Active clinical trials for "Lung Diseases"

The primary objectives of this study are to assess bronchodilator efficacy as determined by forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), the effect on dyspnoea as determined by the Baseline Dyspnoea Index/Transition Dyspnoea Index (BDI/TDI), the effect on health status as determined by the St George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) and the effect on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations.

The primary objective of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of Helium/Oxygen (He/O2) 78%/22% compared to a conventional Air/O2 mixture in reducing endotracheal intubation rate and mortality in patients with severe hypercapnic exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) during their index Intensive/Intermediate Care Unit (ICU) stay.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) affects over 14 million people in the United States. It is the fourth leading cause of death and the only leading cause of death for which mortality rates are rising. Medical science has developed few effective therapies for COPD. In patients with advanced COPD and chronic hypoxemia, long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) has been shown to be uniquely beneficial. It is the only available non-surgical therapy demonstrated to prolong survival in these patients. This study will compare the clinical and physiologic benefits of two different oxygen therapy devices among hypoxemic individuals with COPD: a lightweight ambulatory oxygen device versus the standard portable E-cylinder device.

This is a phase 2, Multi-center, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the effects of inhaled Iloprost in patients with pulmonary hypertension secondary to COPD. The main objective is to investigate the effect of iloprost on exercise endurance time during constant work rate cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Other efficacy and safety endpoints will additionally be analyzed.

Infants of < 1500 grams of birth weight who require a > 1 week mechanical ventilation (breathing machine) or CPAP [continuous positive airway pressure] (oxygen at a high flow through the nose) may have prolonged oxygen requirements. The nasal cannula (oxygen through the nose at a low flow) is the most commonly used method of oxygen administration, despite a lack of data regarding its safety and efficacy. Low birth weight infants are vulnerable to obstruction from secretions and blood, as well as the presence of the nasal cannula. Partially obstructed nostrils greatly increase the work of breathing. Additional potential adverse effects include an increased need for suctioning, increased risk for systemic infection, and inadvertent positive end expiratory pressure (CPAP). No study has been conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the nasal cannula compared to an oxygen hood (plastic "hood" that is placed over the infant's head to provide oxygen) on gas exchange or infection. Among infants who require supplemental oxygen (by either a nasal cannula or an oxygen hood) for clinical indications, objectives the investigators hope to accomplish in a randomized blinded (investigator) trial: Aim 1: To determine the short-term effect of different flows of oxygen by the nasal cannula on transcutaneous PCO2 (PTCO2). Aim 2: To determine, once optimal flow is established in Aim 1, the effect of prolonged (one week) use of a nasal cannula compared to an oxygen hood on PTCO2.

A One Year Clinical Trial Assessing the Usefulness and Safety of Inhaled Insulin in Diabetics with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

In this proposal, we will implement a randomized controlled trial to determine whether nocturnal NIMV applied for 3 months: 1) improves (disease-specific) health related quality of life (HRQL) of COPD patients compared to a control group of patients treated with sham NIMV therapy (primary outcome); 2) improves exercise tolerance and walking capacity of COPD patients; and 3) improves heart rate variability and decreases sympathetic tone in COPD.

The purpose of this pilot study is to evaluate whether administration of nitric oxide (NO)gas by oxygen hood at 20 ppm significantly increases PaO2, as compared to placebo gas (oxygen), within one hour of initiation and with no significant adverse effects.

Nemiralisib is being developed as an anti-inflammatory drug for the treatment of inflammatory airways disease. This study is designed to assess the dose response, efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of nemiralisib across a range of doses [up to 750 micrograms (µg)] compared with placebo. The study consists of a Screening Period, a 12-Week Treatment Period and a 12-Week Post-Treatment Follow-Up Period. Approximately 1,250 subjects with an acute moderate or severe exacerbation of COPD requiring standard of care (SoC) therapy will be randomized in this double-blind study. Subjects will be randomized to receive different doses of nemiralisib or placebo via ELLIPTA® inhaler. The total duration of study participation is approximately 6 months (170 days). ELLIPTA is the registered trademark of GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) group of companies.

The interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are a family of closely related lung conditions characterized by alveolar inflammation, injury, and fibrosis not due to infection or neoplasia. While previously considered to be rare, a recent nationwide study found that idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a fibrotic ILD with a median survival of only 3.8 years, affects nearly 0.5% of older adults in the U.S. While pirfenidone and nintedanib slow the progression of IPF, neither reverses fibrosis nor prevents progression of the disease,and no studies to date have tested interventions that prevent the development of fibrotic ILDs.