Active clinical trials for "Substance-Related Disorders"

The purpose of this study is to test if a parenting program can be used to prevent substance use among Latino youth and at the same time promote healthy eating. Pairs of 7th grade students and one of their parents will be enrolled in the study and randomly assigned to three groups: an existing parenting intervention focusing on substance use prevention (FPNG), the enhanced parenting intervention that also has nutrition content (FPNG+), and a comparison program focused on academic success. Only parents will attend intervention sessions. Data will be collected from the parent and their 7th grade student to see how these programs impacted substance use, nutrition, and parenting. The investigators hypothesize that families receiving the FPNG+ will have improved nutrition habits than the other conditions. Students in both FPNG and FPNG+ will have lower substance use rates as compared to the academic success program. In addition, the effects of parenting strategies and sociocultural factors on the FPNG and FPNG+ results will be studied.

The purpose of this research is to improve the ability of primary medical staffs in screening and intervention for alcohol, benzodiazepines, and other illicit drug use.

Using a 2-group, mixed method group randomized trial design, this study will compare standard implementation versus Enhanced Replicating Effective Programs (Enhanced REP) to deliver Michigan Model for Health (MMH) in Michigan high schools.

Parents with substance use disorders are disproportionately more likely to engage in harsh physical discipline, which can lead to serious clinical outcomes, including child maltreatment and the intergenerational transmission of addictive disorders. One mechanism linking substance use and maladaptive parenting strategies is parental delay discounting, or the tendency to value smaller, immediate rewards (such as stopping children's misbehavior via physical punishment) relative to larger, but delayed rewards (like shaping adaptive child behaviors over time). This study will examine the efficacy of implementing a low-cost, brief intervention targeting the reduction of parental delay discounting to inform broader public health efforts aimed at reducing child maltreatment and interrupting intergenerational cycles of substance abuse in traditionally underserved communities.

Making referrals to medical and psychosocial services for substance abuse clients has proven difficult due to lack of access to services, inadequate counselor knowledge, and lack of motivation and skills among clients. Inflexxion is proposing the development of ASI-MV Solutions, which will educate clients about employment, legal, psychiatric, relapse prevention, medical, and family issues, as well as include resources and strategies for counselors. By linking learning modules to client results on the ASI-MV, an online interactive version of the ASI administered in treatment settings, we will be able to offer clients important tools to address key recovery issues and encourage counselors to make appropriate referrals to medical and psychosocial services.

Girls in the juvenile justice system who have high rates of delinquency, drug abuse, and trauma are particularly at risk for engaging in risky sexual behavior and for contracting HIV/AIDS or other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). No effective prevention programs for girls who have this combination of behaviors is known to exist at this time. Researchers are developing, assessing, and implementing a family-centered prevention program to decrease girls' participation in the risky behaviors associated with the spread of HIV and STIs. The program also includes a group-based training and support program for parents.

This study will evaluate the efficacy of yoga taught during school to positively influence risk and protective factors of substance use and the initiation and severity of substance use. The study hypothesis is that, compared to a control group participating in regular physical education classes, subjects who participate in 32 yoga sessions across an academic year will improve in negative internalizing behaviors and self-regulatory skills that are known risk and protective factors for substance use. This study will also test the hypothesis that the yoga intervention will reduce both severity of substance use and the degree of substance use initiation.

The study will seek and recruit substance-using Black Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) in New York City for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) testing and will link and retain those who are HIV infected in HIV primary care. The STAR study has two primary objectives: to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of Respondent Driven Sampling (RDS) in the substance using Black MSM population for identifying individuals who are HIV infected and not in care; and to assess the relative effectiveness of patient navigation and financial incentives in linkage and retention to HIV care.

Alcohol and drugs consumption are among the highest risk factor for health in Chile and abroad. In Chile, harmful use of alcohol continues to be a major contributor to the burden of disease while lost years of healthy life are higher than many other risk factors such as hypertension, overweight and obesity, and hyperglycemia. It is important to say that the impact of alcohol consumption is greater in younger age groups where fatal injuries occur relatively early in life, as well. In Chile, the consumption pattern in 2008 showed that 49.8 % consumed at least once in the last month for alcohol, 3.5 % for marihuana and 1.3 % for cocaine. This prevalence was even greater in young adults and adolescents and is associated with other mental health issues and poorer life quality. Those who have consumed marihuana during the last year, 25% report dependence symptoms. For cocaine derives, dependency rises up to 50% among the consumers. This data reinforce the need to design and implement strategies for reducing alcohol and drugs consumption in our population. Also, it is well known that a high number of those who suffers from any addiction problem do not get attention in a specialized center. The are many barriers to do so, such as lack of motivation, lack of resources, social problems, access to care problems, and so on. Chile has a shortage of preventive interventions for those at risk to develop an addiction at an early stage of substance use because front line health services (Primary health care and emergency care) and other social services (police stations, local justice courts) do not have a screening system and a model of brief intervention. The Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, through its Addiction Studies Center (CEDA UC) and its Department of Family Medicine, is working in conjunction with SENDA (Servicio Nacional para la Prevención y Rehabilitación del Consumo de Drogas y Alcohol ) to design, implement and evaluate a communal system for early detection, brief intervention and referral to treatment (SBIRT), in people older than 18 years, with substance consumption in five municipalities in the country. The aid of this study is to demonstrate that a model of brief intervention is more effective than the approach currently used in patients with substance use at moderate risk (i.e.follow-up). It is a multicentric randomized controlled trial, single blind, with a group to receive brief intervention and a control group that is kept in control and waiting list being re-evaluated three months later. The target population is composed by users whose ASSIST screening scores place them in the moderate risk group, for which there has not been defined a structured intervention yet by our health system. The information will be obtained from the scores obtained after the application of the ASSIST-WHO questionnaire.

The specific aims of the 5-year study are to: 1) describe the nature and extent of substance use and sexual risk behaviors in a sample of 500 sexually active, substance using, not-in-treatment men who have sex with men (MSM) in urban South Florida (Miami/Ft. Lauderdale); 2) identify the independent covariates of baseline substance abuse and sexual risks; 3) evaluate, through random assignment of participants, the relative effectiveness of two intervention conditions in reducing sexual risks and substance use, as measured at 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up assessments: a) an innovative five-session risk reduction intervention derived from psychological empowerment theory titled Project GOAL; and, b) an enhanced community standard-of-care HIV counseling Comparison Condition.