Active clinical trials for "Carcinoma"

Local control rates of nasopharyngeal carcinoma are increasing, but 15% of patients still have local recurrence within 5 years after initial treatment. Systematic treatment based on chemotherapy has become the mainstream approach for recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma which is intolerant to local therapy. we sought to find an efficient chemotherapy regimen with high tolerance according to the characteristics of chemotherapy drugs, that is, to explore the efficacy and safety of platinum plus 5-fluorouracil with continuous intravenous infusion at a low dose for a long term.

Esophageal cancer (EC) is the seventh most frequently diagnosed cancers and the sixth leading causes of cancer death worldwide . It is one of the most common malignancy in China, with the third highest morbidity and mortality rate. More than 90% of patients with EC in China have esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) followed by surgery is currently widely used strategy for locally advanced surgical EC. At present, conventional imaging methods have certain defects (focus only on the volume change) in the evaluation of the efficacy of nCRT. Whereas functional imaging can more comprehensively reflect the biological and microstructural characterization of tumors. The changes of these aspects of tumors can be observed earlier than volumetric changes of tumors. The normal metabolism of the body is the basis for ensuring life activities. Due to the increased energy demand and proliferation of tumor tissue in patients with cancer, the metabolism of patients is different from that of normal person. Thus, the metabolic alterations seen in cancer cells have emerged as one of the hallmarks of cancer. Previous metabolomic studies have demonstrated various metabolic alterations in patients with ESCC. Many metabolites have been found to be promising diagnostic, staging or prognostic biomarkers for ESCC. However, there are few studies on metabolic markers on the chemoradiation sensitivity of esophageal cancer. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to evaluate the value of functional imaging parameters and metabolic markers in assessing and predicting pathological response in patients who underwent nCRT for ESCC.

The study is to explore the correlation between intestinal flora diversity and meta bolites in patients with advanced lver cancer rceiving Anti-PD-1 combined target-ed drug therapy,so that to get the analysis of intestinal flora of PD-1 inhibitors in liver cancer.

The current first-line treatment for HBV is long-term oral antiviral drugs to inhibit HBV DNA replication. First-line antiviral drugs recommended by the Chinese 2015 Hepatitis B Guidelines include ETV and TDF. This study is based on a real-world clinical cohort to retrospectively analyze the effects of ETV and TDF on the long-term (5-year) incidence of HCC in Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis B with compensated cirrhosis. The results will guide the revision of the Chinese HBV guidelines.

Liver cancer is a common malignant tumor in China, and its incidence rate ranks third and remains high. The treatment of liver cancer has made some progress in recent years, mainly the progress of radical treatment such as surgery and ablation. For liver cancer, due to the emergence of molecularly targeted drugs such as sorafenib and immunological checkpoint inhibitors, the systemic therapeutic effect of advanced liver cancer is improved, and the curative effect is further improved. In recent years, immunotherapy has become one of the clinical treatment options for cancer. T lymphocytes are a cell with cell killing ability in the immune system, and programmed death factor 1 (PD-1) is an important inhibitory receptor on the surface of T lymphocytes. It is known that the ligands of PD-1 are PD-L1 and PD-L2, and studies have found that a variety of tumor cells have high expression of PD-L1 ligand on the surface. At present, clinical research on target drugs for PD-1 has included dozens of solid tumors or hematological tumors. The results of clinical studies that have been completed and the interim results of some studies indicate that anti-PD-1 antibody drugs are more effective and safer than previous treatments. Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) often undergo liver cancer resection, but the recurrence rate can reach 70% to 100%, which seriously affects the treatment outcome and long-term survival rate. Early recurrence of liver cancer is mainly related to the invasiveness of the tumor. Microvascular invasion, non-anatomical hepatectomy, AFP greater than 32 ng/ml, tumor diameter greater than 5 cm, and incomplete tumor capsule are risk factors for recurrence within 2 years after surgery. Hence, it is necessary to determine the risk factors for HCC recurrence and the markers for continuous monitoring of anti-tumor response before and after surgery. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is an integral part of "liquid biopsy" and has great potential to change the current treatment modality in the cancer field. CTCs are derived from solid tumors and are associated with hematogenous metastasis. Therefore, analyzing the level of CTC has clinical guiding significance. For liver cancer patients, overall survival (OS) tended to be poorer in patients with CTCs. Although surgical treatment of liver cancer has benefited most patients with liver cancer, monitoring postoperative recurrence, further improving the long-term prognosis of liver cancer, postoperative detection of CTCs and other related indicators, combined with targeted, immune and other related treatments for further study. It is expected to receive 100 patients (50 treatment groups, 50 control groups). Patients who underwent immunotherapy after surgery were assigned to the immunotherapy group, and patients who were not treated with sorafenib after surgery were classified as the control group. All patients underwent 7 CTCs tests (immunomagnetic beads negative enrichment-targeted PCR) before, 7 days after surgery and 1st, 3rd, 6th, 9th, and 12th postoperatively. All patients were observed from the observation period. After the liver cancer resection, the patient was observed to have died, lost to follow-up or the end of the study.

The aim of the study is to evaluate the feasibility and morbidity of skin sparing mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction with latissimus dorsi flap after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy in invasive breast carcinoma.

Translocator protein (TSPO) is a intracellular protein that is found primarily in the outer membrane of the mitochondria that is encoded by the TSPO gene. It has been found that TSPO expression in the skin correlates with cell proliferation and differentiation. Many studies have shown that TSPO overexpression in solid malignancies such as in ovarian cancer, colon cancer, and others, was also found to correlate with more aggressive cancer behavior. Working Hypothesis and Aims: Previous studies described an aberrant expression of TSPO levels in solid malignancies as compared to normal tissues. It is assumed that this aberration can be found in cuntaneous malignancies as well. The occurrence of this aberration may lead to the understanding of the mechanism of TSPO involment in the cutaneous malignancy, and in malignancies in general. Methods: The study will be carried out on surgically resected skin lesions suspected to SCC or BCC, which will be removed as part of the surgical routine treatment. The excision will be made in elliptic shape including the lesion and a part of normal skin surrounding it. A sample will be taken from the central part of the lesion and from the external extremity of the normal tissue. Western Blot will be conducted to detect the expression of TSPO. Binding activity with the TSPO specific ligandwill also be determined. Expected Results: We expect to observe either (a) a higher level of TSPO expression and a lower binding activity in malignant tissue compared with healthy control tissue or (b) a higher level of TSPO expression and a lower binding activity in malignant tissue compared with healthy control tissue. Importance: Until today, only a very small number of studies have examined TSPO in cutaneous malignancies, and these only examined TSPO expression. Our study will also measure the binding activity of TSPO in cutaneous malignant tissues compared to normal tissues

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major health problem worldwide. For patients with intermediate-stage disease, i.e., large or multifocal HCC without vascular invasion or extrahepatic spread, transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is recommended as first line therapy with survival advantages. TACE can be performed repeatedly in patients with recurrent tumors who have adequate liver function reserves. Two clinical issues of TACE remain un-resolved. The first issue is the possibility of TACE-induced liver parenchymal damage, which may influence further treatment options and outcome of the patients. Conventional ways to evaluate liver functional reserves, including Child-Pugh score, biochemistry and metabolic tests, and ultrasound elastography, are relatively non-specific. The second issue is the difficulty in evaluating TACE efficacy, which cannot be reliably measured by conventional, volumetric response criteria. Both issues should be resolved to optimize patient care. Recently dynamic contrast-enhancing magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) is increasingly used to analysis perfusion changes of the liver, and can be applied to both liver parenchyma and tumors. Previous studies have shown clinical applications of perfusion imaging, such as evaluating the severity of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, assessing the effectiveness of anti-angiogenic therapy, and evaluating tumor viability after locoregional therapy. DCE-MRI can be performed with a hepatobiliary specific contrast agent, Gd-EOB-DTPA (Gadoxetic acid, Primovist®, Bayer Schering), with dual benefit of dynamic phase and the delayed hepatobiliary phase imaging. The hepatobiliary phase imaging can provide additional information for hepatic lesion characterization and the functional status of the hepatocytes. We hypothesize that imaging parameters of DCE-MRI with Gd-EOB-DTPA could reflect non-tumorous liver parenchymal changes and can be used to predict and monitor treatment response in patients with HCC after TACE. In this prospective cohort study, we will recruit patients referred for TACE with newly-diagnosed unresectable HCC or tumor recurrence after operation. Patients treated with radiofrequency ablation (RFA) will be recruited as a control group, since RFA is associated with minimal damage to the non-tumorous liver parenchyma. Key eligible criteria include chronic hepatitis B, histological or clinical diagnosis of HCC, tumors that are not amenable to surgical treatment and referred for TACE or RFA, ECOG performance status 0 or 1, Child-Pugh class A or B liver function, and measurable tumors (by RECIST 1.1). Eligible patients will receive the designated treatment (TACE or RFA) according to the current HCC treatment guidelines. DCE-MRI with Gd-EOB-DTPA will be used to analyze the non-tumorous liver parenchymal changes and treatment response, and will be performed at baseline, 3 days and 1 month after treatment, and then every 3 months for a maximum of 2 years. The primary endpoint of this study is progression of liver function reserve. The estimated time for patient recruitment is about half a year, and 40 patients and 20 patients will be recruited in the TACE and the RFA treatment group, respectively. The imaging parameters of the non-tumorous parenchyma and the tumors will be analyzed and correlated with clinical liver function parameters, and hepatic functional and tumor outcome of the patients.

The investigation is a randomized, double-blind, placebo involved and multi-center clinical trial. All subjects are assigned to 4 groups, including 3mg, 6mg, 12mg per day and placebo group. Each group includes 25 subjects, who have hepatic-cellular carcinoma accompanied with branch vein thrombosis. They receive investigational drug 40 days after resection surgery. Each cycle lasts 4 to 6 days with an interval of 29 days in all 6 cycles.

To investigate the relationship between arsenic methylation enzymes (AS3MT, PNP,GSTO1, and GSTO2) genetic polymorphism and UC risk. To explore the relationship between cigarettes metabolites (NNK, NNAL, HBA, NNAL-Gluc, O6-Methylguanine, and N7-Methylguanine) and UC risk. To examine the relationship between cigarette metabolic enzymes (CYP2A6, CYP2A13, and UGT2B7) genetic polymorphism and UC risk. To elucidate the relationship between DNA repair enzymes (MGMT, XPD, XRCC1, and XRCC3) gene polymorphism and 8-OHdG or between DNA repair enzymes and UC risk. To examine relationship between COX-2 (-1195G/A、-765G/C 和8473C/T), IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α gene polymorphism and 8-OHdG or between COX-2, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α gene polymorphism and UC risk. To examine the risk factors of the environment-environment, gene-environment, and gene-gene interaction on the risk of UC.