Active clinical trials for "Encephalitis"

Using a retrospective cohort of 501 patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis to assess clinical and immunological prognostic biomarkers

Study for performance evaluation of the QIAstat-Dx® Meningitis/Encephalitis Panel in comparison with other chosen comparator methods.

The hypothesis is that a subgroup of patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/ Myalgic Encephalopathy (CFS/ME) have a chronically activated immune system and may benefit from B-lymphocyte treatment using the monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody rituximab with induction and maintenance treatment.

To compare pyrimethamine and intravenous (IV) clindamycin vs. pyrimethamine and sulfonamides in the treatment of AIDS patients with central nervous system (CNS) Toxoplasma gondii.

This research is being done to determine whether transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can improve certain mental abilities in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) or encephalitis. Participants will be asked to come in daily for two full weeks during which time participants will undergo cognitive testing and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) brain scans. In this research, a very weak electrical current is administered to the surface of the scalp while participants complete cognitive tasks. The investigators' aim is to find out whether tDCS will improve task performance in adults with multiple sclerosis or encephalitis.

Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) and paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) are rare neuroimmune syndromes with a wide range of clinical presentation but without pathognomonic clinical sign facilitating the diagnosis. A lot of differential diagnoses are possible such as neurodegenerative diseases or viral infections. Although rare the diagnosis of AE or PNS is essential because despite severe neurological symptoms, patients can be cured by appropriate immunotherapy. Autoantibodies highly specific of AE and PNS has been described in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of the patients and can be used as biomarkers of the disease. Their presence can predict an autoimmune origin and in many cases a good prognosis after immunotherapy. However, if some autoantibodies are now well-characterized and industrial kits have been developed to detect them, in numerous cases of highly suspect AE or PNS no specific autoantibodies are identified leading frequently to an inappropriate treatment. Furthermore, as the mechanisms of AE and PNS is still unknown, treatments are not optimal and in some cases inefficient. There is no prognosis biomarker able to predict the patient's sensitivity to immunotherapy and there are only few clues to know how the immune system can provoke the neuropsychiatric symptoms observed in the patients. The investigators will use this project to better characterize AE and PNS patients to identify new diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and develop new diagnostic tools.

A multi-center, open, phase 4 clinical trial to assess the long-term immunogenicity and safety of fourth administration of Boryung Cell-Culture Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine inj. and to conduct an exploratory investigation on vaccine interchangeability in Korean children aged 6 years who received primary 3 doses with ENCEVAC® or Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine-GCC® inj.

The purpose of this study is to describe the immunogenicity and safety of IMOJEV® in adult and pediatric populations in Vietnam and serve a bridging study to compare immunogenicity, reactogenicity, and safety data obtained with IMOJEV® in the Vietnamese population with data from other Asian pediatric populations. Primary objective: - To describe the safety profile of a single dose of IMOJEV®. Secondary objectives: To evaluate the immune response to JE 28 days after the administration of a single dose of IMOJEV® in healthy Vietnamese subjects aged from 9 months to 60 years.

Investigation of efficacy of vigabatrin in refractory autoimmune encephalitis patients

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is an acute viral zoonotic disease. Neurologic manifestations of the disease range from subtle changes in behavior to serious problems, including blindness, ataxia, weakness, and movement disorders. The Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) occurs primarily in Southeast Asian. It is spread by culicine mosquitoes, most often Culex tritaeniorhynchus. Its incubation period is 5 to 15 days.In China, JE epidemic peak season is from June to August and it mainly occurred in children. JE has ranked in top ten infectious diseases according to either incidence or mortality. JE vaccines are used to protect the population especially young children and infants from encephalitis diseases. Live attenuated JE vaccines are now widely used. They are directly produced from attenuated virus which may increase the possibility of virulence reversion. Many developed countries are using purified model inactivated JE vaccine. Therefore, it is an inevitable trend in China to develop a new generation of safer and more effective inactivated vaccine to prevent and control epidemic encephalitis.