Active clinical trials for "Vomiting"

There are evidences that intraoperative administration of low doses of ketamine may contribute to control the postoperative pain by acting on the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) channel, reducing the effects related to the tolerance and hyperalgesia induced by opioids. This study aims to evaluate the effects of administration of this agent not only as an analgesic but also its role in the quality of recovery from anesthesia, which includes observation of emotional, psychological and physical aspects. Patients who were scheduled to undergo total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) for laparoscopic cholecystectomy will be enrolled in this clinical study. After induction of anesthesia, patients will receive one of three solutions according to the randomly selected group: ketamine 0,2 mg/kg; ketamine 0,4 mg/kg or saline. In the recovery room and on the ward, data related to the presence of pain, analgesic consumption, the incidence of nausea and vomiting, dizziness or hallucinations will be recorded. The next day, the quality of recovery will be evaluated by application of the questionnaire QoR40 (Quality of Recovery Questionnaire-40).

The purpose of this study was to compare the antiemetic efficacy of aprepitant plus palonosetron versus aprepitant plus ramosetron in high risk patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is one of the most common postoperative complications of general anesthesia in pediatrics. Pediatric rates of nausea and vomiting are approximately double those of adult patients. Aromatherapy has recently been shown to reduce PONV in adults, but the effect in paediatric patients is unknown. The goal of this study is to determine the feasibility of a large-scale study in the paediatric population.

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is one of the most undesirable complications after general anesthesia, and may lead to increased hospital stay and health care costs. The risk factors for PONV include sex (female population), nonsmoking status, past history of motion sickness and/or previous PONV, duration of anesthesia and surgical type (particular gynecologic surgery) and postoperative use of opioids. The overall incidence of PONV has been reported to be 30% with considerable variability, but can increase up to 69%- 80% in women undergoing gynecologic surgery with general anesthesia and morphine-patient controlled analgesia (PCA). Serotonin receptor antagonists (5-HT3) have been suggested one of the first line therapies for preventing PONV because of their efficacy and few side effects compared with other antiemetics. However, despite the use of this treatment, the incidence of PONV has been reported to be between 48 % and 50%. Naloxone is a drug used to counter the effects of opioid. It was found that administration of low dose naloxone prevents opioid side effects such as nausea and pruritus without affecting analgesia or opioid requirements in patient receiving morphine PCA. It was reported that the use of two antiemetic acting at different mechanisms is better to prevent PONV than monotherapy. Therefore, this prospective, randomized, controlled study was designed to investigate the antiemetic efficacy of combination of ramosetron and premixture of naloxone with morphine PCA after gynecologic surgery.

The purpose of the study is to mainly evaluate the efficacy and safety of aprepitant in combination with olanzapine ,palonosetron and dexamethasone for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in patients receiving highly or moderately emetogenic chemotherapy.

Perioperative nausea and vomiting may occur in 50-80% of patients undergoing cesarean section. Metoclopramide is a well known Dopamine receptor antagonist that acts at the Chemoreceptor trigger zone and is used effectively for the prevention and treatment of nausea and vomiting. Propofol can antagonize Serotonin receptors in the area postremal and is associated to a reduced incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Some studies have shown that propofol can prevent intraoperative nausea and vomiting during cesarean section. The control of risk factors and the pharmacological prophylaxis of nausea and vomiting reduces effectively their incidence. In this randomized, double blind, case-control study the efficacy of propofol alone, metoclopramide alone and in combination in controlling nausea and vomiting were compared. A risk factor control strategy was associated to each study group.

This is a double-blind, randomized, multiple-dose, placebo- and positive-controlled study of CL-108 (hydrocodone 7.5 mg/APAP 325 mg, promethazine 12.5 mg) in patients with moderate to severe pain following surgical removal of impacted third molar teeth. A positive control ( Norco, a commercial formulation of hydrocodone 7.5 mg/APAP 325 mg) was included to determine the anti-emetic effects of CL-108. The efficacy of CL-108 was also evaluated to placebo for the relief of pain.

The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of a single palonosetron IV dose compared to a single ondansetron IV dose in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting through 24 hours after surgery in children aged from neonates up to less than 17 years undergoing elective surgical procedures requiring general intravenous anesthesia. The secondary objective is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of IV palonosetron in pediatric patients.

NETU-10-29 is a clinical study assessing safety of netupitant and palonosetron, two antiemetic drugs, both given with oral dexamethasone. The objective of the study is to evaluate if netupitant and palonosetron are safe when administered to prevent nausea and vomiting after administration of repeated cycles of chemotherapy.

NETU-08-18 is a two-arm clinical study assessing efficacy and safety of a single oral dose of netupitant and palonosetron, two antiemetic drugs, versus oral palonosetron, both given with oral dexamethasone. The objective of the study is to demonstrate that netupitant and palonosetron are more effective than palonosetron alone, to prevent nausea and vomiting induced by moderately emetogenic cancer chemotherapy after administration of repeated cycles of chemotherapy.