Active clinical trials for "Hypoglycemia"

Glycogen storage disease (GSD) patients frequently experience periods of hypoglycemia, putting them at risk for several complications, such as hepatomegaly, adenomas, and cirrhosis. As of now, glycogen storage disease patients are limited to using finger stick glucose meters to monitor their glycemia at home. Diabetes Sentry, a non-invasive hypoglycemia detector designed like a watch, has been available for diabetic patients to non-invasively alert for hypoglycemia, but has never been tested in a GSD population. The investigators propose to test the accuracy of the Diabetes Sentry on patients with GSD types 0, I, III, VI, and IX, by measuring their metabolic markers every two hours, as well as whenever the device alerts for hypoglycemia. If accurate, it could be a useful tool for GSD patients in managing hypoglycemia, both clinically and at home.

Hypoglycaemia is the most common acute complication in insulin-treated diabetes. The fear of hypoglycaemia discourages diabetic subjects from the attempt to maintain tight glycemic control, which in turn leads to increased diabetes related morbidity and mortality. Neuroglycopenic hypoglycaemia in insulin-treated diabetic patients is associated with characteristic changes in EEG with a decrease in alpha activity and an increase in delta and theta activity. We have recently demonstrated that hypoglycaemia-associated EEG-changes can be recorded from subcutaneously placed electrodes using an automated mathematical algorithm based on non-linear spectral analysis. Experimental findings hold promises that an alarm, given at the time of EEG-changes, can help the patients to avoid severe hypoglycaemia by ingestion of carbohydrate. This is the first larger scale trial testing the clinical applicability of a hypoglycaemia-alarm based on real-time analysis of EEG-signals.

The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the incidence of hypoglycemia in adult and pediatric participants with glycogen storage disease type III (GSD III).

A prospective, non-interventional study, 125 patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type2 will be enrolled, who, while on metformin, have a sub-optimal glycemic control and who thus will receive additional treatment with a sulfonylurea (SU) derivative. At the start and at 3 and 6 months, during regular visits to the patient's General Practitioner, the patients will complete a series of questionnaires (Patient Reported Outcomes, PROs) directed at diabetes in general, at fear for hypoglycemia, at body weight, at treatment compliance and at general wellbeing. These PROs are the worry subscale of the Hypoglycaemic Fear Survey, Impact of Weight on Quality of Life, revised Diabetes Symptom Checklist, Problem Areas In Diabetes, EuroQol EQ-5D and Medication Adherence Report Scale. In total 75 questions. The frequency of hypoglycemic symptoms, incidence of hypoglycemic events and body weight changes will be assessed and the level of adherence to treatment will be investigated. Diabetic patients, M/F, aged >35, metformin treated, serum HbA1c ≥7.0% (within last month), informed consent provided, in whom a SU therapy is added. Patients with Type 1 diabetes and with secondary diabetes will be excluded, and patients unable to understand and complete the questionnaires. Primary outcome variables are outcomes from HFS-w and IWQOL in relation to the frequency of hypoglycemic symptoms and body weight at 6 months and to weight change from 0 to 6 months. Secondary outcome variables are the other PROs. The frequency of hypoglycemic symptoms, incidence of hypoglycemic events, changes in body weight and level of compliance will be addressed. The Intention To Treat analysis will be used, with Last Value Extended Forward from 3 to 6 months in case of withdrawal after 3 months. Changes in outcome variables will be analysed by modelling time and potential dummy variables in a Generalized Estimating Equations analysis. Secondary, outcomes in HFS-w and IWQOL are compared with self-reported hypoglycemic symptoms, incidence of hypoglycemic events, body weight and change in body weight from 0 to 6 months. Changes in all PRO's from 0 to 3 and 6 months, potential relationships between (changes in) the different questionnaires, such as with hypoglycemia symptoms, weight (changes) and treatment compliance will be evaluated. A search is done for baseline characteristics which predict outcomes and changes in PRO's, hypoglycemic symptoms, hypoglycemic events and weight changes.

Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia (HH) is a rare complication that occurs 1 to 5 years after gastric bypass surgery. The underlying mechanism of this complication is not yet completely understood. Changes in hormone levels, such as GLP1 after RYGB, nesidioblastosis or an increase in the number of beta cells may be one of the underlying causes. However, several study results are conflicting and it is hypothesized that the patient population with HH after RYGB is heterogeneous and several underlying causes may be present. In order to differentiate between hyperfunction with normal beta cell mass and a general or localized increase in beta cell mass we aim to compare quantitative 68Ga-exendin-4 PET imaging of the pancreas between patients with and without HH after RYGB. Thereby, investigators aim to increase the insight in the underlying mechanism of HH after RYGB. If different underlying causes can be diagnosed, treatment for HH can be optimized for patients.

It is thought that altered brain lactate handling is involved in the development of impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (IAH), i.e. the inability to timely detect hypoglycemia in people with type 1 diabetes (T1DM). Infusion of lactate diminishes symptomatic and hormonal responses to hypoglycemia in patients with normal awareness of hypoglycemia (NAH), resembling the situation of patients with IAH. It is unknown whether this attenuating effect is due to brain lactate oxidation or the result of lactate-induced alterations of global and regional cerebral blood flow (CBF). Normally, hypoglycemia causes a redistribution of CBF towards the thalamus, from where the sympathetic response to hypoglycemia is coordinated, but in IAH this effect is absent and global CBF is increased. We hypothesize that lactate infusion in patients with NAH will result in blunting of thalamic activation and/or enhanced global CBF. If so, these results may help delineating the pathogenesis of IAH which eventually creates new avenues to protect against the morbidity associated with hypoglycemia and IAH. Study design: Single-blind placebo controlled, randomized cross-over intervention study Study population: T1DM patients with NAH (n=10) Intervention: On two separate occasions, patients with T1DM and NAH will undergo a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic-hypoglycemic glucose clamp with or without the infusion of exogenous lactate. ASL-MRI will be applied to measure global and regional changes in CBF. Main study parameters/endpoints: The change in regional thalamic CBF in response to intravenous lactate infusion compared to placebo, during hypoglycemia

Cancer patients with known or newly diagnosed (i.e. iatrogenic) Diabetes Mellitus (DM) in Palliative/Supportive Care will be enrolled. Patients will be randomly assigned to one of two groups. Patients included in the first group will monitor glucose levels through Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM), using the FreeStyle Libre 2 (FSL2). The second group is represented by the usual standard way for blood glucose (BG) monitoring (lancing device for finger samples). An interim analysis is foreseen when the half of the expected events (hyperglycemic peaks) will be observed. In case the results of interim analysis show superiority of the CGM (FSL2) group patients of the second group will be switched.

Intensive glucose control in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is associated with clear health benefits (1). However, despite development of insulin analogs, pump/multi-dose treatment and continuous glucose monitoring, maintaining near-normal glycemia remains an elusive goal for most patients, in large part owing to the risk of hypoglycemia. T1DM patients are susceptible to hypoglycemia due to defective counterregulatory responses (CR) characterized by: 1) deficient glucagon release during impending/early hypoglycemia; 2) additional hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure (HAAF) and exercise-associated autonomic failure (EAAF) that blunt the sympathoadrenal responses to hypoglycemia following repeated episodes of hypoglycemia or exercise as well as degrading other CR; and 3) hypoglycemia unawareness (HU), lowering the threshold for symptoms that trigger behavioral responses (e.g. eating). Thus, the risk of hypoglycemia in T1DM impedes ideal insulin treatment and leads to defaulting to suboptimal glycemic control (2). There are two approaches that could resolve this important clinical problem: 1) perfection of glucose sensing and insulin and glucagon delivery approaches (bioengineered or cell-based) that mimic normal islet function and precisely regulate glucose continuously, or 2) a drug to enhance or normalize the pattern of CR to hypoglycemia. Despite much research and important advances in the field, neither islet transplantation nor biosensor devices have emerged as viable long-term solutions for the majority of patients (3, 4). Over the past several years, our lab has explored the approach of enhancing CR by examining mechanisms responsible for HAAF/EAAF and searching for potential pharmacological methods to modulate the CR to hypoglycemia (5-11). Our work has led to a paradigm shift in the field of hypoglycemia, exemplified by the novel hypothesis and published experimental data supporting a role for opioid signaling that resulted in the initiation of exploratory clinical trials by other research groups.

PhytoSpherix (Phx) is an all-natural, edible polysaccharide extracted from sweet corn. This carbohydrate is the major muscle fuel for intense exercise and its stores are quite small such that one can run out of it during a single exercise bout. Therefore, Phx should provide significant exercise fuel if consumed during exercise. As a result its intake could enhance intense exercise performance by providing additional fuel. This experiment Will investigate the effects of 4 different dosages of Phx consumed throughout a prolonged exercise bout on carbohydrate and fat utilization as well as its oxidation rate and perception of effort during prolonged intense exercise in trained cyclists. Muscle and liver carbohydrate stores will be examined using a non-invasive ultrasound technique.

The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy of an electronic platform for doctor-patient communication in order to reduce severe and non-severe hypoglycemia events as well as inadvertent hypoglycemia events.