Active clinical trials for "Enterocolitis"

This is a prospective in vitro cell biology study of polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) protein synthesis in response to PAF. PMNs from cord blood of premature human infants at risk for NEC (birth weight between 501 - 1500 grams) and PMNs from cord blood of healthy term infants will be isolated and stimulated with PAF, a biologically active phospholipid implicated in the pathogenesis of NEC. NEC, a disease of prematurity with an incidence of 10.1% of infants born weighing between 501 - 1500 grams, is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We will compare the protein synthesis of inflammatory modulators, including Interleukin 6 Receptor alpha (IL-6R alpha) and Retinoic Acid Receptor alpha (RAR alpha) proteins to protein synthesis responses already observed in PMNs isolated from healthy adults. Furthermore, we will characterize the expression and activity of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) translational protein synthesis control pathway in PMNs isolated from preterm and term infants and compare those results with previous observations in PMNs isolated from adults. This pathway is known to regulate IL-6R alpha and RAR alpha protein expression in PMNs isolated from adults. We will also follow those premature infants at risk for NEC clinically to determine which infants develop NEC and what risk factors may be associated with NEC in this population.

The aim of this study is to validate a blood test that can identify safe foods for food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES). This study proposes a solution to the problems of FPIES by developing a new blood assay that screens a large number of foods (more than 20) in a culture plate. If this blood test is successful it may be able to identify safe foods more quickly. The study will recruit ten participants that will have 2-3 trigger foods as well as ten participants with 4 or more trigger foods.

Infections after elective intestinal surgery remain a significant burden for patients and for the health care system. The cost of treating a single surgical site infection is estimated at approximately $27,000. In adult patients, there is good evidence that the combination of oral antibiotics and mechanical bowel preparation is effective at reducing infections after intestinal surgery. In children, the body of evidence is much weaker. In this population, little evidence exists for oral antibiotics reducing infections and no data exists as to the effect of combining antibiotics with mechanical bowel preparation (such as polyethylene glycol (PEG)). The goal of the proposed study is to examine the effects of oral antibiotics with and without the combined use of mechanical bowel preparation on the rate of post-operative infectious complications in children aged 6 months to 18 years. This will be compared to the institution's current standard of care, which is to abstain from any type of mechanical bowel preparations or oral antibiotic administration before intestinal surgery.

Project Summary: The prevalence of preterm birth ranges from 5% to 18% across 184 countries, and an estimated 15 million infants are born preterm globally. These infants with an immature immune system and gastrointestinal tract are at risk of complications of premature birth, which is the leading cause of neonatal death. According to researcher hypothesis for this study, there is role of probiotics in promoting food tolerance and reducing the incidence and severity of Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) and death related to NEC in pre-term VLBW infants. In the current study, we will examine the effects of probiotics in premature infants and figure out the optimal intervention through randomized controlled trial (RCT). A prospective, masked, randomized single blinded controlled trial will be conducted in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Services Hospital Lahore. In this trial the treatment group will receive the probiotics during their first month of life, and the control group will receive no treatment. Primary outcome will be the incidence of death or NEC (≥ stage 2). Death is included as a primary outcome because it is a competing variable of NEC. The x2 test will be used to analyze the categorical data, along with Fisher's exact test when applicable. The Student's t test will be used for continuous data. A logistic regression model will be used to analyze the treatment effects on the primary and secondary outcome variables (death, NEC, and sepsis). Values will be expressed for mean and standard deviation. Statistical significance is set at P-value of 0.05. The objective of this study is to confirm the evidence and to get the more reliable and authentic results regarding the more effective treatment of NEC in preterm neonates. In this way, the researcher shall be able to improve the outcome of premature births and to reduce the complications by increasing the cure rate. Similarly, it will help the researcher to improve knowledge for better management of NEC in neonates.

Neutropenia after induction or consolidation therapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients is associated with a high morbi-mortality rates, especially due to infectious complications. These are managed according to international recommandations (ECIL and IDSA) with antibiotherapy and antifungal strategy. Although the patients suffer of digestive symptoms, intestinale complications are really less explored. Neutropenic enterocolitis (NE), cytomegalovirus (CMV) colitis, Clostridium difficile colitis, specific lesion, ischemic colitis are not well-known. No prospective study evaluate NE and these digestive complications which have high morbi-mortality rates.

Study Description The goal of this observational study is to detect intestinal flora and the metabolic products in premature infants diagnosed as necrotizing enterocolitis. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Whether there is intestinal flora in the stool of premature infants. 2. Are there dysregulated intestinal flora and their metabolic products in premature infants diagnosed as necrotizing enterocolitis. 3. The detailed role and underlying mechanism of the intestinal dysbacteriosis and the metabolic products in premature infants diagnosed as necrotizing enterocolitis. Participants, premature infants diagnosed as necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC group), will be asked to collect stool (usually 2 times) for intestinal flora analysis. If there is a comparison group: Researchers will compare premature infants without necrotizing enterocolitis (control group) to see if their intestinal flora and the metabolic products also changed as their NEC counterparts.

Food Protein-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome (FPIES) is a non IgE-mediated allergy, presenting with vomiting, and may be complicated by hypovolemic shock. The pathophysiology of FPIES is not well characterized and there is no biological marker confirming the diagnosis or predicting recovery. Gut microbiota in IgE-mediated allergy is pro-inflammatory and the addition of pro- or prebiotics can accelerate healing. Microbiota of patients with FPIES have never been studied yet. The aim of this work is therefore to analyse longitudinally the gut microbiota of patients with FPIES, before and after healing, in order to predict the recovery from FPIES. The cutaneous and salivary microbiota will also be analysed at the same time, in order to look for a correlation between these three microbiota.

The study investigators hypothesize that Clostridium butyricum and Clostridium neonatal will be more frequently found in the stool of preterm infants with ulcerative necrotizing enterocolitis compared to healthy matched control infants. Systematic daily samples should show that the kinetics of colonization precedes the onset of the pathology. Finally, the systematic ecological survey at the time of infection could help understand the mode of acquisition and transmission of these bacteria.

This is an observational study to identify genetic risks for neonatal diseases, necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) using genome-wide association study (GWAS) and enterotype investigation. We hypothesize that specific genetic factors and microbiome could predispose preterm neonates for the development of NEC.

Necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC) is one of the most serious disease in the newborn infants, and two and more grades of NEC usually lead to surgery, even death. But, it is difficult to predict when to operate the surgery.