Active clinical trials for "Pneumonia"

The purpose of this study is to compare the clinical response rate of doripenem versus comparator in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP).

This study will test the safety and efficacy of TG-873870(Nemonoxacin) compared with Levofloxacin in adult patients with Community-Aquired Pneumonia(CAP)

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (SA) is a major pathogen causing mainly health-care associated infections and, lately, also community acquired infections. Few treatment choices exist to treat these infections. The currently recommended antibiotics for these infections are glycopeptides (vancomycin or teicoplanin). Glycopeptide treatment hs several disadvantages. It is a last resort antibiotic family that should be reserved for the future; Vancomycin is less effective that beta-lactam drugs for SA infections susceptible to both agents; treatment can only be given intravenously; and use of vancomycin has led to the development of SA strains with partial or complete resistance to vancomycin. Cotrimoxazole is an old antibiotic active against most strains of MRSA, depending on local epidemiology. Study hypothesis: The purpose of this study is to show that cotrimoxazole is as effective as treatment with vancomycin for invasive MRSA infections. We plan a randomized controlled trial comparing treatment with cotrimoxazole vs. vancomycin for invasive MRSA infections. The primary efficacy outcome we will assess will be Improvement or cure with or without antibiotic modifications, defined as: survival at 7 days post randomization with resolution of fever (<38 for two consecutive days) and resolution of hypotension (>90 systolic without need for vasopressor support); and physician's assessment that the primary infection was improved or cured. The primary safety outcome will be all-cause 30-day survival.

Demonstrate efficacy of telithromycin over single-agent oral antibiotics usually prescribed by local guidelines ("usual care") for treating adult outpatients with mild to moderate community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in high bacterial resistance areas.

Patients on ventilator are in high risk to develop ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP). This acquired infection significantly increases morbidity and mortality of these patients. Studies that investigated the factors influencing the incidence of VAP proved that infectious agents located in the throat and oral cavity are important factors. The assimilation of oral cavity treatment, including teeth brushing, cleaning and removal of secretions may significantly decrease the incidence of VAP. Choosing the method of oral cavity cleaning is based on few studies that demonstrated the optimal influence of combining mechanical cleansing, the use of a non alcoholic antiseptic material and lubrication of the lips and the oral cavity. Most of these studies are retrospective. The study will compare the traditional method of oral cavity treatment with the use of protocol that use special suction connected toothbrush to clean the teeth and the oral cavity, use of non alcoholic antiseptic solution and lubrication of the lips and the oral cavity. The current study is a prospective, open label, statistically balanced study that will investigate the connection between the method of oral cavity treatment and the incidence of VAP. 100 patients will be included. All ventilated patients in the ICU will be eligible and will be included after an informed consent will be signed by the patient, or by his legal guardian. Exclusion criteria include age less than 18 y/o, pregnancy, expected survival of less than 48 hours, immunosupression (excluding patients on steroids), severe burns, existing pneumonia and patient already included in another study. The main outcome will be 30 days all cause mortality. Secondary outcomes include the development of VAP, days on ventilator, LOS in the ICU and LOS in the hospital.

The purpose of this study is to compare how effective different ways of mouth cleaning are for patients in a neuroscience intensive care unit with a breathing tube in their mouth.

Acute lower respiratory tract infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in sub Saharan Africa. The World Health Organisation (WHO) still recommends intravenous chloramphenicol for the treatment of severe pneumonia in children aged less than five years. However, up to 20% of children fail treatment due to the emergence of resistance by bacteria. Several centers now use ceftriaxone, a third generation cephalosporin, which is reported to be efficacious in the treatment of severe pneumonia. However the high cost of ceftriaxone is too prohibitive to allow for its routine use in resource constrained countries. The purpose of this study is to compare chloramphenicol and ceftriaxone in the treatment of severe pneumonia in children under five. We hypothesize that 92.7% of children who receive once daily intravenous ceftriaxone (75 mg/kg body weight)for 7 days, will recover from severe pneumonia compared to 80.2 % of those who receive intravenous chloramphenicol (25mg/kg body weight/dose every 6 hours for 7 days).

The purpose of this study is to compare the clinical cure rate (ratio of clinically cured patients to the total number of patients) of ceftobiprole medocaril versus a comparator in the treatment of patients with community-acquired pneumonia.

In the Intensive Care (IC)-unit moxifloxacin treatment is often started with intravenous administrations. As moxifloxacin is known to have a high oral bioavailability in healthy volunteers, patients are switched to oral or enteral therapy as soon as possible. However, no data on plasma levels for moxifloxacin during such a switch-therapy in IC-patients are available. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the moxifloxacin-plasma levels and their inter-individual variability during IV to enteral switch therapy in IC-patients.

To determine if linezolid is superior to vancomycin in the treatment of nosocomial (acquired in the hospital) pneumonia due to Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) in adult subjects. Subjects entered in to the study will have proven healthcare-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia which will be treated with either linezolid or vancomycin.