Active clinical trials for "Diarrhea"

Information on the mechanisms of zinc is still in developing phase. Ecological and biological implications of long term zinc supplementation at population level requires assessment. The trial aims to assess the impact of routine supplementation of zinc among young growing children and evaluate its impact on intestinal microbial flora and relationship with gut mucosa integrity and co-morbidities.

This study will determine whether lactobacillus GG (LGG), a beneficial bacterium, when given in yogurt, will reduce growth faltering in babies living in a poor area of Pakistan who are being weaned from breastfeeding. Study hypothesis: Use of the probiotic bacteria LGG at the time of weaning will lessen the impact of faltering growth in babies living in the slums of Pakistan.

Many patients suffer from chronic diarrhoea after surgical treatment for cancer in the right side of the colon. The investigators' main hypothesis is that colon cancer patients with chronic diarrhoea have a higher risk of bile acid malabsorption compared with colon cancer patients without diarrhoea. The investigators also expect that a part of the cases of bile acid malabsorption is caused by underlying bacterial overgrowth in the small bowel. The investigators assume that patients with severe bile acid malabsorption have a lower value of FGF19 in the blood compared to patients with moderate or none bile acid malabsorption. Furthermore, it is assumed that patients with chronic diarrhoea and documented bile acid malabsorption after surgical treatment for right-sided colon cancer will get improved bowel function when treated with a bile acid binder, or antibiotics in case of bacterial overgrowth.

The purpose of the study is to find out if individuals who received first and second dose of Oral Cholera Vaccine (OCV) in Lukanga Swamps, Central Province of Zambia have developed protection against future attacks to cholera. The investigators also want to investigate whether vitamin A deficiency and being HIV positive increases the chances of suffering from cholera.

This study aims to validate a possible diagnostic test for bile acid diarrhoea prospectively compared to the SeHCAT scintigraphy. Fasting participants are given a standard meal and 1,250 mg chenodeoxycholic acid. The investigators measure fasting FGF19, bile acids species including 7-alpha-CHO and serial blood samples after the stimulation.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether 14 days nutritional supplementation with Ready to use therapeutic Food (RUTF) or micronutrients alone to children having an infection will prevent malnutrition and reduce the frequency of morbidity.

Background: The incidence of gastrointestinal infections is very high. In Western countries at least 30% of the population suffers from at least one food-borne infection per year. Mostly because of the problem of antibiotic resistance, more emphasis is put on prevention of infections. One of the possibilities is to strengthen human resistance to gut infections by consumption of milk ingredients. Aim: To study whether a milk protein concentrate rich in phospholipids improves the resistance of humans to enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC). Study design: The MIRAGE study is a parallel, double-blind, placebo-controlled 4-weeks intervention with a milk protein concentrate rich in phospholipids in healthy subjects of 18-55 yrs of age. Participants will be randomly assigned to the milk protein concentrate rich in phospholipids or placebo group (n=30 per group). Subjects will be instructed to maintain their usual pattern of physical activity and their habitual food intake, but to standardize their dietary calcium intake. After an adaptation period of 2 weeks, subjects will be orally infected with a live, but attenuated, ETEC vaccine (strain E1392-75-2A; collection NIZO food research; dose will be 1010 CFU). Before and after infection, an online diary will be kept to record all food and drinks consumption (2x2 days) to assess the habitual dietary intake. The diary will also be used for daily recording of bowel habits and frequency and severity of gastrointestinal complaints. The following biological samples will be collected: 4x10 ml venous blood, a single fecal bolus (for screening) and 7x24 hrs feces. Blood is sampled for immune response analyses and the fecal samples are collected to quantify several infection- and immune system markers and to verify dietary calcium intake. Saliva is sampled three times before and after infection to quantify immune system markers. Primary outcomes: Fecal ETEC excretion and severity of diarrhea (quantified by fecal output per day). Secondary outcomes: Serum immune response to ETEC, self-reported stool consistency scores and gastrointestinal complaints, relative fecal wet weight.

The investigators aim to investigate whether the routine use of the probiotic formulation VSL#3 co-prescribed with antibiotics reduces the incidence of both Antibiotic associated diarrhoea and Clostridium Difficile associated diarrhoea.

Probiotics have been shown to reduce the rate of diarrhea and constipation. The purpose of this study was to investigate if probiotics could improve outcome of hospitalized orthopedic elderly patients.

In the United States, healthcare providers prescribe over 270 million antibiotic prescriptions each year. While antibiotics have transformed medicine and methods of treating life-threatening bacterial infection, broad spectrum antibiotics also induce disruption of resident gut microbial communities by altering both composition and function. This disruption of microbial community dynamics has been demonstrated at the taxonomic level, yet the extent of functional disruptions to microbial metabolic output and host cells remains understudied in humans. This study explores the impact of a broad spectrum antibiotic cocktail on microbial communities throughout the gastrointestinal tract, and the impact of a defined, multi-strain consortia of probiotic organisms following antibiotic exposure.