression.

This study is an exploratory study aiming (i) to obtain clinical experience of GR68755 in Japanese subjects with severe d-IBS to explore the feasibility of the next phase study and (ii) to obtain reference data for endpoints and dosage and administration of a next phase study.

This is a non-randomized, open label, two-cohort, multi-institutional study to evaluate the use of diarrheal management tools intended to facilitate timely intervention and treatment modifications due to afatinib treatment-related diarrhea in patients with EGFR mutations-positive adenocarcinoma of the lung. Patients in Cohort 1 will follow diarrhea management. Patients in Cohort 2 will receive prophylactic loperamide starting the fist day of afatinib treatment.

Diarrhoea and malnutrition are the common childhood illnesses responsible for higher deaths in developing counties. Physiologically, malnourished children excrete lower amounts of salts and water in diarrhoeal stools, and they also are unable to handle excessive salts and water load. Some times they are found to be hyponatraemic due to the shift of sodium inside the cells (inefficient Na+ /K+ pump), and fluids containing higher amounts of sodium (such as the standard ORS) may lead to further increase in the intracellular sodium, fluid overload and heart failure. They also have depleted in potassium stores in the body. Recently, the WHO recommended a special ORS formulation, known as ReSoMal, for management of diarrhoea in severely malnourished children that contains a lower amount of sodium (45mmol/L) and higher amount of potassium (40 mmol/L) than the standard WHO-ORS. It is felt that an ORS containing lower sodium and higher potassium concentration may be useful in correcting hypokalemia, and in lowering the risks of excess sodium and /or overhydration, in severely malnourished children with diarrhoea. The safety of ReSoMaL is, however, still in question due to the risk of hyponatraemia, including symptomatic hyponatraemia, especially in the treatment of severe watery diarrhoea due to Vibrio cholerae and ETEC where loss of sodium in the stool exceeds than that is contained in ReSoMal. Thus an ORS solution with modest concentration of sodium (75 mmol/L) and higher concentration of potassium (40 mmol/L) have been suggested for the treatment of diarrhoea in these children. To improve the efficacy of oral rehydration, in terms of reducing the severity of purging and diarrhoea duration, different approaches (changing the substrates/ reducing the sodium and glucose concentration and osmolarity) have been tried with limited success. Benefiber (partially hydrolysed guar gum), a soluble fiber if added to a ORS solution is expected to be fermented in the colon liberating short chain fatty acids (SCFAs). SCFAs stimulate sodium and water absorption from the colon, and they have trophic effect, act as a fuel source for the colonocytes, have antibacterial properties and stimulates the production commensal flora, thereby may enhance recovery from acute diarrhoea in severely malnourished children. The aims of our proposed study are to examine whether an ORS solution with a modest concentration of sodium will prevent the occurrence of hyponatraemia including symptomatic hyponatraemia, and also whether addition of benefiber will improve the efficacy of ORS solution. This will be a randomized, double blind, controlled clinical trial in 186 children with severe malnutrition and watery diarrhoea (62 in each of the three treatment groups) to compare the efficacy of (i) the currently recommended ORS with some modofication(Na+ 75 mmol/L and K40 momol/L and minerals-Zinc, copper and magnesium), (ii) ReSoMal (Na+ 45 mmol/L), (iii) Currently recommended ORS (Na+ 75 mmol/L, K 40 momol/L and added minerals) with added Benefiber (25 grams/L), in the treatment of acute watery diarrhoea in children with severe malnutrition

Cross-over, tolerability study with healthy subjects taking Zavesca in combination with Florastor. Forty-two subjects will be randomized to one of two treatment sequences of Zavesca with Florastor and Zavesca with Placebo of Florastor. Gastrointestinal tolerability and PK endpoints, demographic, laboratory and safety testing, and AEs and SAEs will be collected throughout the seventy-four day study.

This study will assess if the pharmacokinetics, safety and tolerability of iOWH032 are grossly different in 1) Bangladeshi healthy population and 2) Bangladeshi cholera patients. This is not a hypothesis-driven research study.