Active clinical trials for "Substance-Related Disorders"

This study's goal is to partner with public libraries to prevent substance use and sexual risk-taking among urban African American adolescents (ages 13-16) affected by parental drug use. An existing universal evidence-based intervention (Focus on Youth with Informed Parents and Children Together, abbreviated as FOY+ImPACT) will be adapted for adolescents affected by parental drug use and delivered in libraries. FOY+ImPACT is a skill-building intervention aimed at preventing substance use and sexual risk-taking among high-risk African American youth. The investigative team will conduct a pilot study to assess the feasibility and initial efficacy of a library-based prevention intervention for adolescents affected by drug use. Participants will be Black adolescents (13-16 years old) affected by parental drug use (N=120). Adolescents will be randomized by partner organization to receive the intervention virtually. Pre, Post and 3-month follow-up data will be collected using computerized surveys. Primary outcomes will be substance use (i.e., marijuana and alcohol use, two of the most common drugs for this age group) and sexual risk behaviors (i.e., initiation of sex and frequency of unprotected sex).

Youth living with HIV in Kenya frequently use substances and this negatively affects their mental health as well as viral suppression. The goal of this study is to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a peer-delivered substance use screening and brief intervention for these youth.

Specific Aim 1: Conduct a pilot, small-scale randomized controlled trial to examine feasibility and preliminary efficacy of LTW, compared to TAU. Outcomes related to feasibility include percentage of eligible patients recruited, study attrition, study retention, and mental health and substance use treatment appointment attendance. Outcomes related to preliminary efficacy will include participation in screening, referral and treatment as well as reduction in mental health and substance use at 1 and 3 months post-study enrollment, compared to TAU. Specific Aim 2: Conduct a randomized controlled trial to examine the effectiveness of LTW, compared to TAU. Outcomes related to effectiveness include attendance to treatment as well as reduction in mental health and substance use at 1 and 3 months post-study enrollment, compared to TAU.

The goal of this project is to test the effectiveness of a successful anti-drug communications campaign (Be Under your Own Influence) to lower substance use among AI 7th graders. The campaign uses messages that support youths' personal autonomy and future aspirations, and these messages are delivered to 7th graders using high school students. Our goal is to develop a turnkey package for the broader population of AI youth and schools and to develop components that can incorporate flexibility and creativity in their delivery.

The purpose of this study is to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a web-based version of the Family Check-up (FCU). The FCU is a school-based family-centered intervention that has been developed over the past 20 years and tested across the United States with diverse populations. It focuses on enhancing parenting skills and family management in early adolescence. The FCU has been shown to be highly effective at reducing adolescent problem behavior, achievement problems, depression, and substance use over an extended period of time. In the original FCU, parents complete an assessment that evaluates family strengths and challenges. They then receive feedback from a family consultant about how their data compare to other families with children of the same age. As part of this feedback session, the consultant helps motivate parents to make changes at home that will positively impact their child and family overall. Parents and consultants decide together which child behaviors they most want to see change. The consultant then works with parents to enhance relevant parenting and family management skills. Despite the demonstrated effectiveness of this intervention, few schools have the resources and staffing to implement it without substantial support. It seems, then, that schools would benefit from an online package that requires fewer school resources to implement. The FCU-Online is designed to incorporate the successful components of the original FCU while reducing the burden on schools. And, because it is accessed online, parents can utilize this resource at a time and location convenient to them. In this study, 300 families will be randomly assigned to one of three conditions: a web/ mobile-only version of the FCU, a web/mobile + coach version, or middle school as usual. Research on mental health interventions delivered over the internet suggests that a coach or "in-person" contact enhances outcomes. However, programs that require no coaching or in-person contact are cheaper and easier for schools to deliver. Therefore, a web/ mobile-only version may allow more schools to deliver the intervention to a greater number of families and children. Thus, investigators will test the relative effectiveness of a coach version versus an online-only version at improving key parenting skills. It is predicted that changes in parenting will lead to reductions in risk behavior, such as problem behavior at school and substance use.

Substance misuse is a common problem among HIV+ individuals. Research suggests that a Screening, Brief Intervention, and Treatment (SBIRT) model can be effective in reducing substance misuse in the general older adult population; however these findings have not been verified in the more vulnerable HIV+ older adult population. The present study seeks to address the problem of substance misuse in older HIV+ adults by piloting a SBIRT model for older HIV+ adults in a in a primary care setting. Individual reductions in alcohol and drug use can have significant effects on public health and safety when observed over a large population at risk for substance use problems. With wider dissemination statewide, a relatively low-cost intervention such as SBIRT could offer demonstrated benefits in this population.

The aim of this study is to pilot test a web-based, patient-centered educational program that encourages the patient to have an informed discussion about pain medication options with their emergency department (ED) provider.

This is a five-year R01 effectiveness trial where tribal partners are committed to assessing the Family Listening/Circle Program's effectiveness and disseminating the approach and intervention within Indian Country as a best practice in reducing substance abuse health disparities.Three specific aims of the grant are 1) To rigorously test effectiveness of FLCP; with a comparative longitudinal design within and across the tribes, with 4th graders to prevent substance initiation/use and strengthen families; 2) Through CBPR, support TRTs to transform their research capacities into local prevention research infrastructures and partnering; 3)To assess additional program effects on other health/education programs and leadership within the tribes. In sum, this multi-tribal/academic partnership builds on accomplishments to test the effectiveness of an innovative intervention. This grant provides an unparalleled opportunity to reduce substance abuse in three tribal communities, strengthen tribal research capacities, and impact substance abuse prevention research designs nationally, by illustrating how CBPR processes can integrate evidence-based and cultural-centered practices to create effective programs that generate community ownership and sustainability.

Insufficient inhibitory control is one pathway through which early adversity is related to a range of problems including excessive alcohol use, tobacco use, and unhealthy eating. The proposed research leverages a neurally informed model of inhibitory control and how it can be improved to test the efficacy of a person-centered inhibitory control intervention in a sample of mid-life individuals with early adversity. The knowledge obtained by this study could be scaled into a flexible, low-cost, and wide-ranging intervention to remediate some of the effects of early adversity on inhibitory control and thus a number of prevalent health risking behaviors.

A sample of 300 young (15-29) men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender persons living in South-East Michigan's Detroit Metro Area (DMA) will be recruited through venue-based sampling and online ads to examine the efficacy of adding a substance use brief intervention (SUBI) to standard HIV prevention and care (SOC) for achieving gains in successful engagement in HIV care. The investigators will partner with Detroit-area AIDS Service Organizations (ASOs) to deliver the intervention.