Active clinical trials for "Vomiting"

The investigators investigate the association between the administration of glycyrrhizin during induction of general anesthesia and the occurrence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in patients undergo breast surgery

This is a longitudinal, one arm, prospective phase II study, designed to evaluate the efficacy of Olanzapine Netupitant and Palonosetron in the controll of nausea and vomiting induced by highly emetogenic chemotherapy.

Postoperative nausea/vomiting (PONV) is a common problem following surgery and anesthesia. There are risk factors that increase the incidence of PONV that are related to the patient, to the surgical procedure or to the anesthetic agents. At the subjective level PONV is described as worse and more feared than postoperative pain by many patients. At the objective level it increases the length of stay in the recovery room, it results in unplanned hospital admission and Emergency Room visits, and therefore increased cost of care. A lot of research work has been done to identify pharmacological agents to prevent and treat PONV. The higher the risk of a patient the higher number of these drugs are combined for prophylaxis. However, these drugs have significant side effects of their own. Much less attention has been paid to potential non-pharmacological PONV prevention options. The purpose of our study is to investigate the putative role of the natural stimulation of normal gastrointestinal function via the Pavlovian reflex. We seek to find a natural method with no side effects to improve PONV prophylaxis in patients with risk factors for that postoperative complication.

Breast cancer is one of the three most common cancers worldwide, and the primary treatment method is surgery.Since most patients are non-smokers who use opioids in the postoperative period, which are known risk factors for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) according to the Apfel Risk Score. Breast surgery was identified as a strong risk factor for PONV. According to the previous studies, the incidence of PONV is 30-70% in patients undergoing the breast cancer surgery, which not only gives patients unpleasant and painful experience, but also prolongs the hospital stays and delay patient discharge and adds to hospital costs. We compared the effects of dexamethasone alone vs. in combination with Pericardium 6 (P6) electrical stimulation or granisetron for inhibition of PONV in women undergoing breast cancer surgery.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of additional ramosetron injection for controlling late postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after breast surgery in high risk PONV patients. The investigators compared PONV amomng 3 groups- group C: no additional ramosteron, group B: two additional ramosteron doses at 12 hour interval, group M: two additional ramosetron doses mix to the intraveonus patient controlled analgesia.

The purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of acupressure point P6 stimulation versus intravenous ondansetron plus metoclopramide versus no antiemetic prophylaxis during elective cesarean section under regional anesthesia.

Effect of intravenous versus intra-peritoneal dexamethasone on the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting following Laparoscopic gynecological surgeries.

BACKGROUND: Palonosetron is a second generation serotonin antagonist usually used in a fixed dose of 75 mcg for the prophylaxis of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Although there are a few trials evaluating bodyweight-adjusted doses of palonosetron, the ideal dose for obese patients has not yet been investigated. The aim of this study is to evaluate if the use of bodyweight-adjusted doses of palonosetron (1mcg / kg) is more effective than a fixed dose (75mcg) on preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in female patients with a body mass index equal to or above 30 kg /m2 whom have undergone breast surgery METHODS: A prospective, randomized double-blind trial will be conducted at the National Cancer Institute (INCA - HCIII), in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Eligible patients are female aged between 18-70 years of age with an ASA physical status of one to three, with body mass index equal to or greater than 30 kg / m2, scheduled to undergo elective breast surgery. Forty patients will be randomized to receive a fix dose of 75 μg of palonosetron (group I - GI) and 40 patients will receive a bodyweight-adjusted dose of 1mcg/kg of palonosetron (group II - GII). Patients will be assessed over 3 time periods: 0-6 h, 6-26 h and 24-48 h after surgery. After discharge, all patients will be contacted by telephone at regular intervals to record the episodes of nausea and vomiting as well as analgesic and antiemetic requirements. The primary outcome measure will include the number of emetic episodes, the incidence of nausea, the need for rescue antiemetics and the analgesic requirement over 48h. The secondary outcome will be to evaluate the frequency of polymorphism of the 5-HT3 receptors and their correlation with the antiemetic effect and adverse effects.

Fentanyl is a commonly used drug for the prevention of emergence agitation and reduction in postoperative pain in children receiving tonsillectomy. However, fentanyl can cause postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), which is a main target side effect that medical staff strives to prevent. However, recent meta-analysis showed that the incidence of PONV may be different depending on the time of administration of fentanyl. However, the research design of patients enrolled in each study, such as the age, the name of the operation, and the method of anesthesia, is not identical. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of fentanyl in patients undergoing tonsillectomy with a prospective randomized controlled trial. Secondary outcomes include incidence and severity of emergence agitation and anesthesia recovery time, postanesthesia care unit (PACU) time, side effects.

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is related with extended hospital day and risk factor of aspiration pneumonia. Postoperative patient controlled intravenous analgesia is related with postoperative nausea and vomiting. Selective 5-HT3 antagonist, Palonosetron, is the most recent medication for prevention of PONV. Purpose of our study is comparison of PONV preventive effect of palonosetron and combination of palonosetron and dexamethasone.