Active clinical trials for "Pneumonia"

The goal of this pilot study is to test the hypothesis that mechanically ventilated infants receiving Biotene OralBalance® gel for oral care would have a reduced intubation time compared to infants receiving oral care placebo. This study is also performed to test the feasibility as well the safety of Biotene OralBalance® gel.

Malaria is a common, but decreasing, cause of fever in endemic areas. The use of rapid diagnostic tests could improve treatment of malaria at the local community level. Deployment of these tests is, however, a considerable cost. The aim of the study is to evaluate their effect on improving treatment of fever when used by Community Health Workers in Afghanistan. In phase I of the study, the hypothesis is that an RDT diagnosis deployed with standard training and support will improve the accuracy of treatment applied to fever by community health workers when compared to a diagnosis that is based on symptoms alone. In Phase II of the study, the hypothesis is that the accuracy of treatment can be improved by additional training and supportive interventions given to community health workers compared to those who have only had standard training.

The Nosocomial Pneumonia remains to be a major complication for patients who were incubated with ventilation. Most cases are attributed to increased bacteria flora in oropharyngeal secretion and aspiration of those organisms. Research indicates that the Gram-Negative Bacteria grows in upper air way and trachea rapidly during the initial 2-4 hospital days and the dental plague also increased dramatically at the first 5 days. About 50% cases with prolonged intubation experienced temporal swallowing disorders and majority of them recovered 7 days post weaning. Some evidence exist suggesting that oral care could reduce bacterial flora, prevent aspiration, and subsequently decrease the incidence of ventilation-associated pneumonia for this group of high risk patients. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a standardized oral care protocol in improving oral hygiene and reducing the incidence of pneumonia on a sample of surgical patients at intensive care unit.

This protocol posting deals with objectives & outcome measures of the extension phase up to 48-50 months post booster vaccination, to assess long-term antibody persistence in children at around 30, 42 and 66 months of age, who received previously 4 doses of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. The objectives & outcome measures of the primary phase are presented in a separate protocol posting (NCT number = 00307554). This Protocol posting has been updated in order to comply with the FDA AA (Sep 2007).

Clinical trial looking to evaluate the efficacy and safety of MEDI3902 in mechanically ventilated participants for the prevention of nosocomial pneumonia caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

The aim of this study is to test if BPS (Bacterial Pneumonia Score) guided antibiotic use in children with non severe community acquired pneumonia (CAP) and pneumoccocal vaccine will reduce antibiotic use as compared to standard care practice (current guidelines for CAP).

Probiotics are commercially available live bacteria thought to have health benefits when ingested. A literature review of probiotic studies in the intensive care unit (ICU) found that in patients who receive probiotics, there is a 25% reduction in lung infection, known as ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). There is also an 18% reduction in the chance of developing any infection in the ICU. However, the studies reviewed were small and not well done. Therefore, whether probiotics are really helpful or not is unclear. Before a large carefully performed study is done to evaluate the effects of probiotics in critically ill patients, a pilot trial is needed. The investigators plan to study the feasibility of such a trial in mechanically ventilated ICU patients in 11 ICUs in Ontario, investigating whether orally ingested L. rhamnosus GG (a common probiotic) prevents VAP and other infections. The 4 goals of the pilot study will be to ensure that we can successfully enrol patients; follow the protocol faithfully; make sure patients don't receive additional probiotics, and estimate how much pneumonia exists in these patients. In a separate substudy, the investigators will evaluate the effects of probiotics on lower lung infiltration with potential harmful bacteria, stool bacteria, markers of immunity called cytokines, and markers of infection called endotoxin levels. The investigators plan to enroll 150 adults admitted to ICU and receiving mechanical ventilation. Following informed consent, patients will be randomized to either L. rhamnosus GG group or an identical placebo. Twice daily, patients will receive probiotics or placebo in a feeding tube. The investigators will record all infections and other important outcomes in the ICU. This study is very important in the ongoing search for more effective strategies to prevent serious infection during critical illness. Probiotics may be an easy-to-use, readily available, inexpensive approach to help future critically ill patients around the world.

GEN-004 is a combination of 3 conserved proteins from Streptococcus pneumoniae. This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose escalation study. Eligible subjects (male and non-pregnant female) will be assigned sequentially to 1 of 3 dose cohorts and randomized in a 3:1:1 ratio to receive GEN-004 with adjuvant, GEN-004 without adjuvant, or placebo, respectively. Each subject will receive up to 3 doses at 4 week intervals. Subjects will be followed for safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity for 12 months after their last dose.

This study is to describe the safety and immunogenicity of 13vPnC in Indian adults 50 to 65 years of age and in Indian children 6 to 17 years of age.

To demonstrate the safety and efficacy of adjunctive therapy with the Amikacin Fosfomycin Inhalation System (AFIS) versus aerosolized placebo in mechanically ventilated patients with Gram-negative and / or Gram-positive bacterial colonization.