Active clinical trials for "Lung Diseases"

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of changes in foot structure on physical activity level, fatigue and quality of life in COPD patients.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) occurs in Clinically Amyopathic Dermatomyisitis(CADM) combined with Rapidly Progressive Interstitial Lung Disease(RPILD) within 1-3 months, which leads to death of patients and is difficult to treat. Even if high doses of glucocorticoids are ineffective, there is no recommended treatment for such patients, which is a huge medical challenge.Lymphopenia is an independent risk factor for death in CADM-RPILD, but the cause of lymphopenia is unclear.In this study, the level of lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood was detected by flow cytometer, in order to further clarify the pathogenesis of the disease, to facilitate clinical guidance of treatment, and to improve the survival rate of patients.In addition, studies have shown that INF-α levels are significantly increased in CADM patients combined with RPILD and are a poor prognostic factor for CADM-RPILD, suggesting that the interferon system plays a role in the pathogenesis of CADM and can be used as an evaluation index of the severity of CADM-RPILD.In this study, the levels of relevant cytokines including INF and IL-2, IL-17, IL-18, IL-6 were detected simultaneously, and the relationship between disease activity and lymphocyte subsets was analyzed, and the changes of lymphocyte subsets after Tofacitinib treatment were determined in order to facilitate clinical guidance of treatment.

High flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy is non-invasive respiratory support designed to deliver a high flow of heated humidified air, with or without entrained oxygen, via specifically designed nasal prongs. Initially developed for preterm infants, the application of the technology is rapidly spreading to include pediatric patients with various indications, including bronchiolitis, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), tracheomalacia, asthma, post- extubation support, and even adult hypoxemic respiratory failure. Since it appears to be better tolerated than traditional modes of non-invasive ventilation, such as continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP), it is increasingly used outside the intensive care setting, despite limited evidence of its safety and efficacy. In Israel, HFNC is approved for home support of children requiring non-invasive respiratory support on the recommendation of a paediatric pulmonologist or intensivist, provided that CPAP and BiPAP have been trialed and deemed not tolerated by the patient. At Schneider Childrens' Medical Center of Israel (SCMI), a tertiary paediatric hospital, therapy is commenced during a brief inpatient stay, at a period of clinical stability. Parents are trained in the use of the device and flow rate is titrated to clinical response. The investigators aim to describe the safety, indications, parameters of utilization, length of treatment, clinical outcomes and parental satisfaction of HFNC in the paediatric home setting.

Rationale. Currently there are well-established guidelines for the management of stable COPD. However, recommendations on the treatment of COPD exacerbations (E-COPD) are based on observational studies and low-quality clinical trials. In addition, there are some controversial aspects, such as treatment with systemic steroids. On the other hand, the available information on the adherence to the recommendations of the clinical practice guidelines (CPG) and its impact on the outcome of patients is scarce. Main objectives. (1) To examine the appropriateness of two clinical guidelines (GOLD and GesEPOC) of the current management of hospitalized exacerbations of COPD; (2) To determine in real-life clinical practice the impact of adherence to CPG recommendations for management of COPD exacerbations as an outcome of the disease (stay, in-hospital mortality, and 90-days post-discharge readmissions and mortality); (3) To examine the appropriateness of two clinical guidelines (GOLD and GesEPOC) of the treatment of stable COPD at admission and after discharge in patients hospitalized with exacerbated COPD; (4) To determinate in real-life clinical practice the impact of the suitability to CPG recommendations for treatment of stable COPD on 90-day post-discharge mortality and readmission of COPD. Method. National, multicenter, observational and longitudinal study of the first consecutive 20 patients hospitalized for exacerbations of COPD between December 10 and 23, 2019 in the Internal Medicine Services of the participating Centers. Patients will be followed 90 days after discharge. A total of 400 patients will be recruited in 20 Spanish hospitals (20 per center). Independent variables: age, sex, admission service, body mass index, dyspnea (mMRC), obstruction (FEV¬₁), exacerbations in the previous year, comorbidities, bronchodilator treatment prior to admission, criteria of adequacy to the CPG in the clinical evaluation and treatment, hyperglycemia during the first 24 hours of admission, treatment of hyperglycemia and bronchodilator treatment at discharge. Outcomes: in-hospital mortality, mortality at 90 days, re-admission at 90 days. Statistical analysis: Parametric and non-parametric tests, Kaplan-Meier and ROC curves and multiple logistic regression.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a serious but treatable chronic health condition. Optimised management improves symptoms, complications, quality of life and survival. Disease exacerbations, which have adverse outcomes and often trigger hospital admissions, underpin the rising costs of managing COPD (projected increase in the United Kingdom (UK) to £2.3bn by 2030). The costs and care-quality gap of COPD exacerbations, coupled with the global rising prevalence present a major healthcare challenge. This study proposal, which has been developed in partnership with patients, clinicians, enterprise and government representation is to conduct an implementation and effectiveness observational cohort study to establish a continuous and preventative digital health service model for COPD. The implementation proposals comprise: - Establishing a digital resource for high-risk COPD patients which contains symptom diaries (structured patient reported outcome questionnaires), integrates physiology monitoring (FitBit and home NIV therapy data), enables asynchronous communication with clinical team, supports COPD self-management and tracks interaction with the service (for endpoint analyses). Establishing a cloud-based clinical COPD dashboard which will integrate background electronic health record data, core COPD clinical dataset, patient-reported outcomes, physiology and therapy data and patient messaging to provide clinical decision support and practice-efficiencies, enhancing delivery of guideline-based COPD care. Use the acquired dataset to explore feasibility and accuracy of machine-learned predictive modelling risk scores, via cloud-based infrastructure, which will be for future prospective clinical trial. Our primary endpoint for the effectiveness evaluation is number of patients screened and recruited who successfully utilise and engage with this RECEIVER clinical service. The implementation components of the project will be iterated during the study, based on patient and clinical user experience and engagement. Secondary endpoints include a number of specified clinical outcomes, clinical service outcomes, machine-learning supported exploratory analyses, patient-centred outcomes and healthcare cost analyses.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has substantial economic and human costs. To minimize these costs high quality guidelines have been developed. However, development of guidelines alone rarely results in changes to practice. One method of integrating guidelines into professional practice is the use of clinical pathways (CPWs). The investigators are working with local stakeholders to develop CPWs for COPD with the aims of improving quality of care and guideline adherence while reducing healthcare utilization. The CPWs will utilize several steps including: standardizing diagnostic training, implementing and unifying common components of chronic disease care, coordinating the provision of education and reconditioning programs, and ensuring disease specific care utilizes and delivers evidence-informed practices. In addition, the investigators have worked to identify evidence-informed strategies for the implementation of the CPWs. Efforts are underway to tailor these implementation strategies for the local context. The investigators will conduct a three-year quantitative health services research project using an interrupted time series (ITS) design in the form of a multiple baseline approach with control groups. The CPW will be implemented in two Saskatchewan health regions (experimental groups) and two health regions will act as controls (control groups). The experimental and control groups will each contain one urban and one rural health region. This project is expected to improve quality of life and reduce healthcare utilization. The project will also provide evidence on the effects of CPWs in both urban and rural settings. If the pathways are found effective the investigators will work with all stakeholders to implement similar CPWs for the remaining health regions in the province.

The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of the treatments in two cohort for COPD patients: one, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) cohort, which have been evaluated and have certain effect; the other, conventional medicine treatments cohort, based on 2015 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD).

This study aims to assess the influence of exposure to swimming pool environment on respiratory symptoms and diseases, and on cancer outcomes among swimmers and swimming pool attendants.

Early recovery after surgery was new developing science in recent years. However , there was few reports in thoracic surgery field . Investigators try to using digital chest drainage management system into the field of postoperative care and to see whether it could help patients to recovery from surgery as soon as possible. According to investigators's clinical data collecting , investigators will establish a new postoperative care guideline for those patients who receive thoracic surgery

Pneumonia is a major infectious cause of death worldwide and imposes a considerable burden on healthcare resources. Obstructive lung diseases (COPD and Asthma) are increasingly important causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), and acute exacerbations of obstructive lung diseases commonly present with similar signs and symptoms. For antibiotic use, the rapid and accurate differentiation of clinically relevant of bacterial lower respiratory tract infections from other mimics is essential. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive sphingolipid has both extracellular and intracellular effects in mammalian cells. S1P is involved in many physiological processes including immune responses and endothelial barrier integrity. In term of endothelial barrier integrity, S1P plays a crucial role in protecting lungs from the pulmonary leak and lung injury. Because of the involvement in lung injury, S1P would be the potential biomarker of pneumonia. Based on the above evidence, S1P plays an essential role in the pathobiology of pneumonia was hypothesized.