Active clinical trials for "Drug Overdose"

Propofol is one of the most commonly used anesthetics in the world. However, the dose-response of propofol was remarkable variety. Herein, this study aims to investigate the possible association of gene polymorphism and propofol susceptibility, and to research more precise infusion model of this drug.

Naloxone is the standard treatment in response to cases of suspected opiate overdose. Buccal formulation of naloxone is a novel alternative to the licensed naloxone injection which, by removing the risk of accidental needle-stick, may be safer and easier to administer. Current UK policy allows the emergency administration of naloxone by any member of the general public (Strang, Kelleher, Best, Mayet, & Manning, 2006), and the preventative provision of naloxone to drug users and their family members ("take-home naloxone") is possible on a prescription basis. Thus, buccal naloxone may be particularly suitable for administration by family members who are providing interim overdose management care while awaiting the arrival of an ambulance. The aim of this study is to examine the bioavailability and dose proportionality of buccal naloxone compared with the licensed injection standards (intravenous, intramuscular). The investigators hypothesise that buccal naloxone is not inferior to the injection reference in absorption kinetics, i.e. time elapsed till peak concentration (Tmax; primary outcome), peak plasma concentration (Cmax), overall absorption (AUC), bioavailability (F%) and, duration of action (mean terminal half-life; T1/2). The investigators propose a pharmacokinetic pilot investigation with within-subjects (crossover) design, comparing two doses (0.8 mg; 1.6 mg) of buccal naloxone hydrochloride solution to the licensed intramuscular (IM; 0.8 mg) and intravenous (IV; 0.8 mg) routes of injection. The investigators will invite four healthy (i.e., non-opioid using) male volunteers (n=4, not powered), each of whom will attend four experimental sessions at counterbalanced sequence. Each volunteer will receive naloxone hydrochloride doses of 0.8 mg IM, 0.8 mg IV, 0.8 mg buccal, and 1.6 mg buccal, with only one dose administered per session. Blood concentrations will be measured at selected times during each session to establish speed of naloxone absorption, time to peak concentration, estimated half-life, and overall bioavailability. This dose-ranging pilot will inform future work by providing preliminary data on buccal naloxone absorption into the bloodstream and by establishing feasibility of the buccal route for naloxone delivery.

The glycation extent of human hemoglobin is under control of the Maillard reaction, a chemical interaction between an amino acide and a reducing sugar. About 5% ( 31.1 mmol/mol) of hemoglobin molecules secluded in a red blood cell are glycated; excessive values > 6.5% point to prediabetes or overt diabetes mellitus. To ascertain the diagnosis doctors prescribe oral glucose tolerance upon which glucose concentrations in blood increase - how much HbA1c reacts under these circumstances is ill known.

This is a pilot study that aims to develop good clinical practices to improve outcomes after an opioid overdose and transition of care from the Emergency Department (ED) into an Office Based Opioid Treatment (OBOT) clinic for patients with opioid overdose/Opioid Use Disorder (OUD). We intend to involve UVA Emergency Medicine and Medical Toxicology physicians with buprenorphine waiver or an interest in becoming waived at our institution to implement early initiation of buprenorphine protocol. We hope that this change in practice will result in better management of patients with OUD and opioid overdose, reduce relapse and improve engagement in addiction treatment. Subjects who meet criteria will be consented in the ED and receive a buprenorphine/naloxone induction protocol, prior to discharge and referral to the OBOT clinic. Subjects who consent to take part in this study will be entered in a database to track their involvement in treatment (s) at UVA and or any opioid related UVA health visits including OPIOID OVERDOSE.

This study determined the effects of different iodine intake on the maternal and infant health and provide evidence for studying the RNI and UL of iodine in pregnant women. The study of effect on mothers and their infants of the lack of iodine at different gestation in adequate iodine area. The purpose of this study was to detect the maternal thyroid function, growth and neuropsychological development of infants in different pregnancy women with diverse iodine intake levels, and to make a clear evaluation for the influence of iodine deficiency during different pregnancy by following up iodine suitable early pregnancy women and mild iodine deficient three pregnancy women as well as their infants. The study of recommended iodine intake (RNI) for healthy pregnant women in three pregnancy. Different pregnancy women with different iodine intake levels were recruited and carried out iodine balance experiment in the case of not interfering with their diet. In addition, the iodine intake of the pregnant women when they reached "zero iodine balance" was calculated, that was EAR of iodine in pregnant women. In conclusion, the iodine balance experiment in pregnant women at different pregnancy improved the sample collection methods and evaluation criteria and was more scientific and reasonable than the classic iodine balance experiment. The study of effect of different levels of high iodine exposure on pregnant women, delivery women and their infants. In this study, we made a prospective study of the early pregnancy women and their infants exposed to different high iodine levels in high water iodine areas. At first we defined the effects of long-term iodine excess exposure on the health of the mother and the infants by combining with the reference index of the normal value of the thyroid function in different maternal and postpartum periods, the level of growth and development of the offspring and the assessment of the level of neuropsychological development. Furthermore the harmful effects of different high levels of iodine exposure on pregnant women was synthetically analyzed. This study obtained the safe intake level of iodine for pregnant women and provided scientific basis for the formulation of iodine UL in pregnant women in China.

Evaluation of drug overdose cases presented to Assiut university hospitals' adults and pediatric emergency departments (EDs) in one year period. Evaluation the role of intensive care unit (ICU) admission in these cases and possible scoring system for common groups of drug overdose.

The purpose of this project is to evaluate the case characteristics of patients who receive intravenous lipid emulsion therapy. Previous literature to date has focused on animal studies or has been primarily limited to case reports or small case series. This prospectively collected data set will permit a much more detailed description of the use of lipid, its potential benefits, and potential harms.

RTM Vital Signs, LLC is developing a miniature wearable tracheal sound sensor that communicates with a cell phone containing a machine-learning diagnostic algorithm designed to detect and predict the onset of mild, moderate, and severe hypoventilation (respiratory depression) due to an opioid overdose. The purpose of this clinical trial is to develop/validate diagnostic algorithms capable of detecting/predicting the onset of hypoventilation induced by a controlled intravenous infusion of fentanyl. The wearable sensor and algorithms will provide a series of alerts and alarms to the person, caregiver, and/or emergency personnel.

There is no consensus on monitoring criteria in acute self poisoning. Clinical scores, vital signs or lactatemia have failed to prove good predictive value. The main acute self poisoning complication is decreased consciousness level with consequent increased risk of hypoxemia and aspiration pneumonitis. Several clinical studies have recently shown that EtCO2 monitoring can be valuable in procedural sedation in the emergency department. It is able to predict hypoxemia before any SaO2 decrease and any complications related to these procedures. We therefore hypothesized that EtCO2 could help in acute self poisoning patients' monitoring in the ED.

A growing body of research underscores the life- and cost-saving advantages of equipping people who use opioids with naloxone, but very little is known about: 1) barriers to naloxone awareness and access, and 2) the potential psychosocial and behavioral impacts of being "protected" by naloxone while engaging in overdose risk behaviors, of using naloxone on someone else, and of surviving an overdose in which naloxone is used. This research will provide insight into both of these domains to yield a richly contextualized understanding of the processes and mechanisms underlying changes in overdose risk behaviors related to naloxone access and use and will illuminate the disparities that may limit access to naloxone for some or result in compensatory behavior following naloxone exposure for others. Findings from this study will provide an empirical basis to strengthen and refine existing overdose prevention efforts and to design tailored interventions to engage opioid users who have recently survived or reversed an overdose.