Active clinical trials for "Brain Diseases"

The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy and safety of colistin versus lactulose for secondary prophylaxis of overt hepatic encephalopathy in patients with liver cirrhosis.

The goal of this First-In-Human (FIH) trial is to learn about safety and PharmacoKinetics (PK) in healthy adult volunteers. The main questions it aims to answer are: What is the safety of single ascending doses of the FluoroEthylNorMemantine (FENM)? What is the PK profile of single ascending doses of the FENM in human? What is the preliminary exploratory time course of Brain Disease Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) plasmatic levels of single ascending doses of the FENM? Participants will receive one single oral dose of FENM.

The purpose of this study is to see if the use of wireless brain wave monitoring can be helpful for newborns and help their medical providers identify seizures earlier and to monitor for the risk for seizures.

Vegetables are thought to be beneficial not only because of their high content of fiber, which promotes bacterial fermentation and decreases colonic transit time, decreasing ammonia absorption from the gut, but also because of their high BCAA content, low methionine and tryptophan contents, and the induction of gut microbiota which, in turn, increases fecal nitrogen excretion. Also the fact supporting the underlying rationale for the use of vegetable proteins is that dietary fiber contributes to the improvement of glycemic control in these patients. Smaller sample studies also support the idea that vegetable based protein diets have better effect on cognition in patients with HE; in these studies vegetable protein diet was compared to meat protein diet and patients with HE showed improvement in cognition on former diets. However, no positive effects were shown by Shaw or Chiarino. Similarly, another older single blind crossover study (n=10) showed that as compared to meat proteins, vegan diet has a better effect on mental status as determined on psychometric testing in patients with HE. As a result of the limited studies and small number of participants of the effect of vegetable proteins on HE, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of a vegetable versus mixed animal and vegetable protein diet on hepatic encephalopathy.

This will be a five year study that will be a prospective, randomized, controlled trial (RCT) to assess the effect of a virtual early intervention care delivery model in the provision of therapy to enhance the neurodevelopmental trajectory of infants with brain injury. In addition, the investigators will enhance understanding of the social and parental contributors to outcomes and the early health economic impact of a virtual clinic. The results of this study will help inform the design of a larger, multi-center randomized controlled trial.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of lactoferrin as an adjunct therapy in improving clinical symptoms and laboratory indices in individuals with hepatic encephalopathy.

A total of 46 patients diagnosed with liver cirrhosis will be recruited. All patients will be evaluated with five psychometric tests and critical flicker frequency to diagnosis minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE). A breath test sample will be performed in all patients with MHE with 10 g of lactulose to establish the diagnosis of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). Patients diagnosed with EHM and SIBO will be randomized to receive per day 1200 mg of rifaximin (group A) or placebo (group B) for 2 weeks. A complete medical history, nutritional assessment, biochemical studies, and evaluation of quality of life will be performed in all patients included in the study. Besides the initial visit, patients will receive subsequent care 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 weeks after the beginning of the study.

Healthy volunteers will be recruited. All subjects will be tested a battery of neuropsychological tests, then undergo fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). During the PET and MRI, they will be stimulated with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for 15 minutes. A third of subjects will receive real tDCS on the left prefrontal cortex, a third on the right prefrontal cortex, and the other third will receive sham tDCS.

This is a global study to compare the effects of AXA1665, an orally active mixture of amino acids, compared to placebo, on cognitive and physical function, as well as the safety and tolerability of AXA1665.

The Optimizing Cooling trial will compare four whole-body cooling treatments for infants born at 36 weeks gestational age or later with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: (1) cooling for 72 hours to 33.5°C; (2) cooling for 120 hours to 33.5°C; (3) cooling for 72 hours to 32.0°C; and (4) cooling for 120 hours to 32.0°C. The objective of this study is to evaluate whether whole-body cooling initiated at less than 6 hours of age and continued for 120 hours and/or a depth at 32.0°C in will reduce death and disability at 18-22 months corrected age.