Active clinical trials for "Carcinoma"

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an endemic malignancy in Southern China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Singapore and Malaysia. It is highly associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Radiation therapy alone is indicated for early stage I to II diseases while concurrent chemoradiation is required for more advanced stage III to IVB diseases. Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) is the standard radiation technique for NPC, in virtue of its superior target coverage and dose sparing to adjacent critical organs-at-risks. Plasma EBV DNA and other novel plasma biomarkers have been extensively investigated in NPC. Previous studies have proven their predictive and prognostic values in NPC diagnosis, surveillance and survival outcomes. Investigators would like to investigate the roles of plasma biomarkers including plasma EBV DNA on treatment response evaluation, survival and prognosis on NPC, in the modern era of precision radiation therapy. This will help provide important information on refining on the current edition of AJCC/UICC staging classification.

NPC Patients receiving IMRT treatment will receive a dedicated FDG PET/CT and high-sensitivity PET/CT protocol simultaneously in the follow-up of Locally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Hence we establish this prospective cohort study.

This study is designed to refine the aetiological causes of cancers of the head and neck and investigate the ways in which human papillomavirus and life-style factors cause head and neck cancers. This study will determine if these factors affect the treatment of cancer. All patients attending the Head and Neck Clinic at the Princess Alexandra Hospital is invited to complete a risk factor questionnaire and give consent for their clinical data and tissue samples to be available for future research activities. The risk factor questionnaire is based on existing validated instruments developed by the QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Cancer Control Group, and will collect standardised information relating to demographics and causal factors (tobacco and alcohol intake), risk modifiers (dentition, asprin and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS), height, weight, physical activity, diet quality etc) and behaviours (oral sex etc)

Circulating free cell DNA (cfDNA) is extracellular fragmentation of nucleic acids that occurs both in plasma and serum. This kind of DNA which derived from the apoptotic/necrotic cells or the lysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) can be detectedin the patients with a variety of diseases. Emerging evidence suggests that cfDNA from patients exhibits characteristicchanges of tumors, suchas mutations, insertions/deletions, methylations,microsatellite aberrations, and copy number variations, etc. All of these reveal a visible difference between the benign conditions, and thus may be useful in the diagnosis of cancer, identification of targeted therapy, monitor responses to treatments, and early detection of relapse. The purpose for this study is to explore these characteristic changes in the patients withhepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and expect to guide targeted therapy and identify non-invasive biomarkers of cancer diagnosis and prognosis which can be easily isolated from the circulation.

The aims of this study were divided into three parts: To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of GP73 for the diagnosis of hepatitis B related HCC. Established the standard of GP73 in normal people. To definitude the connections between the GP73 level and various diseases. To find the relations of HCC metastasis and recurrence. Study design: Collectivity type: Prospective，randomized, controlled, multi-central clinical study. Patients: The subjects were from different hospitals including: Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), The Cancer Hospital of Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), QiDong Cancer Institute, and Department of Surgery University of Chicago from November of 2007 till the end of this study. Study arrangement: This study was consisted of three parts: Established the standard of normal people and test the sensitivity and specificity of HCC patients. The samples were acquired from Health Screen Center and Department of liver surgery of PUMCH, The Cancer Hospital of PUMC and QiDong Cancer Institute. Extend the study bound, including the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) carriers. The HBV (+) samples were come from Chinese hospitals and institutions. The HCV (+) samples were provide by the Department of Surgery University of Chicago. Research the relations of serum GP73 level and the other diseases, such as other malignant liver tumors, liver metastatic tumors, liver benign tumor, HCC recurrence following surgery etc.

To study the association between aristolochic acid and urothelial carcinoma in Taiwan

This study prospectively evaluates the accuracy of the noninvasive diagnostic criteria for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Currently, we conduct a prospective, randomized trial comparing the outcome of surgical excision with the outcome of curettage in nodular and superficial BCCs. Larger BCCs and micronodular or sclerosing BCCs are not included in the randomized study. They are mainly operated using three-dimensional histology (3D-histology, micrographic surgery). In this observational study we measure the cosmetic result and the recurrence rate of all BCCs not included in the randomized trial.

This cohort study compares immune response induced in two groups of small HCC patients treated by ablation (group1 RFA, group 2 MWA). Patients will benefit for tumoral and non tumoral biopsies prior to treatment and stepped peripheral blood samples juste before ablation and during the first month after.

Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is common malignancy and is considered to be one of the costliest cancers. The traditional diagnostic methods of UC present with some shortcomings. For example, the specificity of CTU remains low while cystoscopy is invasive and expensive. Therefore, a noninvasive diagnostic method with high accuracy is urgently needed. Our previous study has proved that UroCAD, which is able to detect chromosomal aberrations of the urine exfoliated cells, is a reliable method in diagnosing UC with sensitivity and specificity of 82.5% and 96.9%, respectively. But its potential in UC patient follow-up hasn't been assessed yet and the the accuracy of UroCAD in detecting UC still need to be further validated. The investigators here intended to investigate whether UroCAD can be used in UC patient follow-up and further validate the accuracy of UroCAD in diagnosing UC.