Active clinical trials for "Alcohol Drinking"

Background: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is the most common substance use disorder in the world. Long-term AUD can affect a person s sense of taste and smell. This natural history study will compare alcohol drinking behaviors and measures of taste and smell in people with and without AUD. Objective: To understand how alcohol use changes the senses of taste and smell. Eligibility: People aged 18 to 65 years with or without AUD. Design: Participants will be screened. They will have several tests to assess their smell and taste functions. They will answer questions about their eating, alcohol use, and smoking or vaping habits. Participants will have 2 study visits. They will give samples of blood, nasal mucous, saliva, stool, and urine. Their bodies will be measured. They will undergo a type of scan that uses X-rays to measure their body composition. They will complete taste measurements. They will taste liquids by swishing them in their mouth, without swallowing. Then, they will be asked what they can detect and which flavors they preferred. They will also complete smell measurements. They will be asked if they can identify strong odors on a metal wand. They will be asked to rate the intensity and pleasantness of odors. Their brain activity in the frontal regions will be measured while they smell various odors. For this, we will use a brain imaging tool called functional near infrared spectroscopy. They will have sensory testing. Sensations such as pressure, pinpricks, heat, or vibrations will be applied to their skin. Then, they will be asked what they felt. They will keep diaries. They will write down what they eat (for 3 days), the alcohol they drink (3 days), and how much they sleep (14 days). They will wear a wristwatch-like device that records their activity for 14 days.

This proposed study is to test whether Health Check-up for Expectant Moms (HCEM), a computer-delivered screening and brief intervention (SBI) that simultaneously targets sexually transmitted infection (STI) risk and alcohol/drug use during pregnancy, reduces antenatal and postpartum risk more than an attention, time, and information matched control condition among pregnant women seeking prenatal care.

Alcohol use is the second leading cause of preventable death after smoking. The Evin law was built in 1991 with the goal of reducing exposure to alcohol marketing among the youngest. But this law is currently extremely weakened, and in a press release of February 26, 2018, the French Society of Alcoology is alarmed by these developments. Studies on the impact of alcohol marketing focus for the most part on young adolescents and the links between marketing exposure and alcohol initiation. But beyond these links, little work has been done on the impact of alcohol marketing on vulnerable subjects with regular alcohol consumption. Alcohol consumption is one of the very first causes of hospitalization in France. The damage is often limited to the notion of risks of dependence, but it can appear as soon as consumption of 1 standard unit/day and mainly concerns the 45-64 year olds. To investigator knowledge, there are no studies on the impact of alcohol marketing carried out among regular alcohol users with moderate or severe alcohol use disorders.

This research project proposes a novel approach to elucidate the biological adaptations associated with Alcohol Use Disorder and to assess whether such adaptations are predictive of higher alcohol craving in response to both alcohol cues and stressors and higher relapse risk and alcohol use in the real world.

Background: - About 17 million adults had an alcohol use disorder in 2012. Researchers want to follow people that have alcohol problems and want treatment, as well as those who do not want treatment and healthy volunteers. They also want to gather information on people with and without alcohol problems, including information on genes and biological processes in the body.. This will help them better understand, prevent, and treat alcohol problems. Objective: -To look at a broad range of traits in people who are healthy people and people with alcohol problems. To study them for potential eligibility for other research protocols conducted at the NIH Clinical Center. Eligibility: Adults age 18 and older. Not being pregnant or imprisoned. Design: Participants will have a physical exam. They will answer questions about their health and alcohol and drug use. They will have an electrocardiogram to check their heart. They will have blood, urine, and breath alcohol tests. Participants without alcohol problems, or who have them but do not want treatment, can sign the second consent for screening and research. Participants that have alcohol problems and want treatment will be treated at the NIH Clinical Center. They will be offered to sign the second consent at a later time. Participants may join an inpatient treatment and detox program. It could last up to 6 weeks. Or they may join an outpatient program. Some may do both. After discharge, participants may be called and asked questions about their drinking and health. If participants sign the second consent, they: will complete paper- and computer-based questionnaires. will give blood samples. may have a brain scan using magnetic resonance imaging. They will lie on a table that slides in and out of a cylinder that takes pictures. The machine makes loud noises. They will get earplugs.

Alcohol is a major modifiable risk factor for female breast cancer; yet, awareness of this risk remains surprisingly low and is not systematically addressed in healthcare settings. This study aim to test the effectiveness of a co-designed, automated brief alcohol intervention (Health4Her-Automated) in reducing women's drinking intentions, improving alcohol literacy, and reducing consumption.

The research study is being conducted in health controls to better understand the effects of ketosis on brain functioning after 3 different, randomly assigned, 3-day dietary interventions and the acute effects of alcohol after consuming about 4-5 alcohol beverages. The labs visits will use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans to study the brain, measuring levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), lactate, neurotransmitters glutamate, and Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA).

The objective of this within-subject study is to test the effects of Episodic Future Thinking (EFT) and Low-intensity Focused Ultrasound (LIFU) interventions on the pain of subjects who have chronic pain and alcohol use disorder(s).

The study will be a three-arm randomized controlled trial in a convenience sample of 150 smokers aged 18-25 years with a drinking habit who will be recruited from smoking hotspots in Mong Kok. Participants will be randomized into a standard treatment (ST), II, or control arm. Participants in the ST arm will receive a brief smoking cessation intervention based on the Asking about tobacco use, Advising smokers to quit, Assessing their willingness to quit, Assisting in quitting, and Arranging for follow-up and Relevance, Risks, Rewards, Roadblocks and Repetition models. Participants in the II arm will receive brief advice on alcohol use based on the FRAMES model in addition to the brief smoking cessation intervention. Booster interventions will be provided to both ST and II arms at 1-week, 1-month, 3-month, and 6-month follow-up. Participants in the control arm will receive leaflets on smoking cessation and alcohol abstinence. Data collection will be done at baseline and at 1-week, 1-month, 3-month, and 6-month follow-ups. Self-reported quitters at 6-month follow-up will be invited for biochemical validation.

Chronic alcohol consumption leads to perturbations in gut microbiome balance (dysbiosis) and disruption of gut barrier integrity. As a result, bacteria, toxins, and metabolites can enter the blood stream and reach distant organs, triggering inflammation and oxidative stress. Through this mechanism gut leak is closely related to the onset of metabolic diseases, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and diabetes. Despite the prominent role of diet and alcohol in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases, there is a lack of treatments to mitigate their effects in triggering systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. Novel treatments using generally recognized as safe (GRAS) compounds focused on restoring the intestinal barrier to mitigate metabolite endotoxemia are sorely needed. This project will test the potential of broccoli sprouts extract (BSE) as a GRAS treatment to minimize the combined effect of poor nutrition and alcohol on the gut. Broccoli sprouts are rich in sulforaphane, a bioactive compound derived from the glucosinolate glucoraphanin with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant proprieties. BSE supplementation has been used in preclinical and clinical studies as a health- promoting food, showing significant positive changes in the gut microbiota composition, protection against colitis, cardiometabolic improvement, and lower inflammation. We believe that BSE is a viable alternative therapeutic approach for patients who are resistant to lifestyle changes such as healthy eating and reducing alcohol use. Our purpose is to test BSE supplementation in human subjects with poor nutrition compounded by alcohol use, specifically in older adults who we believe will receive greater benefit from this approach. At the completion of the proposed study, we expect to have determined that treatments using generally recognized as safe (GRAS) compounds can be useful to restore the gut barrier integrity, and as consequence of reduced gut leak we expect to observe lower inflammation and oxidative stress.