Active clinical trials for "Diarrhea"

The primary hypothesis is that administration of iOWH032 to adult and pediatric males and females with acute cholera due to V. cholerae O1 reduces stool output in the first 24 hours significantly more than does the current standard of care.

Oral polio and rotavirus vaccines are significantly less effective in children living in the developing world. Tropical enteropathy, which is associated with intestinal inflammation, decreased absorption and increased permeability, may contribute substantially to oral vaccine failure in developing country settings. Other possible causes of oral vaccine underperformance include malnutrition, interference with maternal or breastmilk antibodies, changes in gut microbiota, and genetic susceptibility. Primary Objective: to determine whether tropical enteropathy impairs the efficacy of oral polio and rotavirus vaccines in children in Bangladesh. Secondary Objectives: 1) to determine the impact of an inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) boost on the efficacy of oral polio vaccine and 2) to determine the efficacy of oral rotavirus vaccine to prevent rotavirus diarrhea The polio and rotavirus randomized clinical trials are embedded as secondary objectives within the exploratory study of tropical enteropathy. The primary and secondary outcome measures are relevant to the randomized clinical trials.

Small bowel irradiation results in epithelial cell loss and consequently impairs function and metabolism. A metabolic end product of small bowel enterocytes is plasma citrulline. The investigators evaluate the correlation between plasma citrulline level, dose-volume histogram of small bowel, and small bowel toxicity grade by Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0 (CTCAE ver.4.0) to investigate whether citrulline can be used as a biomarker for quantifying radiation-induced epithelial cell loss.

MiroCam® is the new video capsule endoscope of IntroMedic®. By using a novel transmission technology it promises a longer battery life expectancy with consequential impact on the length of the video recorded for diagnostic evaluation. As the investigators know about the shortcoming of battery life expectancy from many capsule examinations that were inconclusive because the ileocaecal transit was not filmed, the investigators would appreciate to have a capsule with extended video recording to improve the diagnostic yield of capsule examinations. Therefore the investigators want to compare MiroCam® to our routinely used Olympus® Enteropro EndoCapsule® in the context of a half-year clinical trial. Focussing on the total video length as well as on the rate of video-recorded ileocaecal transitions as surrogate parameters the investigators want to find out whether one of the two products provides superior diagnostic information in order to reduce the amount of inconclusive examinations.

Antibiotics are currently required to treat patients in hospital when they have an infection, but these antibiotics can cause side effects such as diarrhoea and in some patients a serious form of gut infection with an organism called Clostridium difficile. This organism can produce toxins in the gut causing a severe form of diarrhoea associated with a lot of ill health, and in some circumstances can be fatal. Some studies have shown that yogurts' or Probiotics' (special drinks with a defined concentration of useful bacteria) taken by patients can have a beneficial effect in reducing the diarrhoea associated with antibiotics use. The aim of the present study is to find out whether the use of one of these Probiotics in hospitalised patients taking antibiotics will result in less diarrhoea, less Clostridium difficile infection, as well as cost saving. The study will also analyze the effects of probiotics on quality of life and length of hospital stay.

The purpose of this study is to measure whether a combined water, sanitation, and hygiene intervention leads to improved health of children who did not receive the intervention themselves and who live within a close vicinity of intervention recipients.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of Mesalamine and Amitriptyline drugs on the Quality of Life and Symptom Severity Scale in patients with Diarrhea- Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS-D). All patients will fill three validated questionnaires (IBS Symptom Severity Scale (IBS-SSS) , Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS ) and IBS Quality of Life (IBS-QOL) ) at the beginning of trial and at weeks 2,4,6 and 8 of treatment. Serum Immune Bio markers will be measured at 0,4, and 8 weeks of treatment. This study is a clinical trial upon 90 patients with Diarrhea- Predominant IBS (IBS-D) who are referred for the first time to our private gastrointestinal clinic from 2014 until 2016. All patients who meet the inclusion criteria enrolled for a 2-week period screening phase. In order to exclude patients with Lactose intolerance, all patients take a lactose-free diet for 14 days before inclusion and patients whose symptoms improve by this regimen will be excluded. This trial is a double-blind study and all patients will be assigned randomly to three groups: Mesalazine group: Patients receive Asacol (800 mg/TDS) and a placebo agent similar to Amitriptyline (10 mg/HS) for 8 weeks Amitriptyline group: Patients receive Amitriptyline (10 mg/HS) and a placebo like Asacol (800 mg/ TDS) for 8 weeks Control group (placebo group): Patients receive placebo like Asacol (800 mg/TDS) and placebo similar to Amitriptyline (10 mg/HS) for 8 weeks Ethical considerations: All patients will fulfill an informed consent Drugs are available without any charge Observation of Helsinki ethical statement

To assess the tolerability and effect of a probiotic product, when co-administered with antibiotics, on the incidence and duration of loose/watery stools following the antibiotic treatment in children.

The objectives of this study are to evaluate stool consistency and stool frequency during and up to 8 weeks following a 7 day antibiotic treatment with Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid 875mg BID.

This is a pilot study to assess the safety and immunogenicity of pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RV5) when administered according to an alternate dosing schedule (2-5 weeks, 2 months and 4 months). In this interventional, open-label study, infants 2 through 5 weeks of age (14 to 41 days) will be enrolled and vaccinated with RV5 according to a 2-5 week, 2 and 4 month schedule and infants 2 months of age (56 to 83 days) will be vaccinated according to the standard recommended schedule (2, 4, and 6 months of age). Sera will be obtained from subjects one month following the final dose of vaccine and will be assayed for anti-rotavirus IgA and rotavirus neutralizing antibody responses against the G1, G2, G3, G4 and P[8] serotypes. Post dose 3 G1 serum-neutralizing antibody (SNA) geometric mean titers (GMTs) will be compared between children receiving pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RV5) according to the alternate dosing schedule versus the standard recommended schedule. Likewise, post dose 3 G2, G3, G4 and P[8] SNA and serum rotavirus IgA GMTs will be compared between children receiving RV5 according to the alternate dosing schedule and the standard recommended schedule. The safety and tolerability of RV5 in children receiving vaccine according to the alternate dosing schedule will be described.